Title: Unit 9 Quiz
Course: BIS 205 Field Ecology - Copy > Section: BIS 205 Field Ecology - Copy

Q: Acacias that host mutualistic ants provide which of the following benefits to the ants?
- Swollen thorns that host the any colony
- Foliar nectaries
- Floral nectaries
- Both swollen thorns for the ant colony and foliar nectaries
- All of the above
A: Both swollen thorns for the ant colony and foliar nectaries

Q: Modified leaflet tips of bullshorn acacia that provide a food source for ants are called [_____].
A: beltian bodies

Q: Cleaner wrasse and the citrus ant are examples of what ecological concept?
- Indirect commensalism
- Apparent competition
- Predators that can aid in controlling pests
- Foundational species
- Invasive species that disrupt natural communities
A: Predators that can aid in controlling pests

Q: Mycorrhizal fungi benefit in their association with plants due to
- obtaining soil nutrients.
- obtaining sugar.
- pollination.
- elimination of competitors.
- increased water availability
A: obtaining sugar.

Q: The Boran people of Kenya and honeyguide birds have what type of relationship?
- Obligate mutualism
- Facultative
- Commensalism
- Competition
- Ammensalism
A: Facultative

Q: Robert Paine's well known studies of intertidal communities on Washington's coastline found the main limiting resource to be
- nitrogen
- plankton
- light
- space
- water
A: space

Q: Keeler's cost benefit model predicts aspen sunflowers (Helianthella quinquenervis) in shady habitats should invest less in attracting ants than plants in sunny locations.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: A keystone species in the intertidal community of Washington's coastline is
- Pisaster
- Balanus glandula
- Mytilus californianus
- Thais
- Pollicipes polymerus
A: Pisaster

Q: Keystone species
- are frequent in terrestrial habitats but rare in aquatic habitats
- are frequent in aquatic habitats, but rare in terrestrial habitats
- are common in both terrestrial and aquatic habitats
- must be at the bottom of a food web to impact all the other species
- only occur when a species has no predators
A: are common in both terrestrial and aquatic habitats

Q: Give an example of a keystone species and describe its impact on the environment.

Q: In Jane Lubchenko's tidepool studies, she found when the herbivorous snail Littorina was present Chondrus became more abundant and Enteromorpha population decreased because
- Littorina preys upon predators of Chondrus
- Chondrus always outcompetes Enteromorpha
- Enteromorpha is more palatable to Littorina than Chondrus
- Littorina competes with Enteromorpha for food
A: Enteromorpha is more palatable to Littorina than Chondrus

Q: [_____] mutualism occurs when two species are so dependent on one another they cannot survive in the absence of the other species.
A: Obligate

Q: The two most common types of mutualistic mycorrhizal fungi are (pick two)
- cyanobacteria
- arbuscular
- zooxanthellae
- ectomycorrhizae
- extrafloral nectaries
A: arbuscular; ectomycorrhizae

Q: Plants benefit from mycorrhizal associations due to
- being pollinated.
- seed dispersal.
- obtaining soil nutrients.
- obtaining sugar.
- reduced competition.
A: obtaining soil nutrients.

Q: An interaction between two species in which one species is benefitted and the other is not positively or negatively impacted is known as [_____].
A: commensalism

Q: Johnson's work with Andropogon found nutrient poor soils should favor mycorrhizal fungi
- that are less aggressive at obtaining sugars from their host.
- that are more aggressive at obtaining sugars from their host.
- that are more efficient at obtaining inorganic soil nutrients.
- that are more efficient at obtaining sugars from the soil.
- that are more efficient at obtaining water from the soil.
A: that are less aggressive at obtaining sugars from their host.

Q: When the activities of one species has an impact on an intermediate species that benefits a third species without any beneficial or harmful impact on itself is called
- indirect commensalism
- apparent competition
- facultative mutualism
- ammensalism
- keystone species
A: indirect commensalism

Q: When one species facilitates the population of a predator on a second species, it is known as
- dominant species
- keystone species
- commensalism
- mutualism
- apparent competition
A: apparent competition

Q: The primary benefit Zooxanthellae algae receive from their coral hosts is
- nitrogen from coral wastes
- carbon from carbon fixation
- phosphorus from coral wastes
- temperature regulation
- protection from herbivores
A: nitrogen from coral wastes