Title: ASN 210 Week 3 Pre-Quiz
Course: 16SP-ASN-210-GH1A1-ADV NUR THROUGH LIFESPAN I > Section: Week 3

Q: A client asks the nurse if eating only preservative- and dye-free foods will decrease cancer risk. What response by the nurse is best?
- “Maybe; preservatives, dyes, and preparation methods may be risk factors.”
- “No; research studies have never shown those things to cause cancer.”
- “There are other things you can do that will more effectively lower your risk.”
- “Yes; preservatives and dyes are well known to be carcinogens.”
A: “Maybe; preservatives, dyes, and preparation methods may be risk factors.”
If right: Dietary factors related to cancer development are poorly understood, although dietary practices are suspected to alter cancer risk. Suspected dietary risk factors include low fiber intake and a high intake of red meat or animal fat. Preservatives, preparation methods, and additives (dyes, flavorings, sweeteners) may have cancer-promoting effects. It is correct to say that other things can lower risk more effectively, but this does not give the client concrete information about how to do so, and also does not answer the client’s question.
If wrong: Dietary factors related to cancer development are poorly understood, although dietary practices are suspected to alter cancer risk. Suspected dietary risk factors include low fiber intake and a high intake of red meat or animal fat. Preservatives, preparation methods, and additives (dyes, flavorings, sweeteners) may have cancer-promoting effects. It is correct to say that other things can lower risk more effectively, but this does not give the client concrete information about how to do so, and also does not answer the client’s question.

Q: A client is in the oncology clinic for a first visit since being diagnosed with cancer. The nurse reads in the client’s chart that the cancer classification is T<sub>IS</sub>N<sub>0</sub>M<sub>0</sub>. What does the nurse conclude about this client’s cancer?
- The primary site of the cancer cannot be determined.
- Regional lymph nodes could not be assessed.
- There are multiple lymph nodes involved already.
- There are no distant metastases noted in the report.
A: There are no distant metastases noted in the report.
If right: T<sub>IS</sub> stands for carcinoma in situ; N<sub>0</sub> stands for no regional lymph node metastasis; and M<sub>0</sub> stands for no distant metastasis.
If wrong: T<sub>IS</sub> stands for carcinoma in situ; N<sub>0</sub> stands for no regional lymph node metastasis; and M<sub>0</sub> stands for no distant metastasis.

Q: A client has a leg wound that is in the second stage of the inflammatory response. For what manifestation does the nurse assess?
- Noticeable rubor
- Purulent drainage
- Swelling and pain
- Warmth at the site
A: Purulent drainage
If right: During the second phase of the inflammatory response, neutrophilia occurs, producing pus. Rubor (redness), swelling, pain, and warmth are cardinal signs of the general inflammatory process.
If wrong: During the second phase of the inflammatory response, neutrophilia occurs, producing pus. Rubor (redness), swelling, pain, and warmth are cardinal signs of the general inflammatory process.

Q: A client has a platelet count of 9800/mm<sup>3</sup>. What action by the nurse is most appropriate?
- Assess the client for calf pain, warmth, and redness.
- Instruct the client to call for help to get out of bed.
- Obtain cultures as per the facility’s standing policy.
- Place the client on protective isolation precautions.
A: Instruct the client to call for help to get out of bed.
If right: A client with a platelet count this low is at high risk for serious bleeding episodes. To prevent injury, the client should be instructed to call for help prior to getting out of bed. Calf pain, warmth, and redness might indicate a deep vein thrombosis, not associated with low platelets. Cultures and isolation relate to low white cell counts.
If wrong: A client with a platelet count this low is at high risk for serious bleeding episodes. To prevent injury, the client should be instructed to call for help prior to getting out of bed. Calf pain, warmth, and redness might indicate a deep vein thrombosis, not associated with low platelets. Cultures and isolation relate to low white cell counts.

Q: A client has mucositis. What actions by the nurse will improve the client’s nutrition? <b>(Select all that apply.)</b>
- Assist with rinsing the mouth with saline frequently.
- Encourage the client to eat room-temperature foods.
- Give the client hot liquids to hold in the mouth.
- Provide local anesthetic medications to swish and spit.
- Remind the client to brush teeth gently after each meal.
A: Assist with rinsing the mouth with saline frequently.; Encourage the client to eat room-temperature foods.; Provide local anesthetic medications to swish and spit.; Remind the client to brush teeth gently after each meal.
If right: Mucositis can interfere with nutrition. The nurse can help with rinsing the mouth frequently with water or saline; encouraging the client to eat cool, slightly warm, or room-temperature foods; providing swish-and-spit anesthetics; and reminding the client to keep the mouth clean by brushing gently after each meal. Hot liquids would be painful for the client.
If wrong: Mucositis can interfere with nutrition. The nurse can help with rinsing the mouth frequently with water or saline; encouraging the client to eat cool, slightly warm, or room-temperature foods; providing swish-and-spit anesthetics; and reminding the client to keep the mouth clean by brushing gently after each meal. Hot liquids would be painful for the client.