Title: Exam - Blood, Cardiovascular, and Lymphatic Systems
Course: PRN 0930 Practical Nursing I > Section: Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems

Q: The function of albumin is to:
- assist in the formation of a blood clot
- thicken the blood
- act as an enzyme for the breakdown of carbonic acid
- assist in the fighting of infection
A: thicken the blood

Q: Myeloid tissue is:
- also called lymphoid tissue
- also called red bone marrow
- important in the formation of blood cells
- both b and c above
A: both b and c above

Q: The red blood cell:
- assists in transporting carbon dioxide to the lungs
- contains hemoglobin to carry oxygen
- has a unique shape to increase its surface area
- all of the above
A: all of the above

Q: Anemia can be caused by:
- too few red blood cells
- too little hemoglobin in the blood cells
- too many red blood cells being made
- both a and b above
A: both a and b above

Q: Which of the following describes the layering, in order from top to bottom, of a test tube of blood that has been “spun down” in a centrifuge?
- plasma, red blood cells, buffy coat
- buffy coat, plasma, red blood cells
- plasma, buffy coat, red blood cells
- red blood cells, buffy coat, plasma
A: plasma, buffy coat, red blood cells

Q: Which white blood cells are phagocytes?
- monocytes
- T lymphocytes
- B lymphocytes
- all of the above
A: monocytes

Q: Which white blood cells help protect the body from parasites?
- eosinophils
- monocytes
- neutrophils
- basophils
A: eosinophils

Q: Which white blood cells secrete heparin?
- eosinophils
- monocytes
- neutrophils
- basophils
A: basophils

Q: Leukopenia:
- refers to an excess of white blood cells
- is characteristic of people with leukemia
- is characteristic of people with AIDS
- both a and b above
A: is characteristic of people with AIDS

Q: At the point of injury, platelets:
- become sticky and accumulate near the opening
- release thrombin
- release fibrin
- both a and c above
A: become sticky and accumulate near the opening

Q: A thrombus is:
- a clot that stays where it was formed
- the same as an embolus
- usually made of thrombin
- a blood clot circulating in the bloodstream
A: a clot that stays where it was formed

Q: The blood type that has antigen A on the cell and anti-B antibody in the plasma is:
- type O
- type AB
- type A
- type B
A: type A

Q: The blood type with no antigens on the blood cell and both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma is:
- type AB
- type O
- type A
- type B
A: type O

Q: Erythroblastosis fetalis:
- usually occurs in a mother’s first-born baby
- occurs in the case of an Rh-positive mother and an Rh-negative baby
- occurs in the case of an Rh-positive baby and an Rh-negative mother
- both a and b above
A: occurs in the case of an Rh-positive baby and an Rh-negative mother

Q: Another term for red blood cells is:
- leukocytes
- eosinophils
- thrombocytes
- erythrocytes
A: erythrocytes

Q: Another term for white blood cells is:
- thrombocytes
- leukocytes
- erythrocytes
- albumin
A: leukocytes

Q: A patient with a thicker-than-normal buffy coat may have:
- an infection
- leukemia
- leucopenia
- both a and b above
A: both a and b above

Q: Lymphatic tissue forms
- all types of white blood cells
- only lymphocytes
- both lymphocytes and monocytes
- lymphatic tissue does not form blood cells
A: both lymphocytes and monocytes

Q: The chambers of the heart include:
- two upper larger chambers called the atria
- two lower smaller chambers called the ventricles
- two lower larger chambers called the ventricles
- both a and b above
A: two lower larger chambers called the ventricles

Q: The upper chambers are:
- discharging chambers
- called ventricles
- receiving chambers
- both a and b above
A: receiving chambers

Q: In the pumping action of the heart:
- atrial systole follows ventricular systole
- atrial systole precedes ventricular systole
- atrial and ventricular systole occur at the same time
- none of the above
A: atrial systole precedes ventricular systole

Q: The right side of the heart:
- deals with oxygen-poor blood
- deals with oxygen-rich blood
- is the pump for systemic circulation
- both b and c above
A: deals with oxygen-poor blood

Q: In a normal ECG tracing, the T wave represents the:
- repolarization of the atria
- depolarization of the atria
- repolarization of the ventricles
- depolarization of the ventricles
A: repolarization of the ventricles

Q: The blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are the:
- veins
- venules
- arteries
- capillaries
A: arteries

Q: The innermost layer of an artery or vein is called the:
- tunica intima
- tunica media
- endothelium
- both a and c above
A: both a and c above

