Title: Unit 2 Quiz
Course: SAT 170 Introductory Biotechnology > Section: SAT 170 Introductory Biotechnology

Q: Which of the following correctly describes the process known as endocytosis?
- movement of large materials into the cell using vesicles
- movement of large materials out of the cell using vesicles
- the transport of small, charged substances across the cell membrane
- the transport of small, neutral substances across the cell membrane
- the transport of substances from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
A: movement of large materials into the cell using vesicles

Q: If red blood cells are placed in an isotonic solution, what happens?
- the cells swell and burst
- the cells shrivel up
- there is no change in volume
- either the cells swell and burst of there is no change in volume
- not enough information to determine
A: there is no change in volume

Q: Which of the following organelles is considered to be the powerhouse of the cell by serving as the site of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis?
- nucleus
- mitochondria
- endoplasmic reticulum
- cytoskeleton
- golgi complex
A: mitochondria

Q: Which of the following correctly describes the function of the nucleolus?
- stores DNA
- site of ribosome synthesis
- regulates what enters and/or exits the nucleus
- protein synthesis
- none of the above
A: site of ribosome synthesis

Q: Protists are prokaryotes.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: The cholesterol of the plasma membrane functions in cell recognition.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: The presence of ribosomes is characteristic of rough endoplasmic reticulum.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Vesicles are large membrane bound structures that commonly function in storage for the cell.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: The organelle that functions to break down unwanted materials is known as the ______________.
A: lysosome

Q: ______________ are organelles that are found in plants which serve as the site of photosynthesis.
A: Chloroplasts

Q: Active transport requires both ___________ and a transport protein to move substances from low concentration to high concentration.
A: ATP/energy

Q: Phospholipids form the bilayer of the plasma membrane as the ___________ regions orient toward the cytoplasm and extracellular fluid, while the ____________ regions orient toward the center of the bilayer.
A: hydrophilic / hydrophobic

Q: How are prokaryotes different from eukaryotes? How are they the same? Provide at least one similarity and one difference.
Feedback: Prokaryotes and eukaryotes contain the same basic features that are required by all cells including DNA, cell membranes, ribosomes and cytoplasm. They both may also contain cell walls and a cytoskeleton. In contrast, prokaryotes are small and simple, primarily because they lack most of the internal structures that are present in eukaryotes. Eukaryotes are larger and more complex owing to the abundance of these internal structures which are known as membrane bound organelles. Furthermore, prokaryotes are represented by bacteria and archaea, while eukaryotes include animals, plants, fungi and protists.

Q: Compare and contrast simple and facilitated diffusion.
Feedback: Both simple and facilitated diffusion are methods of transport where substances are moved from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. In simple diffusion, these substances are able to directly cross the cell membrane since they are small enough and are able to pass through the hydrophobic core of the phospholipid bilayer. Substances that are charged or are too large will require a transport protein to facilitate the process in a method known as facilitated diffusion.