Title: Competency 4 - Competency Exam - MASTER
Course: Fundamentals of Networking Technologies (13658)

This is the MASTER Test with all questions for Competency 4.

Q: Distributing data transfer activity equally over several devices or components belongs to which category of network management services?
- Traffic monitoring
- Load balancing
- Address management
- File and print services
A: Load balancing
If right: Objective 4.1
If wrong: Objective 4.1

Q: What type of device guards against an attack in which a hacker modifies the IP source address in the packets he’s issuing so that the transmission appears to belong to your network?
- Packet-filtering firewall
- Proxy server
- NAT gateway
- Router
A: Proxy server
If right: Objective 4.1
If wrong: Objective 4.1

Q: Which of the following devices can improve performance for certain applications, in addition to enhancing network security?
- Packet-filtering firewall
- NAT gateway
- Proxy server
- Router
A: Proxy server
If right: Objective 4.1
If wrong: Objective 4.1

Q: If a firewall does nothing more than filter packets, at what layer of the OSI model does it operate?
- Transport
- Network
- Data Link
- Session
A: Network
If right: Objective 4.1
If wrong: Objective 4.1

Q: Which of the following allows two interfaces on a switch to share the burden of receiving and transmitting traffic over a single logical connection?
- Round-robin DNS
- Link aggregation
- Clustering
- Mirroring
A: Link aggregation
If right: Objective 4.1
If wrong: Objective 4.1

Q: Which of the following is a network device that allows remote users access to a network?
- DNS server
- Content filter
- Load balancer
- VPN concentrator
A: VPN concentrator
If right: Objective 4.1
If wrong: Objective 4.1

Q: What is one function of a VPN concentrator?
- To prioritize traffic on a VPN
- To consolidate multiple VPNs into a single, larger VPN
- To cache a VPN’s frequently requested content
- To establish VPN tunnels
- To collect traffic from multiple VLANs into a VPN
A: To establish VPN tunnels
If right: Objective 4.1
If wrong: Objective 4.1

Q: Tone generators and tone locators are used to determine characteristics about a cable.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: A____ is a small electronic device that issues a signal on a wire pair.
- tone locator
- probe kit
- tone generator
- probe
A: tone generator
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: ____ is a fundamental property of wire that depends on a wire’s molecular structure and size.
- Voltage
- Current
- Resistance
- Impedance
A: Resistance
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: Resistance is measured in ____.
- ohms
- hertz
- centimeters
- volts
A: ohms
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: ____ is the telltale factor for ascertaining where faults in a cable lie.
- Resistance
- Impedance
- Voltage
- Current
A: Impedance
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: When used on a copper-based cable, a continuity tester applies a small amount of ____ to each conductor at one end of the cable.
- resistance
- impedance
- voltage
- current
A: voltage
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: A ____ can be used to intercept a telephone conversation.
- sniffer
- protocol analyzer
- network monitor
- butt set
A: butt set
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: A sophisticated ____________________ will include a TDR (time domain reflectometer) that issues a signal on a cable and then measures the way the signal bounces back (or reflects) to the TDR.
A: cable performance tester / performance tester
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: Rather than issue an electrical signal over the cable as twisted pair cable testers do, a(n) ____________________ transmits light-based signals of different wavelengths over the fiber.
A: OTDRs (optical time domain reflectometers) / optical time domain reflectometers / OTDR
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: What are the minimum and maximum sizes for an Ethernet frame?
- 46 and 64 bytes
- 46 and 128 bytes
- 64 and 1518 bytes
- 64 and 1600 bytes
A: 64 and 1518 bytes
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: Which of the following tools would you use to verify that your new cable meets Cat 6a standards?
- Continuity tester
- Protocol analyzer
- Network monitor
- Tone generator and tone locator
A: Continuity tester
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: You are troubleshooting a connectivity problem that you believe is related to a faulty cable between a switch and a punch-down block. However, in the disorganized telecommunications closet, it seems impossible to determine which cable belongs to the switch by simply looking at the punch-down block. You decide to use a tone generator and locator to find the cable. Where will you issue the tone?
- At the punch-down block, near where you think the switch's cable might be
- At the end of the cable connected to the switch's management port
- At the end of the cable that connects the workgroup punch-down block with the entrance facility punch-down block
- At the end of the cable connected to the switch's uplink port
A: At the end of the cable connected to the switch's uplink port
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: Which of the following frequently results in negative frame sequence checks?
- Noise
- Excessive nodes on a segment
- Excessive segment length
- Improper flow control
A: Noise
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: You are troubleshooting a fiber-optic connection on your 1-Gigabit LAN backbone. You suspect one of your fiber cross-connects is dirty, resulting in poor performance over the backbone. What tool will help you determine the location of the dirty cross-connect?
- Multimeter
- Sniffer
- Network monitor
- OTDR
A: OTDR
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: You have decided to take a break from your position at a telephone company's helpdesk and accompany a field technician to learn how to troubleshoot local loops. Which of the following tools will help you verify that a line is receiving dial tone from the CO (central office)?
- OTDR
- Butt set
- Sniffer
- TDR
A: Butt set
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: A new drop is active according to the network administrator. A technician takes a laptop to the new drop to test connectivity and gets an intermittent signal. Which of the following tools could the technician use to test the line?
- Environmental monitor
- Toner probe
- Protocol analyzer
- Cable tester
A: Cable tester
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: You are a support technician working in a telecommunications closet in a remote office. You suspect that a connectivity problem is related to a broken RJ-45 plug on a patch cable that connects a switch to a patch panel. You need to replace that connection, but you forgot to bring an extra patch cable. You decide to install a new RJ-45 connector to replace the broken RJ-45 connector. What two tools should you have to successfully accomplish this?
- Punch-down tool
- Crimping tool
- Wire stripper
- Cable tester
- Multimeter
A: Crimping tool; Wire stripper
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: As a networking professional, you might use a multimeter to do which of the following? (Choose all that apply.)
- Determine where the patch cable for a specific server terminates on the patch panel
- Verify that the amount of resistance presented by terminators on coaxial cable networks is appropriate
- Check for the presence of noise on a wire (by detecting extraneous voltage)
- Confirm that a fiber-optic cable can transmit signals from one node to another
- Validate the processing capabilities of a new router
A: Verify that the amount of resistance presented by terminators on coaxial cable networks is appropriate; Check for the presence of noise on a wire (by detecting extraneous voltage)
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: You work for a telephone company that provides Internet service via dial-up and DSL connections.  One day you have the chance to work in the field with an older telephone technician. You stop at an intersection and open a pedestal where telephone pairs terminate. Which of the following tools does the technician use to determine whether a customer’s line is obtaining dial tone from the CO?
- OTDR
- Network monitor
- Protocol analyzer
- Butt set
- Cable continuity tester
A: Butt set
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: Which tool would you use to locate faults in a fiber optic cable?
- TDR
- Voltage Event Recorder
- Certifier
- OTDR
A: OTDR
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: Which tool would you use to verify that network segments are operating a optimal levels?
- Voltage Event Recorder
- TDP
- OTDP
- Certifier
A: Certifier
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: Which tool would be best suited to finding improper voltage levels of components?
- Multimeter
- Voltage Event Record
- TDP
- Certifier
A: Multimeter
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: Which tool would be best suited to find faults in metallic cabling?
- OTDR
- Certifier
- Voltage event recorder
- TDR
A: TDR
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: Which tool is best suited for terminating RJ-45 connectors?
- Punch-down tool
- Crimper
- Terminator
- Stripper
A: Crimper
If right: Objective 4.2
If wrong: Objective 4.2

