Title: Final Exam
Course: Allied Health Assistant (Phlebotomy) > Section: Module 11

Q: The function of the leukocyte is to:
- carry oxygen
- carry nutrients
- fight infection
- stop bleeding
A: fight infection

Q: To demonstrate competency, a phlebotomist must verify the ability to collect blood samples from what age group?
- adults
- young adults and geriatrics
- all age groups
- Verification is not necessary.
A: all age groups

Q: A phlebotomist is requested to draw an unconscious patient. The patient’s name and identification number on the armband agree with the information on the request form and computer labels. What else should be done to ensure patient identification?
- Attempt to awaken the patient for verbal verification of identity.
- Attempt to find the patient’s name on some other item in the room.
- Nothing else is necessary.
- Get verification from a relative or nurse about the patient’s identity.
A: Nothing else is necessary.

Q: Which of the following statements concerning bleeding time testing is true?
- You should touch the drop of blood only with the filter paper.
- A stopwatch should be started at the same time as the puncture is made.
- It is used to assess platelet function.
- all of the above
A: all of the above

Q: When serum is needed for testing, which tube listed should be used?
- light blue
- green
- lavender
- red
A: red

Q: The formed elements make up about ____ percent of the whole blood volume.
- 30
- 45
- 55
- 60
A: 45

Q: Which laboratory employee has the most education and is usually a consultant to other physicians?
- pathologist
- MLS, medical laboratory scientist
- MLT, medical laboratory technician
- CLA, clinical laboratory assistant
A: pathologist

Q: The buffy coat consists of:
- erythrocytes and leukocytes
- leukocytes only
- leukocytes and thrombocytes
- leukocytes and plasma
A: leukocytes and thrombocytes

Q: In general, a syringe is used when drawing specimens and/or patients, EXCEPT for:
- arterial blood gases
- persons with fragile vein walls
- persons with rolly veins
- requests for multiple testing, requiring different anticoagulants and multiple tubes
A: requests for multiple testing, requiring different anticoagulants and multiple tubes

Q: According to Standard Precautions, blood and body fluids from which group are considered biohazardous?
- IV drug users
- homosexuals
- HIV-positive patients
- all blood and body fluids
A: all blood and body fluids

Q: Unconscious postures, gestures, and facial expressions are known as:
- calisthenics
- kinesics
- cogitative
- objective
A: kinesics

Q: If the tourniquet is applied for longer than 1 minute, which of the following analytes will be elevated and will continue to increase the longer the tourniquet is applied?
- glucose
- blood urea nitrogen
- potassium
- creatinine
A: potassium

Q: You cannot perform a venipuncture successfully after two attempts. You should:
- try at least two more times
- notify the patient’s physician
- ask another phlebotomist to try
- request the rest of the day off
A: ask another phlebotomist to try

Q: The tricuspid and bicuspid valves are associated with the:
- heart
- liver
- spleen
- stomach
A: heart

Q: The system responsible for body movement is:
- nervous
- circulatory
- lymphatic
- muscle
A: muscle

Q: A conscious patient does not have an identification armband. The name on the water jug and room number on the door agree with the information on the request. What should the phlebotomist do?
- Ask the patient for verbal verification of his or her name.
- Draw the patient and take the sample to the lab.
- Do not draw the patient until an armband has been applied.
- Draw the patient and then ask the nurse to identify the patient.
A: Do not draw the patient until an armband has been applied.

Q: An associate is hired as a phlebotomist and completes the initial training and competency certification. When will the next competency certification be needed?
- 6 months
- 1 year
- 2 years
- never
A: 6 months

Q: The name given to an infection that a patient acquires 48 hours or more after admission to a hospital is:
- hospital acquired (nosocomial)
- antibiotic resistant
- communicable
- HBV vaccine
A: hospital acquired (nosocomial)

Q: Glycolysis occurring in a tube of unseparated blood will cause:
- a decrease in serum glucose concentration
- an increase in serum glucose concentration
- binding of serum glucose
- no change in the serum glucose concentration
A: a decrease in serum glucose concentration

