Title: Exam 5
Course: SAT 170 Introductory Biotechnology > Section: SAT 170 Introductory Biotechnology

Q: What is the purpose of the I = PAT (IPAT) equation?
- to evaluate whether or not the use of a particular form of biotechnology will be cost effective
- to evaluate the effectiveness of a biofilter
- to evaluate the likelihood that a DNA sample is a match when performing a DNA fingerprint
- to evaluate the key factors of human impacts
- none of the above
A: to evaluate the key factors of human impacts

Q: Which of the following is true regarding a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR)?
- it is also known as a short tandem repeat (STR)
- it is a series of nucleotides randomly inserted throughout the chromosomes
- it is used for toxicology testing by forensic scientists
- it can be identified using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
- all of the above
A: it is also known as a short tandem repeat (STR)

Q: Which of the following is true regarding environmental engineering?
- it examines the social, political and ethical factors that influence the relationship that humans have with the environment
- it examines the impacts of technological developments on our natural resources
- it is one of the main branches of environmental science
- the first and third options are both correct
- the second and third options are both correct
A: it examines the impacts of technological developments on our natural resources

Q: Which of the following is true regarding DNA fingerprinting?
- it takes advantage of the fact that different DNA samples collected from different individuals will have slightly different sequences
- it relies on gel electrophoresis
- it relies on Northern blotting
- it can use single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs)
- all of the above
A: all of the above

Q: Which of the following is true regarding gross domestic product (GDP) per capita?
- it is a set of methods for human development which focuses on minimizing the impact to our environment in order to improve the health of the planet now and in the future
- it is an indicator if the affluence of a particular country
- it is a representation of the output of a country’s economy per individual
- all of the above
- only the second and third options are true
A: only the second and third options are true

Q: Which of the following correctly describes a biofilm?
- it is an apparatus that contains some type of media which serves as a place for the growth of microorganisms
- it is a complex aggregation of microorganisms that forms as the microorganisms stick to each other as well as to a surface
- it is a system that consists of a slightly sloped landscape lined with native vegetation and rubble to aids in the filtration of pollutants from surface runoff
- it is the use of biomass as feedstock
- it is the use of biomass as biofuels
A: it is a complex aggregation of microorganisms that forms as the microorganisms stick to each other as well as to a surface

Q: Which of the following serological methods relies on the use of antibodies?
- enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
- agglutination
- polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
- all of the above
- the first and second options only
A: the first and second options only

Q: Which of the following individuals is attributed to the development of objectivism?
- Jeremy Bentham
- John Stuart
- Ayn Rand
- Immanual Kant
- Joseph Fletcher
A: Ayn Rand

Q: Which of the following is true regarding a double-blind trial?
- it is a clinical trial in which neither the patient nor the individual administering the patient are informed of whether they have been placed in an experimental or control group
- it is a preclinical trial in which the individual administering the drug is unaware of which of the test subjects are being exposed to the drug
- it is a clinical trial in which the individual administering the drug is unaware of which of the patients are being exposed to the drug but the patient is aware of whether or not they are receiving
- it is a clinical trial in which the individual administering the drug and the researcher are unaware of which of the patients are being exposed to the drug but the patient is aware of whether or no
- none of the above
A: it is a clinical trial in which neither the patient nor the individual administering the patient are informed of whether they have been placed in an experimental or control group

Q: Which of the following is true regarding therapeutic cloning?
- it aims to generate human embryos for the purpose of creating matched cells for transplant
- it aims to generate human embryos for the purpose of creating embryos as human research models
- is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg and sperm are collected and joined in a test tube before being implanted in a woman’s uterus for development
- all of the above
- only the first and second options are true
A: only the first and second options are true

Q: Which of the following is true regarding the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA)?
- it prohibits the use of DNA fingerprinting evidence as the only convicting evidence in a criminal case
- it prohibits potential employers and health insurance agencies from discriminating amongst individuals based on their genetics
- it prohibits parents from selecting desirable traits in children conceived through in vitro fertilization
- it prohibits genetic testing for the sake of detecting desirable characteristics
- none of the above
A: it prohibits potential employers and health insurance agencies from discriminating amongst individuals based on their genetics

Q: Which of the following correctly describes a placebo?
- It is an estimate of how probable an event or outcome is to occur
- It is an evaluation of how probable an event or outcome is to occur as well as how strong of an effect such an event or outcome may have
- it is a safe but non-effective treatment that is administered in the same manner as the treatment to provide a control group for a clinical trial
- it is the permission that a patient gives in order to be administered a treatment after being informed of all of the possible beneficial and adverse outcomes of the treatment
- none of the above
A: it is a safe but non-effective treatment that is administered in the same manner as the treatment to provide a control group for a clinical trial

Q: What are some potential concerns associated with genetic testing?
- the potential conflicts with health insurance agencies altering an individual’s access to health insurance
- the potential conflicts with the hiring practices of employers
- the potential impacts of false negative or false positive tests on an individual’s well-being
- the potential impacts of testing for non-disease traits such as intelligence and athleticism
- all of the above
A: all of the above

Q: What is a synthetic genome?
- a genome that is synthesized by man
- a genome that has been sequenced
- a genome that has been altered to carry foreign genes
- a genome that is generated from in vitro fertilization (IVF)
- none of the above
A: a genome that is synthesized by man

