Title: Unit 1 Key Terms
Course: SAT 170 Introductory Biotechnology > Section: SAT 170 Introductory Biotechnology

Unit 1 Key Terms

Terms

Term | Definitions
Agriculture | a science focused on cultivation of plants and animal farming; often uses large plots to grow single crops
Antibiotics | substances that are produced by microorganisms that inhibit the growth of other microorganisms
Bioremediation | the use of biotechnology to reduce pollutants in the environment
Biotechnology | a field of science which relies on living organisms or their products to create technological advances, for human purposes
Clone | an organism whose genetic information is identical to a parent
Cloning | in the context of biotechnology, cloning is a process or set of methods used to make identical copies of DNA fragments (known as molecular cloning), cells or organisms
Fermentation | a metabolic process that is used by many organisms to convert carbohydrates into products such as alcohols and acids
Genetic Engineering | type of biotechnology which manipulates an organism’s genome
Genetically modified organisms (GMO’s) | organisms which have been given a gene from a different organism so that they may exhibit a characteristic that they would not otherwise possess; often referred to as transgenic organisms
Genome | an organisms complete set of genes, encoded in their DNA
Horticulture | a science focused on cultivation of plants; often uses small plots which incorporate a large variety of plants
Human Genome Project | international research project whose goal was to discover the specific sequence of nucleotides in the entire human genome
Hypothesis | a possible explanation for a phenomena that can be tested with experimentation
Industrial Microbiology | type of biotechnology which uses microorganisms to produce food or other industrial products
Selective Breeding | the process of selecting parents with particular traits for the purposes of breeding in hopes that the offspring exhibit those desirable traits
Theory | a hypothesis that has been repeatedly supported through experimentation that is commonly accepted as the accurate explanation of a phenomena