Q: The command used to view IP information on a Windows workstation is ipconfig.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: An administrator can discover the host name assigned to a client by using the ____ utility.
- host
- nbstat
- hostname
- nslookup
A: hostname
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: A program similar to mtr, ____, is available as a command-line utility in Windows operating systems.
- nbstat
- pathping
- dig
- route
A: pathping
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: The ____ utility allows you to view a host’s routing table.
- nbstat
- pathping
- dig
- route
A: route
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: Most wireless testing tools contain more powerful antennas than a workstation NIC.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: To take advantage of network monitoring and analyzing tools, the network adapter installed in the machine running the software must support ____ mode.
- open
- static
- promiscuous
- continuous
A: promiscuous
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: ____ packets exceed the medium’s maximum packet size.
- Jabber
- Ghost
- Giant
- Runt
A: Giant
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: ____ are frames that are not actually data frames, but aberrations caused by a device misinterpreting stray voltage on the wire.
- Jabbers
- Ghosts
- Giants
- Runts
A: Ghosts
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: A ____ usually results from a bad NIC.
- jabber
- ghost
- giant
- runt
A: jabber
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: A ____ can generate traffic in an attempt to reproduce a network problem and monitor multiple network segments simultaneously.
- multimeter
- cable performance tester
- network monitor
- protocol analyzer
A: protocol analyzer
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: The danger in using a ____ is that it could collect more information than you or the machine can reasonably process.
- cable continuity tester
- multimeter
- protocol analyzer
- wireless network tester
A: protocol analyzer
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: A ____ is a tool that can assess the quality of the wireless signal.
- function analyzer
- signal analyzer
- quality analyzer
- spectrum analyzer
A: spectrum analyzer
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: Network engineers today might call any protocol analyzer tool a(n) ____________________.
A: packet sniffer / sniffer
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: You have just set up a new wireless network in your house, and you want to determine whether your Linux laptop has connected to it and obtained a valid IP address. Which of the following commands will allow you to find the information you need?
- ifconfig /all
- ifconfig -a
- ifconfig -n
- ifconfig /net
A: ifconfig -a
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: Which of the following commands allows you to view the routing table on your Linux workstation? (Choose all that apply.)
- netstat -r
- traceroute
- netroute -R
- route
- tracepath
A: netstat -r; route
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: If you know that your colleague's TCP/IP host name is JSMITH, and you need to find out his IP address, which of the following commands should you type at your shell prompt or command prompt?
- netstat jsmith
- nbtstat jsmith
- nslookup jsmith
- ifconfig jsmith
A: nslookup jsmith
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: Which of the following commands reveals the default gateway addresses for all the hosts to which a router is connected?
- route
- ping
- host
- ifconfig
A: route
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: What utility might you use to find out whether your ISP's router is responsible for the poor network performance your organization experiences on a particular afternoon?
- route
- netstat
- mtr
- ipconfig
A: mtr
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: What function of a wireless network testing tool measures the amount of interference on a certain channel within a frequency band?
- Network monitor
- Spectrum analyzer
- Site selector
- Protocol analyzer
A: Spectrum analyzer
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: You have been asked to help solve a problem that suddenly appeared on your company's network. All data transmission has slowed to a crawl. You suspect a DOS attack or a broadcast storm. Which of the following tools would help you determine the source of either of these problems?
- OTDR
- Cable continuity tester
- Butt set
- Protocol analyzer
A: Protocol analyzer
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: After your Internet service provider makes some changes in the way they connect to their network service provider, your organization’s connection to a customer’s Web site becomes noticeably slower. Which of the following troubleshooting tools helps you identify the number of hops between your office and the customer’s Web site?
- netstat
- dig
- ping
- traceroute
A: traceroute
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: The command netstat –n will display which of the following?
- Ethernet statistics
- IP address
- Address and port numbers in numerical form
- Protocol statistics
A: Address and port numbers in numerical form
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: You work for an ISP. Several of your customers have called to complain about slow response from a popular Web site. You suspect that network congestion is at fault. Which TCP/IP utility would help you determine where the congestion is occurring?
- FTP
- Nslookup
- Nbtstat
- Tracert
- Telnet
A: Tracert
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: In the process of troubleshooting an intermittent performance problem with your network’s Internet connection, you attempt to run a traceroute test to www.microsoft.com. The traceroute response displays the first 12 hops in the route, but then presents several  “Request timed out” messages in a row. What is the most likely reason for this?
- Your network’s ISP is experiencing connectivity problems.
- The Internet backbone is experiencing traffic congestion.
- Your client’s TCP/IP service limits the traceroute command to a maximum of 12 hops.
- Your IP gateway failed while you were attempting the traceroute test.
- Microsoft’s network is bounded by firewalls that do not accept incoming ICMP traffic.
A: Microsoft’s network is bounded by firewalls that do not accept incoming ICMP traffic.
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: You suspect that a machine on your network with the host name PRTSRV is issuing excessive broadcast traffic on your network. What command can you use to determine this host’s IP address?
- netstat  PRTSRV
- ipconfig  PRTSRV
- nslookup  PRTSRV
- ifconfig  PRTSRV
- nbtstat  PRTSRV
A: nslookup  PRTSRV
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: While troubleshooting a workstation connectivity problem, you type the following command: ping  127.0.0.1. The response indicates that the test failed. What can you determine about that workstation?