Q: What laboratory department tests a type and cross-match?
- chemistry
- cytology
- immunohematology
- microbiology
A: immunohematology

Q: What is the best technique the phlebotomist can use for a safe and successful venipuncture?
- parents leave the room
- patience and understanding
- a strong person holds the child
- call the physician
A: patience and understanding

Q: Children understand illness in different ways. What age group would have the greatest stress because of separations from caregivers and a change in the home routine?
- the first 2 years
- ages 2 to 6
- ages 6 to 9
- ages 10 and above
A: the first 2 years

Q: 10 mL is the same as:
- 1 liter
- 10 decimeters
- 10 cc
- none of the above
A: 10 cc

Q: To achieve quality customer service, the phlebotomist must meet what customer needs?
- know the customer by name, determine the tests needed by the customer, know who the patient’s physician is
- know what the customer wants, determine the level of service received, and take action to satisfy the customer
- know what the customer’s insurance will pay for, keep the patient from waiting too long, say as little as possible to the patient
A: know what the customer wants, determine the level of service received, and take action to satisfy the customer

Q: The common needle gauges used for drawing blood with an evacuated system are:
- 10, 12, or 14 gauge
- 16, 17, or 18 gauge
- 20, 21, or 22 gauge
- 24, 25, or 26 gauge
A: 20, 21, or 22 gauge

Q: In what order should a serum (SST) tube, a green tube, light blue tube and a lavender tube be filled from a syringe?
- serum, lavender, light blue and green
- light blue, serum, lavender and green
- green, light blue, serum and lavender
- light blue, serum, green and lavender
A: light blue, serum, green and lavender

Q: An arterial puncture site is more likely to bleed because:
- arterial blood does not clot as fast as venous blood
- arterial blood has a high oxygen content
- arteries have higher pressures than veins
- none of the above
A: arteries have higher pressures than veins

Q: The most critical step in phlebotomy is:
- cleansing the site
- patient identification
- proper needle length
- using the correct tube
A: patient identification

Q: A test performed after a meal is called:
- post test
- peak test
- postprandial
- NPO
A: postprandial

Q: When coming into contact with patients under airborne precautions, it is necessary to wear:
- a mask
- gloves
- a gown
- A and B
A: A and B

Q: Of the three situations listed, which one is compliant with the Antikickback Law?
- furnishing a computer for the physician’s office to keep his office records on
- leasing space in the physician’s office, with the physician using half the space for the office manager’s office
- furnishing the physician with the blood collection tubes that are returned to the furnishing laboratory for testing
A: furnishing the physician with the blood collection tubes that are returned to the furnishing laboratory for testing

Q: What hospital department performs dialysis on patients?
- oncology
- orthopedic
- nephrology
- neonatal
A: nephrology

Q: When the body systems work together to form a steady state, it is referred to as:
- anabolism
- homeostasis
- metabolism
- catabolism
A: homeostasis

Q: Which is a barrier to communication?
- The patient has a hearing impairment.
- The patient is unconscious.
- The patient is unable to speak English.
- all of the above
A: all of the above

Q: Anatomy is the study of the:
- shape and structure of the body
- function of a body part
- formation of a body part
- formation of red blood cells
A: shape and structure of the body

Q: All of the following are vaccine-preventable diseases EXCEPT:
- AIDS
- hepatitis B
- polio
- mumps
A: AIDS

Q: When a patient has had a mastectomy, venipuncture should be avoided on the affected side because the:
- patient may be embarrassed
- patient is more susceptible to infection
- venipuncture is more painful
- It is acceptable to collect blood from either arm.
A: patient is more susceptible to infection

Q: Through which size needle will blood flow the fastest?
- 20
- 21
- 22
- 23
A: 20

Q: An unconscious, unidentified man is admitted to an emergency trauma center. What would be the system of choice to ensure patient identification?
- Assign a name to the patient, such as John Doe, and use that name for identification.
- Assign a number to the patient until the patient can be identified.
- Wait to process any samples until the patient can be identified.
- Use a three-part identification system that utilizes a temporary armband and labels for specimens and blood to be transfused.
A: Use a three-part identification system that utilizes a temporary armband and labels for specimens and blood to be transfused.

