Title: Unit 11 Quiz
Course: BIS 205 Field Ecology - Copy > Section: BIS 205 Field Ecology - Copy

Q: Actual Annual Evapotranspiration is positively correlated with net primary productivity in terrestrial environments.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Primary productivity in aquatic environments is mainly limited by
- light
- temperature
- nutrients
- keystone species
- none of the above
A: nutrients

Q: Using ^13C, researchers identified corn became a large portion of the Native American human diet how long ago?
- 50 years ago
- 100 years ago
- 500 years ago
- 1000 years ago
- 2000 years ago
A: 1000 years ago

Q: Ecological efficiency typically falls within which range?
- 0-5%
- 5-20%
- 20-50%
- 50-75%
- >75%
A: 5-20%

Q: Actual evapotranspiration for an ecosystem refers to
- water that evaporates from the soil
- water that evaporates from plants, known as transpiration
- the amount of water taken up from the soil by plants
- water that evaporates from the soil and is lost from plants through transpiration
- water that evaporates from lakes, ponds, streams, and rivers
A: water that evaporates from the soil and is lost from plants through transpiration

Q: Jepsen and Winemiller used stable isotopes to study tropical river food webs. In particular, they use which stable isotope element to classify fish as herbivores, detritivores, omnivores, or piscivores?
- nitrogen
- oxygen
- carbon
- phosphorus
- hydrogen
A: nitrogen

Q: Studies in the Serengeti found which grazing intensity resulted in the greatest primary production?
- No grazing allowed
- Low-intensity grazing
- Intermediate-intensity grazing
- High-intensity grazing
A: Intermediate-intensity grazing

Q: The largest pool of available energy by biomass in the Hubbard Brook forest ecosystem is
- dead plant tissue
- living plant tissue
- invertebrate herbivores
- vertebrate herbivores
- vertebrate carnivores
A: dead plant tissue

Q: Carpenter and Kitchell's manipulation of a lake food web by introducing large numbers of largemouth bass resulted in
- decreased grazing on phytoplankton by zooplankton.
- increased grazing on phytoplankton by zooplankton.
- increased biomass of planktivorous fish.
- increased predation on zooplankton by fish.
- no significant change to the food web.
A: increased grazing on phytoplankton by zooplankton.

Q: Leibig's "Law of the Minimum" states
- primary production is often limited by a single soil nutrient
- primary production is limited nearly entirely by climate
- the most primary production is observed at the lowest trophic level
- the highest primary production is observed in areas with the highest temperatures
- the least primary production occurs at the lowest trophic level
A: primary production is often limited by a single soil nutrient

Q: Net primary production (NPP) is the photosynthetic production minus
- loses due to photosynthesis inefficiencies
- dead plant biomass
- respiration from producers
- respiration from consumers
- sunlight energy not captured by producers
A: respiration from producers

Q: Primary production is greatest in the oceans far away from proximity to terrestrial environments.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Terrestrial ecosystems with the highest primary productivity tend to be
- warm and dry.
- warm and moist.
- cold and dry.
- cold and moist.
- intermediate for temperature and moisture.
A: warm and moist.

Q: Compare and contrast top-down and bottom-up trophic cascades. What factor is most important to produce each outcome?

Q: The number of trophic levels in an ecosystem is limited by
- the gain of energy with each conversion between trophic levels.
- the loss of energy with each conversion between trophic level
- the abundance of tertiary consumers.
- the rate at which organisms can process energy within an ecosystem.
- the rate at which carnivores consume herbivores.
A: the loss of energy with each conversion between trophic level