Title: Unit 2 Key Terms
Course: SAT 170 Introductory Biotechnology > Section: SAT 170 Introductory Biotechnology

Unit 2 Key Terms

Terms

Term | Definitions
Active Transport | is the movement of materials from low concentration to high concentration and it requires energy (ATP) as well as a transport protein
Cell | the smallest unit of life; the smallest structure which is capable of sensing things in the environment, metabolism, reproduction, growth, development, and evolution
Cell Wall | rigid barrier which is located outside the cell membrane of certain cell types
Cilia | short, hair-like extensions of the cell which move back and forth
Cytoplasm | cushy fluid found within the cell which contains all of the cell contents
Cytoskeleton | complex network of protein fibers which forms the basic framework for our cells
Endocytosis | the movement of large materials into the cell  by forming vesicles around that material using portions of the cell membrane
Endoplasmic Reticulum | series of membrane bound structures which manufacture products such as proteins and lipids for the cell; may also carry out specialized functions for certain cell types
Eukaryote | large, complex cells which contain many membrane bound organelles including a nucleus where DNA is stored
Exocytosis | the movement of large materials out of the cell by fusing a vesicle with the cell membrane to dump that material out of the cell
Extracellular Fluid | the fluid which surrounds the exterior of the cell
Facilitated Diffusion | movement of substances from high concentration to low concentration until equilibrium is reached with the help of a transport protein
Flagella | long, hair-like extensions which move in a whip-like fashion
Golgi Apparatus | series of membrane bound structures which receive, modify, and package the products of the ER
Lysosome | membrane bound structure which contains digestive enzymes to break down unwanted materials such as bacteria, food, worn out cell parts
Mitochondria | membrane bound structure which contains digestive enzymes to break down unwanted materials such as bacteria, food, worn out cell parts
Nucleolus | site of ribosome synthesis
Nucleus | large membrane bound organelle which serves as a repository for an organisms DNA
Organelle | intracellular compartment which often has a specific structure and function for the cell
Osmosis | the diffusion of water
Peroxisome | membrane bound structure which destroys harmful byproducts of metabolism
Plasma Membrane | the selectively-permeable barrier which surrounds the cell and certain organelles
Prokaryote | small, simple cells which lack membrane bound organelles
Ribosome | site of protein synthesis
Simple Diffusion | movement of substances from high concentration to low concentration until equilibrium is reached