Title: Quiz: Respiratory System
Course: PRN 0092 Practical Nursing II > Section: Nursing Care of Clients with Respiratory Disorders

Q: Which nursing intervention does the nurse add to the care plan to help a patient with thick sputum mobilize and expectorate those secretions?
- Drink salty fluids such as broth and bouillon.
- Drink 3 to 4 L of water a day.
- Inhale cool mist from a vaporizer for 15 minutes four times a day.
- Sit in a tub of hot water three times a day.
A: Drink 3 to 4 L of water a day.
If right: Encourage fluids to liquefy secretions and aid in their expectoration.
If wrong: Encourage fluids to liquefy secretions and aid in their expectoration.

Q: The circulation of the lungs is through the
- coronary arteries and coronary veins.
- celiac arteries and celiac veins.
- pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins.
- carotid arteries and jugular veins.
A: pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins.
If right: The lungs receive their blood supply, which comes directly from the heart, through the pulmonary arteries. The blood, now rich in oxygen, is returned to the heart for circulation to the body via the pulmonary veins to the left atrium.
If wrong: The lungs receive their blood supply, which comes directly from the heart, through the pulmonary arteries. The blood, now rich in oxygen, is returned to the heart for circulation to the body via the pulmonary veins to the left atrium.

Q: A 52-year-old patient has had a laryngectomy in treatment of cancer. A nursing diagnosis for the patient with a laryngectomy would be social isolation related to impaired verbal communication related to removal of the larynx. The correct nursing intervention would be
- complete care quickly.
- provide a pad and pencil or magic slate available.
- refrain from conversations with the patient to reduce his stress level.
- offer books or jigsaw puzzles for entertainment.
A: provide a pad and pencil or magic slate available.
If right: Provide patient with implements for communication. Rapidly completing care and provision of solitary activities does not reduce social isolation.
If wrong: Provide patient with implements for communication. Rapidly completing care and provision of solitary activities does not reduce social isolation.

Q: A 62-year-old patient is seen in the emergency department with an epistaxis. When a patient has an epistaxis, the correct nursing interventions would be
- place the patient in Fowler’s position with the head forward.
- place the patient in low-Fowler’s position with the head hyperextended.
- compress the nostrils tightly below the bone and hold for 1 minute.
- place hot compresses over the nose.
A: place the patient in Fowler’s position with the head forward.
If right: Elevate head of bed. Place patient in Fowler’s position with the head forward. Compression of nostrils should be for 10-15 minutes. Hot compresses will increase bleeding-ice should be applied.
If wrong: Elevate head of bed. Place patient in Fowler’s position with the head forward. Compression of nostrils should be for 10-15 minutes. Hot compresses will increase bleeding-ice should be applied.

Q: The patient has been admitted for possible carcinoma of the larynx. The first sign or symptom that may be present in carcinoma of the larynx is often
- pain in the larynx.
- hemoptysis.
- persistent hoarseness.
- dysphagia.
A: persistent hoarseness.
If right: Progressive or persistent hoarseness is an early sign.
If wrong: Progressive or persistent hoarseness is an early sign.

Q: What does a nurse teach an adult male who has had a tonsillectomy?
- Eat solid food during the first 24 hours.
- Do not eat or drink anything for the first 24 hours.
- Apply a heating pad to the neck during the first 24 hours.
- Avoid coughing and clearing the throat during the first week postoperatively.
A: Avoid coughing and clearing the throat during the first week postoperatively.
If right: The nurse should teach the patient to avoid attempting to clear the throat immediately after surgery and to avoid coughing, sneezing, or vigorous nose blowing for 1 to 2 weeks. Maintain IV fluids until the nausea subsides, at which time the patient may begin drinking ice-cold clear liquids. The diet is advanced to custard and ice cream and then to a normal diet as soon as possible. Apply an ice collar to the neck for comfort and to reduce bleeding by vasoconstriction.
If wrong: The nurse should teach the patient to avoid attempting to clear the throat immediately after surgery and to avoid coughing, sneezing, or vigorous nose blowing for 1 to 2 weeks. Maintain IV fluids until the nausea subsides, at which time the patient may begin drinking ice-cold clear liquids. The diet is advanced to custard and ice cream and then to a normal diet as soon as possible. Apply an ice collar to the neck for comfort and to reduce bleeding by vasoconstriction.

