Title: Unit 3 Quiz
Course: SAT 170 Introductory Biotechnology > Section: SAT 170 Introductory Biotechnology

Q: Which of the following is considered a component of a nucleotide?
- sugar
- phosphate
- nitrogenous base
- all of the above
- sugar and nitrogenous base only
A: all of the above

Q: A particular DNA sample is composed of 20% cytosine. What percentage of the nucleotides in this sample will be thymine?
- 20%
- 60%
- 30%
- 40%
- 80%
A: 30%

Q: Which of the following is true regarding the leading daughter strand of DNA replication?
- a) it runs 5’→3’ parallel with the direction of replication
- b) it runs 5’→3’ opposite to the direction of replication
- c) it is synthesized continuously
- both (a) and (c)
- both (b) and (c)
A: both (a) and (c)

Q: Which of the following correctly describes the role of the DNA replication enzyme known as ligase?
- synthesizes small fragments of RNA known as primers at the origins of replication
- binds to the separated strands of the parent DNA molecule to keep them apart until they are replicated
- separates the two strands of the parent DNA molecule
- seals together fragments of DNA once replication is complete
- adds nucleotides to the primers to create complementary daughter strands to the original parent DNA strand
A: seals together fragments of DNA once replication is complete

Q: Which of the following individuals is responsible for describing the rules of complementary base pairing?
- Rosalind Franklin
- Frederick Griffith
- James Watson
- Erwin Chargaff
- Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
A: Erwin Chargaff

Q: Which of the following enzymes is responsible for synthesizing the new, complementary daughter strands while using the old, parent strands as a template?
- primase
- DNA polymerase
- DNA gyrase
- helicase
- single stranded binding (SSB) proteins
A: DNA polymerase

Q: Helicase is the DNA replication enzyme that binds to the separated strands of the parent DNA molecule to keep them apart until they are replicated.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: The chromosome represents the loose, uncondensed, highly accessible form of DNA.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: In an RNA molecule, guanine (G) is replaced by uracil (U).
- True
- False
A: False

Q: A nonsense mutation is an alteration of a single nucleotide base within a gene that results in a change of a single amino acid of the protein product of that gene into a different amino acid.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: A ________ is a specific type of virus that infects bacterial cells.
A: bacteriophage

Q: The ________ model of DNA replication explained that one daughter  DNA molecule would be composed of the original strands and a second daughter DNA molecule composed of two new strands, while the ________ model proposed that the two daughter DNA molecules would be composed of DNA strands that had both parent and daughter fragments.
A: conservative / dispersive

Q: The DNA replication enzyme that is responsible for synthesizing primers is known as __________.
A: primers

Q: A___________ is the shape, number and physical appearance of an individual’s chromosomes.
A: karyotype

Q: Explain the role of complementary base pairing in DNA replication.
Feedback: The mechanism of DNA replication is semi-conservative, which means that when the two strands of the parent DNA molecule are separated, they each serve as a template for the new daughter strand. The reason why this is possible is because the daughter strands are complimentary to the daughter strands. Thus, if there is an A on the parent strand, we know that the daughter strand will have a T. Likewise, is the parent had a C, the daughter strand would have a G, and vice versa.