Q: Which of the following is true regarding phase IV clinical trials?
- they are the preclinical trials that must be conducted to evaluate the effects of drugs on different species of animals
- they are the clinical trials that must be conducted to evaluate the effects of drugs on small groups of individuals
- they are the postapproval trials that must be conducted to ensure safety and efficacy of the new drug
- they are the preclinical trials that must be conducted to evaluate the effects of a drug on cell and tissue cultures
- they are the complete set of trials that must be conducted before a drug can be released onto the market
A: they are the postapproval trials that must be conducted to ensure safety and efficacy of the new drug

Q: Which of the following is true regarding a regulatory affairs department of a biotechnology company?
- It monitors product to ensure they are meeting the standards of the company
- it monitors procedures to ensure compliance with specific standards and regulations
- it ensures that the company is not violating copyrights or naming rights and that it is obtaining the appropriate patents
- it ensures that the product is visible and desirable to consumers
- it develops new ideas and performs the proper observations and experimentation needed to follow through on those ideas
A: it monitors procedures to ensure compliance with specific standards and regulations

Q: Which of the following is true regarding a new drug application (NDA)?
- an application which evaluates the results of clinical trials to determine the potential benefits and risks to patients, and evaluate manufacturing procedures and labeling of a new drug before allow
- an application which evaluates the results of preclinical studies to determine the potential benefits and risks of a new drug to patients before allowing that drug to be used in clinical trials
- an application which warrants a biotechnology to isolate a new compound from a living organism for the intention of creating a new therapeutic drug
- an application which evaluates the results of the discovery phase to determine whether animal testing of a new drug compound should be allowed
- none of the above
A: an application which evaluates the results of clinical trials to determine the potential benefits and risks to patients, and evaluate manufacturing procedures and labeling of a new drug before allow

Q: Which of the following biotechnology companies relies on the disease-focused model as it is involved in the development and manufacture of drug treatments for obesity and diabetes?
- Genentech
- Amylin
- MedImmune
- Gilead Sciences
- Amgen
A: Amylin

Q: Which of the following correctly describes the concept of venture capital?
- • the financial investments which are made to companies that are in the early stages of startup
- • an individual who provides financial investments for companies that are in the early stages of startup
- • the sale of a company’s stock to the general public for the first time; also known as a stock market launch
- • the sale of a small startup company to a larger, well-established company
- • the closing of a small startup company that is not successful
- • none of the above
A: • the financial investments which are made to companies that are in the early stages of startup

Q: Which of the following individuals are directly involved in operations, or biomanufacturing within a biotechnology company?
- lab technicians
- research associates
- senior scientists
- material handlers
- all of the above
A: material handlers

Q: A bioswale is a system that consists of a slightly sloped landscape lined with native vegetation and rubble to aids in the filtration of pollutants from surface runoff.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: The process of DNA fingerprinting relies on gel electrophoresis.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Agglutination is a method which is used by a serologist to evaluate the presence of materials in a sample of bodily fluid.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Serology is the study of toxins and poisons which includes identification of their presence in samples and the effects that they might have on living things.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: The P in the IPAT equation stands for prosperity.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: In situ bioremediation occurs when microbes are already present in the area where they will bioremediate.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: A sample of antiserum which is collected from an animal, will contain antibodies that are ready to attack the antigen to which that animal has been exposed.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: The utilitarian approach focuses on decision making based on compliance with a rule or set of rules.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Teratrogenic is a term used to describe an agent that causes cancer.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: The estimate of how probable an event or outcome is to occur is the statistical probability.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: The variety of organisms in a given area, is known as the biofilm.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Joseph Fletcher is the individual who is attributed with the development of the approach referred to as the deontological approach.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg and sperm are collected and joined in a test tube before being implanted in a woman’s uterus for development.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Bioinformatics is a field which focuses on the storage and analysis of large amounts of data such as the data generated from sequencing experiments.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: The legal division of a biotechnology company would typically employ a customer relations specialist or product complaint specialist.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: The preclinical phase of a drug trial is where a new drug has been isolated or identified.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Bioproduction, the use of biomass for feedstock and biofuels are all examples of green manufacturing practices.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: The sale of a company’s stock to the general public for the first time is known as the initial public offering or stock market launch.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: It is the job of the sales representatives of a biotechnology company to identify potential customers and then generate promotional materials and create advertising campaigns to target those customers.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: The chief financial officer, which works closely with the president or chief executive officer of a company to ensure financial security and growth of a company.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: The term _____is used to describe the process of slow filtration as materials move through a porous material.

Q: Storm water that is not absorbed into the ground and thus runs off the surface into waterways and storm sewers is known as ______.

Q: During the process of bioremediation using microorganisms, the microorganisms convert pollutants to nonharmful products through a process known as ______.

Q: A(n) _____ is an evaluation of how probable an event or outcome is to occur as well as how strong of an effect such an event or outcome may have.

Q: A suspension in activity such as that which occurs when all research in a particular field is halted until such research can be properly evaluated is known as a _____.

Q: The permission that a patient gives in order to be administered a treatment after being informed of all of the possible beneficial and adverse outcomes of the treatment is known as ______.

Q: _____ is a term used to describe ethics that applies to biological research, including biotechnological research.

Q: A biotechnology company model which is based on developing treatments for diseases which currently have unmet needs is known as the _____.

Q: A biotechnology company model which is based on developing the technologies involved in discovering and producing new compounds as well as storing and analyzing large amounts of sequencing data is known as the _____.

Q: The process that is used to transition from lab-scale production to large scale commercial production is known as _____.

Q: What is sustainable development? What are three ways that biotechnology can help to improve development practices to make them more sustainable?

Q: What are some concerns regarding the introduction of genetically modified organisms into the environment? List and describe three such concerns.

Q: What is a patent? Why are patents important in fields like biotechnology?