Title: Unit 9 Quiz
Course: BIS 105 Environmental Biology > Section: BIS 105 Environmental Biology

Q: Acute exposure to chemical agents is more difficult to detect than chronic exposure.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Aquatic animals such as fish and frogs are especially good indicators of pollution because ________.
- they are easy to catch
- most chemicals are water soluble so they enter these organisms through drinking or skin absorption
- these organisms are the most abundant on earth
- all chemical toxicants are found in water
- the metabolism of these organisms is most like ours
A: most chemicals are water soluble so they enter these organisms through drinking or skin absorption

Q: Describe and give an example of bioaccumulation and biomagnification.

Q: [_____] are best defined as substances that cause birth defects.
A: Teratogens

Q: Breakdown products of toxic compounds are always non-toxic and biodegradable.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: [_____] are best defined as substances that cause cancer.
A: Carcinogens

Q: With respect to exposure to toxins which statement is correct?
- Acute effects are much worse than chronic effects.
- Acute effects are not as bad as chronic effects.
- Acute effects are the immediate results of a single exposure, chronic effects are those that are long-lasting.
- Acute effects are permanent, chronic effects may be short or long term but go away over time.
- none of these are correct.
A: Acute effects are the immediate results of a single exposure, chronic effects are those that are long-lasting.

Q: The effect of toxicants on fetuses and young children ________.
- has not raised concern among environmental health professionals
- is less than for adults because their metabolism is higher
- is greater because of their developmental immaturity, rapid growth and smaller mass
- has been thoroughly evaluated for every chemical released into both indoor and outdoor environments
- is generally the same for adults
A: is greater because of their developmental immaturity, rapid growth and smaller mass

Q: An LD50 is a dose of a toxic chemical that
- is an acceptable level of risk for most individuals.
- all individuals react to.
- kills individuals 50 years old and over.
- is 50 times less than the minimal dose.
- kills half of the population.
A: kills half of the population.

Q: Mutagens cause problems in organisms by altering DNA sequences.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Highly persistent toxic chemicals
- retain their toxicity as they cycle through the food chain and environment.
- lose their toxicity once released in the environment.
- accumulate within one organism but break down at higher trophic levels.
- are highly unusual among artificial chemicals.
- are usually not that toxic in their life span.
A: retain their toxicity as they cycle through the food chain and environment.

Q: Arriving at the hotel for the meeting, a woman decides to get a workout in the pool. Upon stepping into the pool area, she quickly finds it difficult to breathe because of the high levels of chlorine in the air above the pool. This woman is experiencing
- a carcinogenic reaction to the chlorine in the air.
- an acute reaction to the chlorine in the air.
- a teratogenic reaction to the chlorine in the air.
- a chronic reaction to the chlorine in the air.
- an antagonistic reaction to the chlorine.
A: an acute reaction to the chlorine in the air.

Q: Which of the following characterizes the “precautionary principle” as it applies to risk from exposure to consumer products?
- the burden of proof should be on those that question the safety of a product.
- the burden of proof should be on the consumer.
- absolute safety can never be proven.
- products should be proven to be safe before they are put on the market.
- pre-testing is unnecessary because if it is harmful we will be able to tell soon after it enters the market.
A: products should be proven to be safe before they are put on the market.

Q: Disproportionate concerns about the safety of public drinking water versus the greater dangers of cigarette smoking reflect problems of
- toxicity assessment.
- exposure assessment.
- teratogenicity.
- risk perception.
A: risk perception.