Title: Unit 11 Quiz
Course: BIS 105 Environmental Biology > Section: BIS 105 Environmental Biology

Q: Coral bleaching occurs when a coral becomes stressed and expels most of its symbiotic algae. This is often caused by
- increased decomposition activity of organic matter
- decreased dissolved oxygen content
- increased salinity
- increased water temperature
- increased CO_2
A: increased water temperature

Q: Bottom trawling can be a problematic harvesting method because ___
- it eliminates all the largest individuals
- it eliminates all the smallest individuals
- it isn't harmful, it is a sustainable method
- sediment disturbance and bird deaths
- bycatch and sediment disturbance
A: bycatch and sediment disturbance

Q: Bycatch ________.
- is fishing for two species of fish concurrently
- is the practice of returning female and young fish back to the ocean
- is the practice of returning female and young fish back to the ocean
- refers to the capture of animals not meant to be caught
- is fishing only at deep levels of the ocean
A: refers to the capture of animals not meant to be caught

Q: Describe what was done to address the oil spill from the Deepwater Horizon. How was the environment impacted from the spill? Has the environment recovered to its original state?

Q: An estuary is:
- a shallow coastal region with clear water and many limestone depositing organisms.
- the only ecosystem on Earth that does not depend on photosynthesis.
- a pitch black, cold, high-pressure zone where few organisms live.
- a productive marine ecosystem where rivers empty into the ocean, bringing nutrients from land runoff.
- a region where no algae growth can occur due to acid damage.
A: a productive marine ecosystem where rivers empty into the ocean, bringing nutrients from land runoff.

Q: This fishing method results in thousands of birds being killed.
- bottom trawling
- long-lining
- hook and line
- purse seine
- artificial lures
A: long-lining

Q: Since oceans cover 70% of the planet, they will be capable of being the main source of food to feed the expanding world population.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Currently, the greatest dilemma facing marine systems is ________.
- overharvesting
- plastic dumping
- radiation
- abandoned fishing nets
- oil spills
A: overharvesting

Q: Most marine protected areas ________.
- ban all fishing and extractive activities
- are in the open oceans
- restrict some activities but allow some extraction of resources
- prohibit the installation if oil pipelines and fiberoptic cable lines within them
- have been established without the consent of the United States
A: restrict some activities but allow some extraction of resources

Q: When natural waters are overloaded with plant nutrients, such as nitrate and phosphate ions, they become
- Oligotrophic
- Dystrophic
- Eutrophic
- Metatrophic
- Megatrophic
A: Eutrophic

Q: Organisms that live on the ocean floor are said to live in the:
- bethic zone
- photic zone
- abyssopelagic zone
- hadal zone
- pelagic zone
A: bethic zone

Q: The largest accidental oil spill occurred from
- Exxon Valdez tanker in Prince William Sound
- Deepwater Horizon rig in the Gulf of Mexico
- Keystone XL pipeline in Texas
- Ixtoc I in the Gulf of Mexico
A: Deepwater Horizon rig in the Gulf of Mexico

Q: Summarize the effects of plastics on the marine ecosystem. Mention at least three impacts.

Q: What type of coral reef is found in a ring around what was an island volcano?
- atoll
- barrier reef
- fringing reef
- platform reef
- sea reef
A: atoll

Q: In thermohaline circulation of global current systems, surface water is ________.
- cold and dense
- less salty, less dense, and warmer
- saltier and colder
- driven by winds from north to south
- warm and dense
A: less salty, less dense, and warmer

Q: Upwelling ________.
- transports oxygen from deep to surface waters
- occurs in areas where there are no currents
- brings benthic nutrients to the ocean surface promoting high primary productivity
- is the flow of warm water upward toward the ocean surface
- occurs when winds blow at right angles to a coastline
A: brings benthic nutrients to the ocean surface promoting high primary productivity