Title: Module Fourteen Quiz
Course: CNT 2001 Computer Networks & Communications > Section: Module 14 Network Troubleshooting

Q: What Windows command will display the MAC address?
- ipconfig
- ipconfig /hw
- ipconfig /all
- ipconfig /showall
A: ipconfig /all
If right: Ipconfig comes with additional functionality. The command ipconfig /all provides more detailed information about the computer’s adapters, including the devices’ MAC addresses.

Q: What command is used to test network connectivity between two hosts?
- ipconfig
- ping
- netstat
- ifconfig
A: ping
If right: Ping is a little program designed to determine whether a specific IP address is reachable on the network. By pinging various IP addresses, you can test your network and possibly determine where a loss of connectivity may be occurring. Ping is used the same way in both Linux/UNIX and DOS/Windows environments.

Q: What Windows command displays the IP address and subnet mask?
- ipconfig
- ping
- netstat
- ifconfig
A: ipconfig
If right: The ipconfig command-line tool is found in all current versions of Microsoft Windows. The purpose of ipconfig is to display IP addresses, subnet masks, and default gateways of each adapter on the computer it is run on.

Q: What Linux command displays the IP address and subnet mask?
- ipconfig
- ping
- netstat
- ifconfig
A: ifconfig
If right: Interface Configuration (ifconfig) is the Linux/UNIX equivalent to ipconfig. Ifconfig can give you the same information that ipconfig does when used without any parameters. However, ifconfig has more parameters than ipconfig does.

Q: What Linux command is used to test network connectivity while showing each hop along the way?
- tracert
- traceroute
- TELNET
- ipconfig
A: tracert
If right: Traceroute is a Linux/UNIX CLI tool that reports back each stop a packet makes on its way to a destination; this is called a packet’s route. The destination is identified by its IP address.

Q: What Linux command combines the capabilities and functionality of ping and traceroute?
- traceroute /all
- ping /all
- mtr
- pathping
A: mtr
If right: MTR is a Linux/UNIX command-line tool that combines the capabilities and functionality of traceroute and ping. Only a few parameters can be used with mtr and they can be found in mtr’s main page.

Q: What protocol do ping and tracert use?
- http
- TELNET
- ICMP
- UDP
A: ICMP
If right: Ping and Tracert use the ICMP protocol and issue an echo request packet to the IP address you are attempting to ping. When the IP address receives the echo request packet, it responds back with an echo reply packet.

Q: What Windows command is used to test network connectivity while showing each hop along the way?
- tracert
- traceroute
- TELNET
- ipconfig
A: tracert
If right: Tracert reports back each stop a packet makes on its way to a destination (the packet’s route) and identifies the destination by its IP address. Tracert is the DOS/Windows equivalent to traceroute.

Q: What stage of a troubleshooting methodology process allows you to determine how big of a problem you have?
- Gather information
- Identify the affected areas of the network
- Determine if anything changed
- Establish the most probable cause
A: Identify the affected areas of the network
If right: When you are troubleshooting a network, usually a problem that shows up in one area is not actually limited to that one area. More often than not, the problem is larger than the area that initially reported the problem; simply, one person noticed the problem first and reported it. When a network problem is reported, it is your job to verify that the problem is either limited to the area reporting it, or to identify other areas that are also reported.

Q: After you determine what the problem is and how big the problem is, you should then ask ______________.
- the manager’s name
- whether there is a security breach
- whether anything changed
- what the most probable cause is
A: whether anything changed
If right: One of the first questions you should ask when a problem is reported is, Has anything changed? This question may be simple to answer because you had personally made a change or it could be more complicated. Just because you have not changed anything locally on a computer or on the network does not mean that nothing changed. Many times, end users will install software or patches and updates without letting anybody know.

Q: What is the step that identifies the systems and the problems?
- Gather information
- Identify the affected areas of the network
- Determine if anything changed
- Establish the most probable cause
A: Gather information
If right: The first step in any troubleshooting process is to gather information about what is not working. This process can involve the original problem report as well as discussions with the person who initially reported the problem. These first two components identify the systems and the problems gather information about a problem are very important as they help you narrow down where the problem may be.

