Title: Module 3 Introduction
Course: DEH 2400 Oral Pathology > Section: Module 3 Immunology

Introduction

This module introduces the immune response. In many cases the immune response is necessary for complete healing to occur. This module describes the different types of immunity and the cells involved. There are various conditions that occur when the immune system malfunctions. Theses conditions will be introduced along with how they are diagnosed, the clinical manifestations, and how these conditions are treated. Included in this module are allergic and immunologic diseases.
The immune response protects the body, however, it can function improperly and cause systemic disease that can have oral manifestations.

Objectives

After completing this module the student will be able to:

- Define the following terms: Acantholysis, Acquired immune response, allergy, anaphylaxis, antibody, antigen, autoantibody, autoimmune disease, B lymphocyte, Cell-mediated immunity, cytokine, humoral immunity, hypersensitivity, immune complex, immunodeficiency, immunoglobulin, LE cell, lymphoid tissue, macrophage, mucositis, natural killer cell, Nikolsky’s sign, rheumatoid factor, T lymphocyte, thymus, xerophthalmia, and xerostomia.
- Describe the primary difference between an immune response and an inflammatory response.
- List and describe the two main types of lymphocytes, their origins, and their activities.
- List the activities of macrophages.
- Using the cells involved, describe the difference between antibody-mediated (humoral) immunity and cell-mediated immunity.
- Describe the difference between passive and active immunity and give an example of each.
- List and describe four types of hypersensitivity reactions and give an example of each.
- Describe and contrast the clinical features of each of the three types of aphthous ulcers. List systemic disease associated with aphthous ulcers.
- Describe and compare the clinical features of urticaria, angioedema, contact mucositis, fixed drug eruption, and erythema multiforme.
- Describe the clinical and histologic features of lichen planus.
- List the triad of systemic signs that comprise Reactive Arthritis and describe the oral lesions that occur in this condition.
- Name the two cells that characterize Langerhans cell disease histologically. Describe the acute disseminated form, chronic disseminated form, and chronic localized form and state the names that traditionally have been used for each of these conditions.
- Describe the oral manifestations of each of the following autoimmune diseases: Lupus erythematosus, pemphigus vulgaris, mucous membrane pemphigoid, and Behcet syndrome.
- Define desquamative gingivitis, describe the clinical features, and list three diseases in which desquamative gingivitis may occur.
- Describe the components of Behcet syndrome.

Reading and Resources

Textbook: Immunity pp. 80-117
Video: What is Reiter’s Disease? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PftPlnJtRE8
Article: Behcet’s disease-a contemporary review. Journal of Autoimmunity 32 (200) 178-188http://xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/18937656/864243514/name/Behcet's_review_2009.pdf
Article: Understanding the Epidemiology and Progression of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2813992/pdf/nihms104220.pdf