Q: The upper respiratory tract includes all of the following except the:
- nose
- trachea
- pharynx
- larynx
A: trachea

Q: The lower respiratory tract includes all of the following except the:
- trachea
- bronchi
- larynx
- alveoli
A: larynx

Q: The respiratory mucosa helps protect the respiratory system by:
- trapping bacteria
- moving contaminated mucus towards the pharynx
- having ciliated epithelium beat in only one direction
- all of the above
A: all of the above

Q: The partition that divides the nasal cavities is called the:
- nasal septum
- external nares
- conchae
- none of the above
A: nasal septum

Q: Which of the following tubes does not enter or exit the pharynx?
- larynx
- esophagus
- auditory tubes
- all of these tubes enter or exit the pharynx
A: all of these tubes enter or exit the pharynx

Q: Which of these structures is not in the larynx?
- vocal cords
- palatine tonsils
- glottis
- epiglottis
A: palatine tonsils

Q: The function of the epiglottis is to:
- anchor the vocal cords
- change the pitch of the voice
- keep food from entering the trachea
- both a and b above
A: keep food from entering the trachea

Q: The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and blood in the lung is called:
- cellular respiration
- internal respiration
- external respiration
- breathing
A: external respiration

Q: The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and cells throughout the body is called:
- cellular respiration
- internal respiration
- external respiration
- breathing
A: internal respiration

Q: During inspiration:
- the diaphragm contracts and moves up into the thoracic cavity
- the chest cavity expands
- the pressure in the thoracic cavity increases
- all of the above
A: the chest cavity expands

Q: The inspiratory and expiratory centers are located in the:
- pons
- cerebrum
- medulla
- cerebellum
A: medulla

Q: The chemoreceptors in the carotid and aorta are sensitive to:
- an increase in blood carbon dioxide
- a decrease in blood oxygen
- an increase in blood acidity
- all of the above
A: all of the above

Q: Which of the following is not done by the respiratory system?
- warms the air coming into the body
- filters the air coming into the body
- facilitates the sense of smell
- all of the above are done by the respiratory system
A: all of the above are done by the respiratory system

Q: Another term for pulmonary ventilation is:
- internal respiration
- breathing
- external respiration
- both b and c above
A: breathing

Q: Which instruction by the nurse is inappropriate for teaching the proper technique for collection a sputum specimen?
- Bring the sputum up from the lungs.
- Maintain adequate fluid intake.
- Collect specimens after meals.
- Notify the staff as soon as the specimen is collected so it can be sent to the laboratory without delay.
A: Collect specimens after meals.
If right: Collecting specimens before meals will avoid possible emesis from coughing after eating.
If wrong: Collecting specimens before meals will avoid possible emesis from coughing after eating.

Q: The surgeon administers nasal epinephrine to a patient after nasal surgery. The nurse explains to the patient that this is done primarily to
- anesthetize the nares.
- reduce the possibility of bleeding.
- enhance respiration
- dry up the nasal mucus.
A: reduce the possibility of bleeding.
If right: 1:1,000 epinephrine promotes local vasoconstriction and reduced the possibility of bleeding. Epinephrine does act as a bronchodilator, but is used primarily for vasoconstriction post nasal surgery.
If wrong: 1:1,000 epinephrine promotes local vasoconstriction and reduced the possibility of bleeding. Epinephrine does act as a bronchodilator, but is used primarily for vasoconstriction post nasal surgery.

Q: Which position is the most beneficial for a patient after surgery for creation of a tracheostomy?
- Trendelenburg
- Dorsal recumbent
- Lithotomy
- Mid-Fowler’s
A: Mid-Fowler’s
If right: Maintain head of bed elevation of 30 degrees or higher (mid-Fowler’s).
If wrong: Maintain head of bed elevation of 30 degrees or higher (mid-Fowler’s).

Q: Prevention of acute respiratory complications in surgical patients is a nursing goal that involves which intervention?
- Obtaining baseline pulmonary function tests for all preoperative patients.
- Teaching all preoperative patients how to use incentive spirometers and how to cough and deep breathe effectively.
- Obtaining baseline arterial blood gases for all preoperative patients over the age of 65.
- Keeping at-risk patients in an upright position during the postoperative course.
A: Teaching all preoperative patients how to use incentive spirometers and how to cough and deep breathe effectively.
If right: Postoperatively, patients should be reminded to cough, deep breathe, and change positions every 1 to 2 hours.
If wrong: Postoperatively, patients should be reminded to cough, deep breathe, and change positions every 1 to 2 hours.

Q: Which are signs of respiratory distress?
- Nasal flaring, symmetrical chest wall expansion
- Substernal retracting, SaO_2 97%
- Abdominal breathing, SaO_2 89%
- Symmetrical chest wall expansion, substernal retraction
A: Abdominal breathing, SaO_2 89%
If right: Observe the patient’s facial expressions and signs of respiratory distress such as flaring nostrils, substernal or clavicular retractions, asymmetrical chest wall expansion, and abdominal breathing.
If wrong: Observe the patient’s facial expressions and signs of respiratory distress such as flaring nostrils, substernal or clavicular retractions, asymmetrical chest wall expansion, and abdominal breathing.