Title: Unit 7 Key Terms
Course: SAT 170 Introductory Biotechnology > Section: SAT 170 Introductory Biotechnology

Unit 7 Key Terms

Terms

Term | Definitions
Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) | a cloning vector which is capable of carrying up to 300 kb of nucleotide bases but can only be replicated and/or expressed in bacteria
cDNA library | a type of DNA library which consists of cDNA molecules that correspond to the complete set of genes of a particular organism
Complementary DNA (cDNA) | a DNA molecule which has been reverse transcribed from an mRNA molecule
DNA library | a collection of DNA fragments from a particular organism
DNA Microarray | a collection of different DNA samples on a microscope slide or another piece of glass that can be used to evaluate the level of gene expression of various genes in various cell and tissue samples
Gamete | cells used for reproduction
Gene therapy | a therapeutic technique which aims to introduce healthy, normal genes into individuals who carry abnormal, unhealthy versions of those genes
Genetic Engineering | type of biotechnology which manipulates an organism’s genome
Genetically modified organisms (GMO’s) | organisms which have been given a gene from a different organism so that they may exhibit a characteristic that they would not otherwise possess; often referred to as transgenic organisms
Genome | an organisms complete set of genes, encoded in their DNA
Genomic library | a type of DNA library which consists of DNA fragments from the genome of one organism
Germ-line | cells that will be used to produce gametes
Human Artificial Chromosome (HAC) | a cloning vector which is capable of carrying up to 10 megabses of nucleotide bases and can be replicated and/or expressed in human cells
Northern Blot | a lab method which takes mRNA molecules that have been separated by electrophoresis and then applies labeled probes to those molecules to confirm or identify whether or not specific mRNA molecules ...
Plasmid | a small, circular, double-stranded, extra-chromosomal piece of DNA commonly found in bacteria; can be used as a cloning vector for DNA libraries
Protein therapy | a therapeutic technique which provides individuals with normal, functional proteins to replace their own non-functional or missing proteins
Retrovirus | a type of virus which carries out reverse transcription and was the original source of the reverse transcriptase enzyme
Reverse transcriptase (RT) | an enzyme that is capable of synthesizing a cDNA molecule from an mRNA template
Somatic cells | body cells
Southern Blot | a lab method which takes DNA molecules that have been separated by electrophoresis and then applies labeled probes to those molecules to confirm or identify whether or not specific DNA molecules w ...
Substantial equivalence | a new product that has the same or very similar characteristics as an existing product or does not raise any health concerns beyond that of the existing product
Yeast Artificial Chromosome (YAC) | a cloning vector which is capable of carrying up to 2000 kb of nucleotide bases but can only be replicated and/or expressed in yeast