- Its network cable is faulty or not connected to the wall jack.
- Its TCP/IP protocol is not installed properly.
- Its IP address has been prevented from transmitting data past the default gateway.
- Its DHCP settings are incorrect.
- Its DNS name server specification is incorrect.
A: Its TCP/IP protocol is not installed properly.
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: What would the command route  del  default  gw  192.168.5.1  eth1 accomplish on your Linux workstation?
- Delete the default gateway’s route to the host whose IP address is 192.168.5.1
- Remove the assignment of IP address 192.168.5.1 from the eth1 interface
- Remove the workstation’s route to the default gateway whose IP address is 192.168.5.1
- Add a route from the workstation to the default gateway whose IP address is 192.168.5.1
- Remove the designation of default gateway, but keep the route for the host whose IP address is 192.168.5.1
A: Remove the workstation’s route to the default gateway whose IP address is 192.168.5.1
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: On a machine running a Windows operating system, which command would you use to give up your IP address?
- ipconfig /renew
- ipconfig /release
- ifconfig /release
- ifconfig /renew
A: ipconfig /release
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: A user complains that it is slow to access a web page.  Which utility can you use to find the bottleneck?
- pathping
- nbstat
- ping
- telnet
- ipconfig
A: pathping
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: You are a network technician.  A user is having problems connecting to the Internet from their Windows workstation.  You wish to check their TCP/IP protocol installation to verity that it is installed and working properly.  Which command would you used to check their local TCP/IP connection? (Choose all that apply)
- ping 127.0.0.1
- ping local
- ping localhost
- ping gateway
- ping 127.0.0.0
A: ping 127.0.0.1; ping localhost
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: You have just completed the addition of a DSL router to give Internet access to your LAN.   You cannot access the internet.  You can ping the router and there suspect that the default gateway is not configured.  Which of the following commands can you use to confirm your diagnosis?
- nbstat
- tracert
- gateway
- ipconfig
A: ipconfig
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: The TCP/IP utility which displays host names and corresponding IP address is ______.
- ipconifg
- ping
- nslookup
- netstat
- ARP
- tracert
A: nslookup
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: Which utility can you use to find a bottleneck when diagnosing TCP/IP connectivity?
- tracert
- ping
- nbstat
- telent
- ipconfig
A: tracert
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: You are administering a small 100BaseT network.  Users are experiencing slow response.  You examine the transmit and collision lights on the hub and notice that there is an excessive amount of traffic on the network.  It is after closing hours and no one is work.  What is the most likely problem>
- A jabbering network card
- The wrong type of cable was used to connect a workstation.
- A cable between the workstations and the server is broken
- A cable between the workstations and the hub is broken.
A: A jabbering network card
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: The TCP/IP utility which display the ip address, subnet mask an default gateway is ______.
- ARP
- netstat
- ping
- nbstat
- ipconfig
- tracert
A: ipconfig
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: A user complains that access time to a server is very slow.  Which utility do you use to find the problem?
- tracert
- nbstat
- telnet
- ping
- ipconfig
A: tracert
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: On a machine running a Windows operating system, which command would use use to reacquire an IP address.
- ipconfig /release
- ipconfig /renew
- ifconfig /renew
- ifconfig /release
A: ipconfig /renew
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: Which utility would you use to see the path to an IP address?
- ipconfig
- atmcom
- nbstat
- tracert
A: tracert
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: Which command would you use to determine if a specific IP address is active?
- SMTP
- ping
- ipconfig
- Netstat
A: ping
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: Which utility would you use to display all current network layer connections?
- router
- netstat
- ping
- ipconfig
A: netstat
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: You are a network administrator.  You need to view that number of packets transmitted and received as well as the number of errors generated.  Which utility would you use?
- ping
- ipconfig
- route
- netstat
A: netstat
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: You need to get the IP address of a remote server named BILL.  Which utility do you use?
- ipconfig
- ping
- nbtstat
- route
A: ping
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: You need to determine the number of hops to a particular server.  Which of the following would use you?
- ping
- tracert
- netstat
- SMTP
A: tracert
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: Which of the following activities does the tracert utility perform? (Choose three)
- It can determine whether the destination is being reached.
- It can determine how many router the packet travels between.
- It can determine which ip address is being used on the computer that you are using.
- It can determine which router was the last one the packet passed before failing.
- It can determine the bandwidth of the connection.
- It uses NetBEUI to reduce overhead.
A: It can determine whether the destination is being reached.; It can determine how many router the packet travels between.; It can determine which router was the last one the packet passed before failing.
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: Which utility would you use to get information about network names that have been resolved to IP addresses.
- nbstat
- ping
- atmcom
- route
A: nbstat
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: A utility that shows you the addressing information for the system currently connected is
- route
- nbstat
- ping
- ipconfig
A: ipconfig
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: The IP protocol tool used for documenting the subnets that must be traversed as a packet travels from one logical network to another is _________?
- Performance monitor
- SMTP
- Network monitor
- tracert
A: tracert
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: You are troubleshooting an Ethernet network.  You suspect that one of the computers has been sending bad packets.  Which of the following would you use to determine which computer is sending the bad packets?
- Oscilloscope
- DVM
- Protocol analyzer
- TDR
A: Protocol analyzer
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: Which TCP/IP utility would you use to document the routers used by an Internet packet?
- ping
- atmcom
- netstat
- tracert
A: tracert
If right: Objective 4.3
If wrong: Objective 4.3

