Title: Ch. 4.3.1 quiz
Course: Lab Safety > Section: Day 3

Carcinogens adapted from Laboratory Safety by Hill and Finster, 2010 by Wiley

Q: What estimated percentage of cancers in the US are attributable to chemical exposure in the workplace?
- <5%
- About 10%
- About 18%
- About 26%
A: <5%

Q: What percentage of chemicals known to cause cancer in humans is regulated by OSHA?
- Less than 10%
- About 25%
- About 60%
- 100%
A: 100%

Q: What element, along with its compounds, are regulated by OSHA?
- Asbestos
- Arsenic
- Cadmium
- Mercury
A: Cadmium

Q: For most chemists who work in labs
- It is probable that they will use and handle some carcinogens, but the likelihood of contracting cancer based on lab activity is very small if appropriate steps are taken to limit exposure
- It is very unlikely that they will use and handle any carcinogens since carcinogens are so highly regulated
- Is is very likely that they will use and handle carcinogens and some my develop cancer, but establishing the causal link to chemical exposure is almost impossible
- They will avoid using anything carcinogenic since OSHA regulations make it illegal to require a chemist to use carcinogens without sighning a release statement
A: It is probable that they will use and handle some carcinogens, but the likelihood of contracting cancer based on lab activity is very small if appropriate steps are taken to limit exposure

Q: What percentage of chemicals tested for carcinogenicity actually turn out ot be carcinogens?
- Less than 5%
- About 10%
- About 45%
- About 60%
A: About 60%

Q: The percentage of chemicals found to be carcinogens in lab tests is probably higher than the actual percentage of human carcinogens in all known chemicals because... (Select all that apply.)
- These expensive tests are more likely to be run on compounds that are already suspected to be carcinogens
- Very high doses are used and the high-dose-to-low-dose extrapolation probably overestimates the actual chance of the chemical being a carcinogen in humans
- Humans have a better DNA repair mechanism that some animals
A: These expensive tests are more likely to be run on compounds that are already suspected to be carcinogens; Very high doses are used and the high-dose-to-low-dose extrapolation probably overestimates the actual chance of the chemical being a carcinogen in humans; Humans have a better DNA repair mechanism that some animals

Q: Which statement is true?
- Most carcinogens are mutagens
- All mutagens are harmful
- About 50-60% of known mutagens are carcinogens
- Mutagenicity tests are only performed on  known carcinogens
A: About 50-60% of known mutagens are carcinogens

Q: Which statement is true?
- OSHA regulates about 30 substances as known carcinogens
- OSHA regulates almost 300 substances as known carcinogens
- OSHA recommends, but does not require, that special practices be established when handling select carcinogens
- OSHA regulates mutagens more strictly than carcinogens
A: OSHA regulates about 30 substances as known carcinogens

Q: A substances is a "select carcinogen" if it... (Select all that apply.)
- Is regulated by OSHA as a carcinogen
- Is "known to be a carcinogen" in the Annual Report on Carcinogens published by the NTP
- Is listed as Group 1, Group 2A or Group 2B by the IARC and caused statistically significant tumor incidence under specified conditions
- Is not classified as a carcinogens by the GHS
A: Is regulated by OSHA as a carcinogen; Is "known to be a carcinogen" in the Annual Report on Carcinogens published by the NTP; Is listed as Group 1, Group 2A or Group 2B by the IARC and caused statistically significant tumor incidence under specified conditions