Q: Which statement best summarizes the quality of blood samples?
- Phlebotomy technique is not critical to test results.
- Sample handling has no effect on the laboratory results.
- Samples of low quality can produce inaccurate and potentially dangerous results.
- The laboratory will detect any problem with specimens.
A: Samples of low quality can produce inaccurate and potentially dangerous results.

Q: Which arteries are least suitable for drawing blood gases?
- radial
- brachial
- femoral
- ulnar
A: femoral

Q: Venipuncture is usually performed in the antecubital area. Which vein is usually the best to draw from?
- cephalic
- basilic
- median cubital
- none of the above
A: median cubital

Q: The idea of moving the child’s attention from the procedure to something else is called:
- coping
- distraction
- restraining
- pain management
A: distraction

Q: At what age does a child start to understand the mechanics of health and how procedures help lead to a cure?
- the first 2 years
- ages 2 to 6
- ages 6 to 9
- ages 10 and above
A: ages 6 to 9

Q: The anticoagulant preferred for hematology testing is:
- citrate
- EDTA
- fluoride
- heparin
A: EDTA

Q: What is the best way to restrain a child?
- parent or caregiver holds the child
- papoose board
- drugs
- cloth belt
A: parent or caregiver holds the child

Q: Where in a hospital would you find a patient with broken bones?
- orthopedics
- obstetrics
- nephrology
- neonatal
A: orthopedics

Q: The phlebotomist who tends to smooth over a conflict is known as a(n):
- accommodator
- collaborator
- controller
A: accommodator

Q: To fill an evacuated tube with blood from a syringe, the phlebotomist should:
- puncture the diaphragm of the stoppered tube with the needle and push the blood quickly into the tube with the plunger of the syringe.
- remove the stopper of the tube and carefully pour the blood into the tube, after removing the needle from the syringe
- use a transfer device by removing the syringe needle after the safety shield has been engaged and then attaching the syringe to the transfer device for filling the evacuated tubes
- remove the stopper of the tube, and push the blood into the tube with the  syringe needle still on the syringe
A: use a transfer device by removing the syringe needle after the safety shield has been engaged and then attaching the syringe to the transfer device for filling the evacuated tubes

Q: The anticoagulant heparin is used for blood gases and other chemistry tests. It works by:
- binding calcium ions
- preventing the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
- preventing the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin
- activating tissue thromboplastin
A: preventing the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

Q: Preexamination errors are variables that occur to a sample before the sample is tested. The type of error caused by a patient would be:
- the patient eating a candy bar when the test is supposed to be fasting
- the phlebotomist putting the incorrect name on the tube of blood
- the tube breaking in transport
- the sample not being put on ice when cooling of the specimen is required
A: the patient eating a candy bar when the test is supposed to be fasting

Q: An unexpected occurrence in a health care facility that involves death or serious psychological injury is a(n):
- earth-shattering occurrence
- standard operating procedure
- sentinel event
- quality event
A: sentinel event

Q: Which is a quality assurance plan that not only aims to meet minimum standards, but also seeks to constantly improve performance?
- quality control
- proficiency testing
- continuous quality improvement
- none of the above
A: continuous quality improvement

Q: Which type of muscle makes up the muscles of the body?
- cardiac
- skeletal
- smooth
- all of the above
A: all of the above

Q: What hospital department cares for newborn infants?
- oncology
- orthopedic
- nephrology
- neonatal
A: neonatal

Q: Blood flows from the right atrium into the right ventricle. From this point, it is pumped through the:
- aorta to the rest of the body
- pulmonary artery to the lungs
- pulmonary artery to the rest of the body
- pulmonary vein to the lungs
A: pulmonary artery to the lungs

Q: Therapeutic phlebotomy is performed as a treatment for patients with:
- diabetes mellitus
- hepatitis
- lymphocytic leukemia
- polycythemia vera
A: polycythemia vera