Q: A ____ is a software-based tool that continually monitors network traffic from a server or workstation attached to the network.
- network monitor
- sniffer
- protocol analyzer
- multimeter
A: network monitor
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: Before using a network monitor or protocol analyzer on a network, it is important to know what ____ on your network normally looks like.
- jabber
- runts
- current
- traffic
A: traffic
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: Documenting and capturing an accurate picture of a network’s physical and logical elements are initial steps in understanding the network.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: ____ management refers to monitoring how well links and devices are keeping up with the demands placed on them.
- Performance
- Fault
- Network
- Configuration
A: Performance
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: ____ management refers to the detection and signaling of device, link, or component faults.
- Performance
- Fault
- Network
- Configuration
A: Fault
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: The process where one network management console collects data from multiple networked devices at regular intervals is known as ____.
- base lining
- interrogating
- polling
- pushing
A: polling
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: A network management agent is a ____ that collects information about a device’s operation and provides it to the network management application.
- software routine
- hardware device
- GUI
- probe
A: software routine
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: The definition of managed devices and their data are collected in a(n) ____________________.
A: MIB (Management Information Base) / Management Information Base / MIB
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: On Windows-based computers an event log and can be easily viewed with the GUI ____________________ application.
A: Event Viewer
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: Which of the following tools could you use to determine whether a user's workstation is transmitting packets in the proper Ethernet frame type for your network?
- Protocol analyzer
- Continuity tester
- Multimeter
- Tone generator and tone locator
A: Protocol analyzer
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: You work for a medical transcription company that contracts with hundreds of home-based transcriptionists across the country. The transcriptionists connect to your network over a VPN that provides remote access services. Employees work at all times of the day or night, and not all of the transcriptionists are connected at the same time. Further, the number of transcriptionists the company hires at any time depends on a variable workload. You need to determine whether to increase the number of licenses on your remote access server. Which of the following variables would you configure your network monitoring application to track over time to help you find your answer?
- % utilization on the VPN router's CPU
- Maximum traffic handled by the VPN router's NIC
- Number of users connected to the remote access server
- % utilization on the remote access server's CPU
A: Number of users connected to the remote access server
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: Which of the following applications would allow you to determine how many times in the past seven days your Windows 7 workstation has been unable to renew its DHCP-assigned IP address?
- Event Viewer
- DHCP logger
- Syslog
- TCP/IP Properties
A: Event Viewer
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: On your Linux server, what file tells you where your system log file is kept?
- /var/log/logs.conf
- /etc/syslog.conf
- /etc/usr/logs.conf
- /var/syslog.conf
A: /etc/syslog.conf
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: You have decided to use an application that will send a text message to your smartphone every time one of your network’s core routers or switches experiences an event that the system considers an emergency. All switches and routers run Cisco IOS. The application will alert you about events identified with which of the following severity levels?
- 0
- 1
- 5
- 7
A: 0
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: The routine that collects management information on a device is also known as:
- An agent
- A poll
- A managed device
- A MIB
A: An agent
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: Which of the following require(s) authentication between an agent and network management console?
- SNMPv1
- SNMPv2
- SNMPv3
- All of the above
A: SNMPv3
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: Maintaining records of each time a switch interface fails is part of which of the following practices?
- Asset management
- Change management
- Fault management
- Configuration management
A: Fault management
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: A technician suspects that a virus has been introduced on the network. Which network resource is BEST used to confirm this problem?
- Syslog
- SNMP
- Network sniffer
- Environmental monitor
A: Network sniffer
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: You have created a new Web server on a computer running the Linux operating system and Apache Web server software. Which of the following programs will generate messages when modules don’t load correctly or services encounter errors?
- Event Viewer
- IDS/IPS
- Packet Sniffer
- Network Monitor
- Syslog
A: Syslog
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: You are the network administrator for a large college whose network contains nearly 10,000 workstations,  over  100  routers,  80  switches,  and  2000  printers.  You  are  researching  a proposal to both upgrade the routers and switches on your network and at the same time improve the management of your network. What type of protocol should you ensure that the new routers and switches can support in order to more easily automate your network management?
- TFTP
- SMTP
- NNTP
- ICMP
- SNMP
A: SNMP
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: What element of network management systems operates on a managed device, such as a router?
- MIB
- Polling
- Agent
- NMAP
- Caching
A: Agent
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: A regional bank manager asks you to help with an urgent network problem. Because of a sudden and severe network performance decline, the manager worries that the bank’s network might be suffering a DoS attack. Viewing which of the following types of network documentation would probably give you the quickest insight into what’s causing this problem?
- Wiring schematic
- Firewall log
- Logical network diagram
- The main file server’s system log
- Physical network diagram
A: Firewall log
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: You have been asked to help improve network performance on a store’s small office network, which relies on two hubs, two access points, and a router to connect its 18 employees to the Internet and other store locations. You decide to determine what type of traffic the network currently handles. In particular, you’re interested in the volume of unnecessary broadcast traffic that might be bogging down shared segments. Which of the following tools will help you identify the percentage of traffic that comprises broadcasts?
- Butt set
- OTDR
- Protocol analyzer
- Multimeter
- Cable tester
A: Protocol analyzer
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: You are helping to troubleshoot a recurring problem related to obtaining and keeping a DHCP-distributed IP address on a colleague’s Windows workstation. What application would allow you to configure the workstation to tally these errors and send you an e-mail message every time such a problem occurred?
- Network and Internet Connections
- System Logger
- PuTTY
- System Manager
- Event Viewer
A: Event Viewer
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: Network port scanners are used by which of the following users:
- Network technicians
- Hackers
- Security experts
- All of the above
A: All of the above
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: The printer isn’t connecting to the server on login.  What can you use to find the problem?
- Server monitor
- Network monitor
- Crossover cable
- Server logs
A: Server logs
If right: Objective 4.4
If wrong: Objective 4.4