Q: What do you call a networking environment that resembles the network’s real environment?
- test environment
- substitute environment
- planned environment
- backup environment
A: test environment
If right: A test environment can be a special lab scenario set up to resemble the real environment, or it can be a small portion of the network to be changed. Either way, running the action plan in a test environment can help identify any unintended results before the action plan is implemented.

Q: After you fix the problem, what is the last thing you should do?
- test the solution
- document the solution and the entire process
- report the problem to Microsoft or Cisco
- duplicate the problem in a test environment
A: document the solution and the entire process
If right: As with all areas of networking, you should have documentation of the entire process you went through after you resolve a problem. This documentation gives you a record of everything you did and, as a result, can serve as a guide should the problem come up again. Documenting the entire process also lets you keep a record of things that did not work as well as things that did.

Q: After you determine the affected area of the problem and its most possible causes, what should you create before attempting to fix the problem?
- reporting plan
- escalation plan
- action plan
- network topology document
A: action plan
If right: After you come up with what you think is the most probable cause of the problem, you need to create an action plan. An action plan details a resolution to the problem you have identified and lists the steps you feel are needed to fix the problem.

Q: Before you implement an action plan, what else do you need to put the network back to its original state?
- reporting plan
- escalation plan
- action plan
- rollback plan
A: rollback plan
If right: You should identify potential effects ahead of time so that you can develop a rollback plan. Such a plan can help you put the system back to its original state if something goes really wrong. It is better to fall back to a network configuration that at least partially works than to find yourself in a situation where the proposed solution actually makes things worse.

Q: What is used to test a fiber-optic cable segment and show where the fault is?
- TDR
- multimeter
- cable tester
- OTDR
A: OTDR
If right: An Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) is a TDR for fiber-optic cables. As expected, it works the same way as a TDR.

Q: What is used to test a copper cable segment and show where the fault is?
- TDR
- multimeter
- cable tester
- toner probe
A: TDR
If right: The main use for Time-Domain Reflectometers (TDRs) is to test in-place cables. When you hook a TDR up to a cable, it sends an electrical pulse down the wire. The response back tells the TDR whether the wiring has a fault somewhere and exactly how far down the cable the fault is located.

Q: What is another name for a packet sniffer?
- butt set
- protocol analyzer
- ping tester
- netstat
A: protocol analyzer
If right: A protocol analyzer is also known as a packet sniffer. One popular protocol analyzer is WireShark.

Q: What is used to check cable impedance or length?
- cable tester
- protocol analyzer
- butt set
- punch-down tool
A: cable tester
If right: A cable tester, as the name suggests, is a tool for testing cables. Cable testers come in a wide variety of shapes and designs, but they all have one thing in common: They are intended to test the connectivity of various cables as a whole as well as any subcomponents within them.

Q: What happens when a signal from one wire interferes with the signal in another wire?
- cross talk
- RFI
- capacitance leaking
- short circuit
A: cross talk
If right: One physical issue that you may encounter in a network is cross talk, when the signal in one wire interferes with the signal in another wire. When this happens, the signals in both wires are affected and both are weakened. As a result, a signal cannot travel as far down the wire as it should, or the packets being sent down the wire can become corrupted and lose their content.

Q: You cannot connect to any server at your company or any website on the Internet using your computer running Windows 7. What should be the first command you run?
- ipconfig
- ping
- tracert
- nslookup
A: ipconfig
If right: The first step in troubleshooting network connectivity problems is to run the ipconfig command to see if Windows thinks you are connected. It can also show you your current IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway. If you use ipconfig /all, you can also see what your DNS servers are.

Q: What is used to test phone lines by phone technicians using a miniature phone handset with alligator clips?
- toner probe
- TRD
- butt set
- cable tester
A: butt set
If right: Butt sets, also called lineman phones, are devices used in telephone communications that allow a technician to connect the butt set to any phone connection and use that connection like a regular phone, or to test the connection to make sure it is working. These devices often look like miniature phone handsets with alligator clips hanging off them. These alligator clips are used to connect to the existing phone line.