Q: The axial skeleton is responsible or located in
- an anchor for muscles
- bones in the foot
- bones in the arm
- protection to parts of the body
A: protection to parts of the body

Q: Warming the skin puncture site:
- increases the blood flow through the arterioles and capillaries sevenfold
- results in hemolysis of the blood sample
- should be performed with a hot towel (100 degrees Celsius)
- should not be done routinely because it will alter the chemical values in the blood
A: increases the blood flow through the arterioles and capillaries sevenfold

Q: Once an arterial blood sample is obtained, the puncture site should have pressure held for at least:
- 1 minute
- 5 minutes
- 30 minutes
- 60 minutes
A: 5 minutes

Q: Protecting a sample from light is best done by:
- placing the sample in an amber-colored tube
- All tubes protect the sample from light.
- wrapping aluminum foil around the sample
- both A and C
A: both A and C

Q: Citrate tubes must be within ____ percent of full to give accurate results.
- 10
- 25
- 50
- 75
A: 10

Q: Gloves should be worn:
- during all venipunctures and capillary punctures
- for HIV-positive patients only
- only in cases of isolation
- only when in the laboratory
A: during all venipunctures and capillary punctures

Q: Hypoglycemia is a condition of:
- high blood sugar
- high cholesterol
- low blood sugar
- low cholesterol
A: low blood sugar

Q: Why is the first tube discarded when you are drawing from an indwelling line?
- to remove tissue fluid
- to wipe away any bacterial contamination
- to remove heparin or saline contamination
- to make the blood flow faster
A: to remove heparin or saline contamination

Q: Why must the first drop of blood from a capillary puncture be wiped away?
- to remove tissue fluid
- to wipe away any bacterial contamination
- to remove heparin or saline contamination
- to make the blood flow faster
A: to remove tissue fluid

Q: The study of the function of each body part and how the functions coordinate is called:
- hematology
- chemistry
- physiology
- anatomy
A: physiology

Q: A properly collected 24-hour urine sample:
- starts with the first morning urine sample
- may contain a chemical preservative
- does not include urine voided while defecating
- is collected while the patient is fasting
A: may contain a chemical preservative

Q: The ventricles of the heart are principally responsible for:
- lubrication
- portal circulation
- pumping blood
- receiving blood
A: pumping blood

Q: The hematocrit test is performed in what department of the laboratory?
- hematology
- chemistry
- urinalysis
- microbiology
A: hematology

Q: The process for prepping the puncture site for this procedure is similar to that for an arterial puncture. What is the procedure?
- blood culture collection
- bleeding time
- routine venipuncture
- capillary puncture
A: blood culture collection

Q: The channel for transporting material in and out of the nucleus is the:
- Golgi apparatus
- endoplasmic reticulum
- mitochondria
- lysosomes
A: endoplasmic reticulum

Q: In performing an arterial puncture, you should puncture the artery using a:
- 15-degree angle of insertion with the bevel of the needle facing the hand
- 15-degree angle of insertion with the bevel of the needle facing the elbow
- 45-degree angle of insertion with the bevel of the needle facing the hand
- 45-degree angle of insertion with the bevel of the needle facing the elbow
A: 45-degree angle of insertion with the bevel of the needle facing the elbow

Q: Which would NOT be part of patient satisfaction?
- skill of phlebotomist
- cleanliness of area
- professional appearance
- problems phlebotomist has at home
A: problems phlebotomist has at home

Q: Lymph fluid is also called:
- interstitial
- serum
- plasma
- blood
A: interstitial

Q: Standard Precautions state that if there is a possibility of coming into contact with a patient’s blood, or any other body fluid, you must wear:
- a gown
- goggles
- gloves
- nothing, but wash your hands immediately
A: gloves

Q: Which disease requires the use of respiratory (airborne) precautions?
- hepatitis B
- salmonella
- staphylococcal skin abscess
- tuberculosis
A: tuberculosis