Q: A ____ system is a process or program that provides support personnel with a centralized means of documenting changes to the network.
- release management
- asset management
- change document
- change management
A: change management
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: The more data you gather while establishing your network’s baseline, the less accurate your prediction will be.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: The first step in configuration management is to take an inventory of each node on the network.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: A patch is a replacement for an entire software package.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: For a cabling upgrade, the best way to ensure that future upgrades go smoothly is to carefully document the existing cable after making any upgrades.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: ____ management is the collection, storage, and assessment of information related to the versions of software installed on every network device and every device’s hardware configuration.
- Change
- Performance
- Asset
- Configuration
A: Configuration
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: A(n) ____ is a graphical representation of a network’s devices and connections.
- Multi Router Traffic Grapher
- network diagram
- wiring schematic
- event viewer
A: network diagram
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: A(n) ____ is a graphical representation of a network’s wired infrastructure.
- Multi Router Traffic Grapher
- network diagram
- wiring schematic
- event viewer
A: wiring schematic
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: A key component in managing networks is identifying and tracking its hardware and software through ____ management.
- performance
- change
- configuration
- asset
A: asset
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: A ____ is a correction, improvement, or enhancement to a software application.
- revision
- change
- patch
- software upgrade
A: patch
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: A ____ is a major change to a software package’s existing code.
- revision
- change
- patch
- software upgrade
A: software upgrade
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: ____ upgrades typically overwrite some system files on the workstation, so their installation may affect other applications adversely.
- Principle
- Application
- Patch
- Full
A: Application
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: The most critical type of software upgrade you will perform is an upgrade to your ____.
- database
- application
- NOS
- backbone
A: NOS
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: The process of reverting to a previous version of software after attempting to upgrade it is known as ____.
- backleveling
- reverse engineering
- downgrading
- change back
A: backleveling
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: A networked ____ is perhaps the simplest device to add.
- workstation
- hub
- printer
- server
A: workstation
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: Above all, keep ____ in mind when you upgrade or install hardware on a network.
- user inconvenience
- time
- costs
- safety
A: safety
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: The most comprehensive and complex upgrade involving network hardware is a ____ upgrade.
- cabling
- printer
- NOS
- backbone
A: backbone
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: Because backbone upgrades are expensive and time consuming, the first step in approaching such a project is to ____ it.
- research
- justify
- plan
- document
A: justify
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: ____________________ refers to the assessment, monitoring, and maintenance of all aspects of a network.
A: Network management
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: A(n) ____________________ is a report of the network’s current state of operation.
A: baseline
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: Which of the following is an example of asset management on a client/server network?
- Ensuring that sensitive data is secured from unauthorized access
- Assessing the peak activity times on a server and ensuring extra processing power is available at those times
- Backing up critical data files on a regular basis
- Determining how many handheld computers are in a company’s warehouse
A: Determining how many handheld computers are in a company’s warehouse
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: Which of the following practices creates a starting point for ongoing evaluation of your network's health?
- Configuration management
- Asset management
- Fault management
- Baselining
A: Baselining
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: Suppose you learned that half of the patch cables that connect a workgroup of computers in the Accounting Department to a patch panel needed to be replaced due to concerns about faulty manufacturing. Which of the following types of documentation would help you identify these patch cables?
- Event log
- Baseline
- Wiring schematic
- Syslog
A: Wiring schematic
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: You have researched a new type of switch and proved that upgrading your switches to this model is feasible. What is the next step you take before replacing your old switches?
- Evaluate the new switch on a pilot network that mimics your network environment.
- Inform users that a major network change is pending.
- Back up the configurations of your existing switches.
- Schedule a time for the switch upgrade that's least disruptive to users.
A: Evaluate the new switch on a pilot network that mimics your network environment.
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: You suspect that one of your network's two redundant core switches has a NIC or cable that's experiencing transmission problems. Supposing you never obtained a baseline for traffic on this switch, which of the following measurements would help you verify your suspicion?