Q: The last blood vessel of pulmonary circulation is the:
- pulmonary artery
- pulmonary vein
- aorta
- superior vena cava
A: pulmonary vein

Q: The structure in the fetus that allows the blood to bypass the lungs is the:
- ductus venosus
- ductus arteriosus
- foramen ovale
- both b and c above
A: both b and c above

Q: Which of the following is not true of the atria?
- receive blood from arteries returning to the heart
- are called receiving chambers
- have thinner walls than ventricles
- all of the above are true
A: receive blood from arteries returning to the heart

Q: Which of the following is not true of ventricles?
- are called discharging chambers
- pump blood into the arteries
- have thinner walls than atria
- all of the above are true
A: have thinner walls than atria

Q: Which of the following is not true of arteries?
- They carry blood away from the capillaries.
- They carry blood away from the heart.
- They have thicker tunica media than do veins.
- Their innermost layer is composed of endothelium.
A: They carry blood away from the capillaries.

Q: Another name for the visceral pericardium is the
- epicardium
- endocardium
- myocardium
- visceral pericardium is not known by another name
A: epicardium

Q: The volume of blood ejected from the ventricles during each beat is called:
- stroke volume
- cardiac output
- cardiac cycle
- both a and b
A: stroke volume

Q: Lymph is formed by:
- the kidney releasing fluid into the tissue space
- plasma leaving the capillary
- pressure on the blood caused by the pumping action of the heart
- both B and C above
A: both B and C above

Q: The cisterna chyli:
- is part of the right lymphatic duct
- is part of the thoracic duct
- is a special name given to lymph capillaries in the walls of the small intestine
- are the lymph vessels inside the spleen
A: is part of the thoracic duct

Q: Lymph nodes:
- have one afferent vessel
- have several efferent vessels
- contain phagocytic cells
- all of the above
A: contain phagocytic cells

Q: Lymph can:
- carry cancer cells that can be trapped in lymph nodes
- be a possible route for the spread of cancer
- carry bacteria to lymph nodes
- all of the above
A: all of the above

Q: The thymus:
- helps T lymphocytes mature
- continues to grow throughout life, peaking in size in late middle age
- is the largest of the lymphatic structures
- all of the above
A: helps T lymphocytes mature

Q: Which tonsils are located on either side of the throat?
- pharyngeal tonsils
- palatine tonsils
- adenoids
- both A and C above
A: palatine tonsils

Q: Which tonsils are located near the posterior opening of the nasal cavity?
- pharyngeal tonsils
- palatine tonsils
- adenoids
- both A and C above
A: both A and C above

Q: The spleen:
- is in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen, lateral to the liver
- helps filter out bacteria
- salvages the calcium from old or damaged red blood cells
- all of the above
A: helps filter out bacteria

Q: Swelling, one sign of inflammation, is caused by:
- increased blood flow to the inflamed area
- increased vessel permeability
- increased white blood cell concentration
- all of the above
A: increased vessel permeability

Q: If you have had the measles, you cannot get them again. This is an example of:
- natural active immunity
- natural passive immunity
- artificial active immunity
- artificial passive immunity
A: natural active immunity

Q: An antigen can be a:
- toxin
- protein on a cancer cell membrane
- protein on a bacterial cell membrane
- all of the above
A: all of the above

Q: Long-term immunity occurs when:
- T cells form plasma cells
- neutrophils form plasma cells
- macrophages form plasma cells
- B cells form memory cells
A: B cells form memory cells

Q: T cells:
- spend time developing in the thymus
- are responsible for cell-mediated immunity
- respond to antigens by releasing antibodies
- both A and B above
A: both A and B above

Q: These cells develop into macrophages once in the tissue.
- monocytes
- dendritic cells
- neutrophil
- memory cell
A: monocytes

Q: Which of the following is not true of the thymus gland?
- Most of the thymus gland is found in the neck.
- It produces hormones called thymosins.
- It is the source and maturation site for T cells.
- It goes through the process of involution in later life.
A: Most of the thymus gland is found in the neck.

Q: Which of the following is not a function of the spleen?
- It salvages iron from hemoglobin.
- It acts as a reservoir for blood.
- It is a site for the maturation of B cells.
- It destroys worn out red blood cells.
A: It is a site for the maturation of B cells.

Q: Compliment-binding sites are located on:
- antigens
- antibodies
- B cells
- T cells
A: antibodies

Q: Lymph nodes:
- always have more efferent vessels than afferent vessels
- always have more afferent vessels than efferent vessels
- usually have the same number of afferent and efferent vessels
- have various ratios of afferent and efferent vessels depending on their location
A: always have more afferent vessels than efferent vessels