Q: Where does the electrical impulse start in the heart?
- sinoatrial node
- atrioventricular node
- bundle of His
- Purkinje fibers
A: sinoatrial node

Q: Serum is described as lipemic in the presence of increased:
- bilirubin, causing jaundice
- carbon dioxide from cell metabolism
- hemoglobin from ruptured RBCs
- lipids in a nonfasting sample
A: lipids in a nonfasting sample

Q: Phlebotomists often have many duties and tasks. Which is the primary duty?
- sample processing
- sample accession
- collecting venous blood samples
- collecting arterial blood samples
A: collecting venous blood samples

Q: The process in which oxygen-rich blood diffuses into tissue cells is
- exhaling
- external respiration
- internal respiration
- breathing
A: internal respiration

Q: What laboratory department does the Pap test?
- chemistry
- cytology
- urinalysis
- microbiology
A: cytology

Q: Dorsal vein blood collection uses a vein in the patient’s:
- arm
- hand
- foot
- finger
A: hand

Q: The patient’s fasting glucose can be elevated if:
- the outpatient is on an antibiotic
- blood was collected without an antiglycolytic agent
- the patient ate before having blood drawn
- 1% to 2% iodine was used as an antiseptic during collection
A: the patient ate before having blood drawn

Q: The function of the erythrocyte is to:
- carry oxygen
- carry nutrients
- fight infection
- stop bleeding
A: carry oxygen

Q: Which is generally the most common complication from phlebotomy?
- convulsions
- fainting
- hematoma
- hyperventilation
A: hematoma

Q: In most health care facilities, a phlebotomist would NOT be authorized to:
- perform a bleeding time
- perform a capillary puncture
- start an IV
- centrifuge blood
A: start an IV

Q: What hospital department cares for patients with cancer?
- oncology
- orthopedics
- nephrology
- neonatal
A: oncology

Q: Which statement is true about arterial punctures?
- Collateral circulation should be checked before drawing.
- Heparin is the anticoagulant of choice.
- The site must be held at least 5 minutes after completing the puncture.
- all of the above
A: all of the above

Q: Samples may be rejected for testing if:
- the sample was drawn above a running IV
- the sample was not labeled with the patient’s complete name
- an anticoagulated sample had a clot
- all of the above
A: all of the above

Q: A patient’s information that is connected to their medical information is:
- personal health information (PHI)
- public health Information (PUHI)
- individual medical information (IMI)
- medical records information (MRI)
A: personal health information (PHI)

Q: The glucose tolerance test includes:
- administration of glucose
- multiple timed blood draws
- use of heparinized syringe
- both A and B
A: both A and B

Q: When drawing blood samples, which of the following should be performed first?
- Clean the site.
- Find the vein.
- Apply the tourniquet.
- Identify the patient.
A: Identify the patient.

Q: Which of the following neonatal tests is required by law?
- bilirubin
- Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease
- hemoglobin
- neonatal screening
A: neonatal screening

Q: What can happen if the tourniquet is left on too long before drawing blood?
- hematoma
- hemolysis
- hemoconcentration
- none of the above
A: hemoconcentration

Q: For a phlebotomist to be fully competent, the phlebotomist must be competent in:
- obese patients
- different age patients
- psychiatric patients
- all of the above
A: all of the above

Q: What is the function of the coronary arteries?
- They carry oxygenated blood back to the heart.
- They cause the blood to become oxygenated in the lungs.
- They supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.
- none of the above
A: They supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.

Q: Blood is needed for routine bleeding and coagulation studies (PT, PTT). Which color tube top is to be used?
- light blue
- gold
- green
- red
A: light blue

Q: An arterial puncture is more likely to result in a hematoma than a venipuncture is because of:
- higher pressure in the arteries
- the lack of coagulation factors
- the lack of elastic tissue in the arterial wall
- the anticoagulant in the arterial syringe
A: higher pressure in the arteries

Q: All of the following are components in the chain of infection EXCEPT:
- gloves
- lab coat
- goggles
- HBV vaccine
A: HBV vaccine