- % processor utilization on the affected switch over a week
- Total bits per second traveling through the affected switch, compared to total bits per second traveling through the redundant switch
- % RAM utilization on the affected switch over a week
- Average daily traffic on the affected switch
A: Total bits per second traveling through the affected switch, compared to total bits per second traveling through the redundant switch
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: Suppose you work for a financial institution that wants to make sure its clients can log on and review their accounts no matter how much traffic your WAN is experiencing. On your edge router which of the following criteria will you use to prioritize traffic for all HTTPS requests?
- Protocol
- Source IP address
- Source MAC address
- Time of day
A: Protocol
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: An asset management database should include which of the following? (Choose all that apply.)
- Serial number for every server on the network
- User names for every employee who uses the network
- Model number for every router, switch, and access point on the network
- Baseline of average daily traffic for each router, switch, and access point on the network
- Milestones for the network's implementation
A: Serial number for every server on the network; Model number for every router, switch, and access point on the network
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: How does an application patch differ from an upgrade?
- A patch is more comprehensive than an upgrade.
- A patch is designed to make minor corrections or enhancements, whereas an upgrade replaces most, if not all, of the software code.
- A patch is offered by a third-party software vendor, whereas an upgrade is supplied by the software manufacturer itself.
- A patch can be automatically distributed to clients over the network, whereas an upgrade requires a manual installation.
A: A patch is designed to make minor corrections or enhancements, whereas an upgrade replaces most, if not all, of the software code.
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: Under what circumstances should a network administrator inform users of a software change?
- Always
- When the change might affect applications or utilities on which the users rely
- When the change might result in additional network traffic
- When the change might affect how users are added to the system
A: When the change might affect applications or utilities on which the users rely
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: Which of the following systems would store information about the VTP settings for a switch’s interface?
- Change management
- Event log
- Configuration management
- Asset management
A: Configuration management
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: Which of the following is the best way to reverse a network operating system upgrade?
- Reinstall the previous version of the operating system.
- Uninstall the upgrade.
- Remove the upgrade software folder from the server.
- Restore the server's software and configuration from a backup.
A: Restore the server's software and configuration from a backup.
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: Which of the following pieces of information must you collect when establishing a baseline for the performance of a WAN link?
- Last time the link failed
- Average daily traffic traveling over the link
- Users' perceptions of the link's speed
- Distribution of traffic types by Network layer protocol
A: Average daily traffic traveling over the link
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: Your organization is reassessing its WAN connections to determine how much more bandwidth it will need to purchase in the next five years. As a network administrator, which of the following data can you share that will help management make the right decision?
- Wiring schematic
- Logical network diagram
- Syslogs
- Baselines
- Physical network diagram
A: Baselines
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: Which documentation would be most useful to you if you needed to determine where the physical network might be causing issues?
- Baselines
- Physical and logical network diagrams
- Wiring schematics
- Policies and procedures
A: Wiring schematics
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: You are the network administrator for a network with three servers and 50 clients and you have just installed a new anti-virus package.  You have been experience several disk crashes, what would you do to correct this?
- Change out the cabling
- Install patches and updates
- Reload the operating system
- Get new servers
A: Install patches and updates
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: Which documentation would be most useful to you if you needed a high-level view of the physical network and its devices.
- Policies and procedures
- Baselines
- Physical and logical network diagrams
- Wiring schematics
A: Physical and logical network diagrams
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: This intrusion detection type compares the current start of your system to a baseline.
- Behavior-based
- Signature-based
- Anomaly-based
- Bandwidth-based
A: Anomaly-based
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: Which documentation would be most useful to you if you needed to narrow down a problem to a specific device?
- Baselines
- Physical and logical network diagrams
- Wiring schematics
- Policies and procedures
A: Baselines
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: Which documentation would be most useful to you if you needed to determine how to carry out a proposed change in  your network infrastructure?
- Policies and procedures
- Baselines
- Physical and logical network diagrams
- Wiring schematics
A: Policies and procedures
If right: Objective 4.5
If wrong: Objective 4.5