Q: What tool would you use to sort a mess of cables that come into a server room?
- toner probe
- TDR
- OTDR
- cable tester
A: toner probe
If right: A toner probe is used to find the end of a long run of specific cable. Generally speaking, a tone generator is connected to one end of the long run and turned on. You then go into the switch room where the various cable runs terminate and wave the wand of the toner probe over the different terminations until you can pick up the tone generated by the tone generator. This tone tells you which cable is the termination point in the switch or patch panel.

Q: What Windows program is used to test DNS resolution?
- arp
- nslookup
- ipconfig
- netstat
A: nslookup
If right: Nslookup is a CLI tool that is used to look up DNS servers. If you have a domain name, you can find out what the servers are for that domain. Nslookup also displays the IP address of the DNS server on the network being used to run nslookup.

Q: What protocol is used to translate from IP address to MAC address?
- ARP
- ICMP
- UDP
- TCP
A: ARP
If right: The ARP protocol translates the IP address (logical address) to the MAC address (physical address).

Q: What Windows command shows the ARP table?
- ipconfig /arp
- arp
- nslookup
- ntbtstat
A: arp
If right: The arp tool is used to display a computer’s ARP table. All network devices have an APR table; it contains the IP and MAC addresses of all the other network devices it has been in contact with.

Q: What would be the closest utility in Windows for the mtr command?
- traceroute /all
- ping /all
- mtr
- pathping
A: pathping
If right: PathPing is a network utility that combines the functionality of ping with that of tracert. It provides details of the path between two hosts and ping-like statistics for each node in the path based on samples taken over a time period, depending on how many nodes are between the start and end host.

Q: What command is used to display information about network connections, routing tables, and interface statistics?
- tracert
- route
- nbtstat
- netstat
A: netstat
If right: The netstat command-line tool is used to display information about network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multicast memberships. Depending on what parameters you use, you can get quite a bit of information about a computer by using the netstat tool.

Q: What command is used to obtain information about NetBIOS connections?
- tracert
- route
- nbtstat
- arp
A: nbtstat
If right: The nbtstat command is used to obtain information about a local machine and the devices it is connected to, based on NetBIOS names.

Q: What command would you use to display the routing table on a server?
- tracert or traceroute
- route
- nbtstat
- arp
A: route
If right: The route command is used to view and/or manipulate the routing table located on the targeted device, either by adding or removing static routes. Specifically, the route command is intended to set up static routes to specific network locations from the local interface. This command works the same way in both the Linux/UNIX and DOS/Windows environments.

Q: What happens if you have the wrong subnet mask?
~ The subnet mask tells the computer what portion of an IP address is network and what portion is host. If you have the wrong subnet mask in a computer, the computer will identify the network the computer is part of incorrectly. When this happens, end users won’t be able to access the network they are attempting to access, and more often than not, no network at all.

Q: Why is it important to follow a troubleshooting methodology when dealing with networking?
~ If you aren’t following a troubleshooting methodology, you may be just trying things blindly; as a result, you will miss things that would have you go in different directions when troubleshooting. Also, as you try to fix things, you may do more damage or cause the network, server, or service to be down longer than if you were more organized when following a troubleshooting methodology.

Q: What are the basic stages used in the troubleshooting process?
~ Troubleshooting is not just memorizing some steps that will help you resolve all problems you may encounter on a computer or on a network. Instead, troubleshooting is a process that you have to follow to find the problem and then work to resolve it. While this process does have steps, they are very general and designed lead you to possible solutions rather than give you the answer outright.

Q: You cannot connect to a server. What are the steps you should use to troubleshoot this problem?
~ Logical connectivity issues usually have something to do with a configuration being wrong or incorrect somewhere on the network. The configuration issue can be on a local computer, a switch, router, server, or some other network connectivity device. Of course, in these situations, following a basic troubleshooting methodology will help you troubleshoot this efficiently.