Q: ____ is a measure of how well a network service matches its expected performance.
- QoS
- RSVP
- DiffServ
- MPLS
A: QoS
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: ____________________ is a simple technique that addresses QoS issues by prioritizing traffic.
A: DiffServ (Differentiated Service) / Differentiated Service / DiffServ
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: ____________________ is a QoS technique that replaces the IP datagram header with a label at the first router a data stream encounters.
A: MPLS (multiprotocol label switching) / Multiprotocol label switching / MPLS
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: The goal of fault-tolerant systems is to prevent failures from progressing to faults.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: ____ is intended to eliminate single points of failure.
- Availability
- Redundancy
- Contingency
- Integrity
A: Redundancy
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: A(n) ____ is a deviation from a specified level of system performance for a given period of time.
- fault
- failure
- error
- hoax
A: failure
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: ____ involves manipulating certain characteristics of packets, data streams, or connections to manage the type and amount of traffic traversing a network or interface at any moment.
- Traffic monitoring
- Traffic routing
- Traffic polling
- Traffic shaping
A: Traffic shaping
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: ____ is the local storage of frequently needed files that would otherwise be obtained from an external source.
- Swapping
- Paging
- Caching
- Segmentation
A: Caching
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: The most common type of caching is ____ caching.
- online
- Web
- Internet
- device
A: Web
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: A ____ is a network device devoted to storage and delivery of frequently requested files.
- cache engine
- Web site host
- server
- database host
A: cache engine
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: ____________________ holds down costs because the ISP doesn’t have to plan for every client using all the throughput he could at all times
A: Traffic policing
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: What field in an IPv4 packet can be used to indicate that a packet should be routed before any other packets?
- Flags field
- Identification field
- Differentiated Services field
- Fragment offset field
A: Differentiated Services field
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: Which of the following percentages represents the highest availability?
- 99.99%
- 0.001%
- 99%
- 0.10%
A: 99.99%
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: Which of the following commands allows you to determine how long your Linux server has been running continuously?
- show runtime
- ifconfig up
- uptime
- ifconfig avail
A: uptime
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: You have outsourced your VoIP services to a provider that promises 99.99% uptime. However, one day your IP telephone service is unavailable for a ½  hour. If this turns out to be the service’s average downtime per month, what is its actual uptime?
- 99.96%
- 99.93%
- 99.90%
- 98.99%
A: 99.93%
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: What makes SONET a highly fault-tolerant technology?
- It requires high-speed backup lines for every connectivity device.
- It connects customers with multiple network service providers.
- It uses single-mode, rather than multimode, fiber-optic cable.
- It uses dual fiber-optic rings to connect nodes.
A: It uses dual fiber-optic rings to connect nodes.
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: Suppose you want to use redundant firewalls on your WAN link. Which of the following protocols would allow you to make both firewalls respond to requests for the same IP address?
- SMTP
- CARP
- DHCP
- NTP
A: CARP
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: Which of the following techniques could be used to prevent clients from downloading more than 50 GB of data per day through a given network interface?
- Caching
- Load balancing
- Traffic policing
- Clustering
A: Traffic policing
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: Your organization contracts with a cloud computing company to store all of its data. The company promises 99.99% uptime. If it lives up to its claims, for how many minutes each year can you expect your data to be unavailable?
- Approximately 448 minutes
- Approximately 99 minutes
- Approximately 52 minutes
- Approximately 14 minutes
- Approximately 6 minutes
A: Approximately 52 minutes
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: To ensure that your private network is always protected, you decide to install three redundant firewalls. Which of the following would allow you to assign the same IP address to all three?
- SMTP
- CARP
- SNMPv3
- IMAP
- NTP
A: CARP
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: Which of the following WAN topologies is the most fault tolerant?
- Full mesh
- Bus
- Peer-to-peer
- Ring
- Hierarchical
A: Full mesh
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: You are configuring a connection between two backbone switches, and you want to make sure the connection doesn’t fail or become overwhelmed by heavy traffic. Which of the following techniques would help you achieve both aims?
- Round-robin DNS
- CARP
- Clustering
- Trunking
- NIC teaming
A: NIC teaming
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: How does RSVP help improve QoS?
- It assigns a label to each IP datagram that will be read and modified by every router in the data’s path.
- It continually assesses the status of likely routes in the transmission’s path and dynamically modifies IP datagrams as they’re issued with instructions for following the best path.
- It modifies the Priority field in each IP datagram so that high-bandwidth applications are given precedence over low-bandwidth applications.
- It establishes a path between the sender and receiver that is guaranteed to supply sufficient bandwidth for the transmission.
A: It establishes a path between the sender and receiver that is guaranteed to supply sufficient bandwidth for the transmission.
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: On a VoIP network that uses the DiffServ QoS technique, which of the following makes certain that a router forwards packets within a given time period?
- Assured Forwarding
- Superior Forwarding
- Expedited Forwarding
- Best-effort Forwarding
A: Expedited Forwarding
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: How does DiffServ help improve QoS?
- It assigns a label to each IP datagram that will be read and modified by every router in the data’s path.
- It continually assesses the status of likely routes in the transmission’s path and dynamically modifies IP datagrams as they’re issued with instructions for following the best path.
- It modifies the Priority field in each IP datagram so that high-bandwidth applications are given precedence over low-bandwidth applications.
- It establishes a path between the sender and receiver that is guaranteed to supply sufficient bandwidth for the transmission.
A: It modifies the Priority field in each IP datagram so that high-bandwidth applications are given precedence over low-bandwidth applications.
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: The Traffic Class field in an IPv6 datagram serves the same function as which of the following fields in an IPv4 datagram?
- TTL
- DiffServ
- RSVP
- Padding
A: DiffServ
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: How does MPLS help improve QoS?
- It assigns a label to each IP datagram that will be read and modified by every router in the data’s path.
- It continually assesses the status of likely routes in the transmission’s path and dynamically modifies IP datagrams as they’re issued with instructions for following the best path.
- It modifies the Priority field in each IP datagram so that high-bandwidth applications are given precedence over low-bandwidth applications.
- It establishes a path between the sender and receiver that is guaranteed to supply sufficient bandwidth for the transmission.
A: It assigns a label to each IP datagram that will be read and modified by every router in the data’s path.
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: On a VoIP network that uses the DiffServ QoS technique, which of the following prioritizes traffic, but makes no guarantees that a router forward packets within a given time period?
- Assured Forwarding
- Superior Forwarding
- Expedited Forwarding
- Best-effort Forwarding
A: Assured Forwarding
If right: Objective 4.6
If wrong: Objective 4.6

Q: Generators provide surge protection.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: Power that is free from noise is called “____” power.
- clear
- clean
- filtered
- white
A: clean
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: A(n) ____ UPS uses the A/C power from the wall outlet to continuously charge its battery, while providing power to a network device through its battery.
- standby
- offline
- offsite
- online
A: online
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: Mesh topologies and ____ topologies are good choices for highly available enterprise networks.
- star
- SONET ring
- bus
- ring
A: SONET ring
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: ____ is an automatic distribution of traffic over multiple links or processors is used to optimize response.
- Redundancy
- Failover
- RAID
- Load balancing
A: Load balancing
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: ____  is a fault-tolerance technique that links multiple servers together to act as a single server.
- Clustering
- Grouping
- Mirroring
- Duplicating
A: Clustering
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: ____ Web sites are locations on the Internet that dynamically duplicate other locations on the Internet, to ensure their continual availability.
- Clustered
- Mirrored
- Grouped
- Shared
A: Mirrored
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: A group of hard disks is called a ____.
- RAID group
- disk volume
- disk array
- disk partition
A: disk array
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: ____ is a specialized storage device or group of storage devices that provides centralized fault-tolerant data storage for a network.
- NAS
- RAID
- SANs
- Optical media
A: NAS
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: ____ are distinct networks of storage devices that communicate directly with each other and with other networks.
- NAS
- RAID
- SANs
- Optical media
A: SANs
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: ____ is a type of media capable of storing digitized data and that uses a laser to write data to it and read data from it.
- Tape backup media
- Optical media
- Fiber optic media
- USB
A: Optical media
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: An archive ____ is a file attribute that can be checked or to indicate whether the file must be archived.
- bit
- byte
- word
- field
A: bit
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: A(n) ____________________ is a battery-operated power source directly attached to one or more devices and to a power supply (such as a wall outlet) that prevents undesired features of the wall outlet’s A/C power from harming the device or interrupting its services.
A: UPS (uninterruptible power supply) / Uninterruptible power supply / UPS
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: ____________________ refers to a collection of disks that provide fault tolerance for shared data and applications.
A: RAID (Redundant Array of Independent [or Inexpensive] Disks) / Redundant Array of Independent [or Inexpensive] Disks / RAID
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: A(n) ____________________ is a copy of data or program files created for archiving or safekeeping.
A: backup
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: ____________________ is the process of restoring your critical functionality and data after an enterprise-wide outage that affects more than a single system or a limited group of users.
A: Disaster recovery
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: Which of the following power flaws has the ability to render your server's main circuit board unusable, even after power returns to normal?
- Surge
- Brownout
- Blackout
- Sag
A: Surge
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: Approximately how long will an online UPS take to switch its attached devices to battery power?
- 1 minute
- 30 seconds
- 5 seconds
- No time
A: No time
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: When purchasing a UPS, you have to match the power needs of your system according to what unit of measure?
- Hertz
- Volt-amps
- Watts
- Mbps or Gbps
A: Volt-amps
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: Which of the following can be considered an advantage of clustering servers over mirroring servers?
- Clustering does not affect network performance.
- Clustering keeps a more complete copy of a disk's data.
- Clustering failover takes place more rapidly.
- Clustering has no geographical distance limitations.
A: Clustering failover takes place more rapidly.
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: Which of the following offers the highest fault tolerance for shared data and programs?
- RAID
- Bonding
- SANs (storage area networks)
- NAS (network area storage) devices
A: SANs (storage area networks)
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: Why do SANs save and retrieve files faster than NAS devices?
- They use a proprietary network transmission method, rather than Ethernet.
- They save files with similar characteristics in the same place on a drive.
- They rely on customized Network and Transport layer protocols.
- They save only the parts of files that were changed, rather than the file's entire contents.
A: They use a proprietary network transmission method, rather than Ethernet.
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: Suppose you are the network manager for an ISP whose network contains five file servers that use software RAID, a NAS installation, and a SAN. You learn that the company is taking on a huge Web hosting client and you need to add 10 TB of storage space as soon as possible. To what part of the network should you add the storage so that it causes the least disruption to the existing network?
- To one of the server's RAID arrays
- To all of the servers' RAID arrays
- To the NAS
- To the SAN
A: To the SAN
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: Which factor must you consider when using cloud backups that you don't typically have to consider when backing up to an external storage device?
- Number of clients attached to the network
- Security
- Future accessibility of data
- Time to recover
A: Security
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: In a Grandfather-Father-Son backup scheme, the October—week 1—Thursday backup tape would contain what type of files?
- Files changed since the previous Thursday
- Files changed since a month ago Thursday
- Files changed since Wednesday (a day before)
- Files changed since the previous Wednesday
A: Files changed since Wednesday (a day before)
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: In the Grandfather-Father-Son backup scheme, how frequently is a full backup performed? (Choose all that apply.)
- Daily
- Twice a week
- Weekly
- Every other week
- Monthly
A: Weekly; Monthly
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: What is the difference between an incremental backup and a differential backup?
- An incremental backup saves all the files on a disk, whereas a differential backup saves only the files that have changed since the previous backup.
- An incremental backup requires the network administrator to choose which files should be backed up, whereas a differential backup automatically saves files that have changed since the previous backup.
- An incremental backup saves all files that haven't been backed up since a defined date, whereas a differential backup saves all files whose archive bit is set.
- An incremental backup resets the archive bit after backing up files, whereas a differential backup does not.
A: An incremental backup resets the archive bit after backing up files, whereas a differential backup does not.
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: You have been charged with creating a disaster recovery contingency plan for the federal benefits agency where you work. Your supervisor has said that the network must have the highest availability possible, no matter what the cost. Which type of disaster recovery site do you recommend?
- Cold site
- Cool site
- Warm site
- Hot site
A: Hot site
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: A place where the computers, devices, and connectivity necessary to rebuild a network exist, but they are not appropriately configured, updated, or connected. is a _____________.
- cold site
- cool site
- warm site
- hot site
A: cold site
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7

Q: A place where the computers, devices, and connectivity necessary to rebuild a network exist, with some appropriately configured, updated, or connected is a ___________.
- hot site
- tepid site
- cold site
- warm site
A: warm site
If right: Objective 4.7
If wrong: Objective 4.7