Title: Human Development Exam 01
Course: PRN 0020 Human Development and Lifespan > Section: Module 3 Pre-school Child

Q: The stage of family development in which the transition to parenthood is seen as a major event is known as the:
- expectant stage.
- parenthood stage.
- establishment stage.
- engagement/commitment stage.
A: parenthood stage.

Q: The stage of family development in which there is a period of family life when the grown children depart from home is known as the:
- expectant stage.
- senescence stage.
- establishment stage.
- disengagement stage.
A: disengagement stage.

Q: The family pattern that is least open to outside influence is known as the:
- autocratic family pattern.
- patriarchal family pattern.
- matriarchal family pattern.
- democratic family pattern.
A: autocratic family pattern.

Q: The family pattern in which the male usually assumes the dominant role and
functions in the work role, controls the finances, and makes most decisions is known as the:
- autocratic family pattern.
- patriarchal family pattern.
- matriarchal family pattern.
- democratic family pattern.
A: patriarchal family pattern.

Q: The family pattern in which the adult members function as equals is known as the:
- autocratic family pattern.
- patriarchal family pattern.
- matriarchal family pattern.
- democratic family pattern.
A: democratic family pattern.

Q: The mother of a 5-month-old child is concerned because the child cannot sit by himself. The nurse explains that sitting alone is not expected until the baby is:
- 6 months.
- 7 months.
- 8 months.
- 9 months.
A: 7 months.

Q: The newborn is covered with a cream cheese–like substance, which protects the infant’s skin from the amniotic fluid. This substance is called:
- lanugo.
- meconium.
- desquamation.
- vernixcaseosa.
A: vernixcaseosa.

Q: The new mother calls the nurse to her room to show how her baby is “jerking around” when she changes his position. The nurse explains that this response is the normal:
- traction reflex.
- Babinski reflex.
- tonic neck reflex.
- Moro reflex.
A: Moro reflex.

Q: Before initially feeding an infant, the nurse must assess for the presence of the:
- Moro reflex.
- rooting reflex.
- Babinski reflex.
- swallow reflex.
A: swallow reflex.

Q: When measuring the head circumference of an infant, the nurse should place the tape measure:
- across the eyebrows and around the occipital lobe.
- over the zygomatic arches and around the parietal areas.
- around forehead and around the crown of the head.
- above the eyebrows and pinnas and around the occipital lobe.
A: above the eyebrows and pinnas and around the occipital lobe.

Q: The best time to bathe an infant is:
- at bedtime.
- early in the morning.
- after a feeding.
- before a feeding.
A: before a feeding.

Q: Because the water in the infant’s residential area is not fluoridated, the nurse suggests the infant receive supplemental fluoride when the infant is:
- 2 months old.
- 4 months old.
- 5 months old.
- 6 months old.
A: 6 months old.

Q: The nurse tells a mother that the blueprint for all inherited traits, such as height, is found in the:
- sperm.
- ovary.
- chromosomes.
- nucleus of the cell.
A: chromosomes.

Q: The nurse instructs the family of a newborn 7-lb. baby that the anticipated weight at 1 year of age would be:
- 14 lbs.
- 17 lbs.
- 21 lbs.
- 25 lbs.
A: 21 lbs.

Q: The nurse appropriately teaches a young mother that breast milk or formula is the only food an infant needs until:
- 2-3 months.
- 4-6 months.
- 7-9 months.
- 10-12 months.
A: 4-6 months.

Q: A nurse instructing the mother of a young infant about how to introduce solid foods into the infant’s diet should instruct the mother to:
- introduce fruits and vegetables first.
- mix foods to allow the infant variety.
- introduce only one new food at a time.
- introduce new foods at 24-hour intervals.
A: introduce only one new food at a time.

Q: In response to a mother’s concern about the development of a food allergy in her 5-month-old, the nurse suggests delaying introduction of foods including:
- oat cereals.
- potatoes.
- citrus fruits.
- green vegetables.
A: citrus fruits.

Q: The nurse explains that a baby’s muscular development progresses in a pattern that is:
- regressive.
- erratic.
- cephalocaudal.
- unpredictable.
A: cephalocaudal.

Q: A nurse is caring for a neonate who weighs 7 pounds 3 ounces at birth. The nurse explains to the neonate’s mother that by 1 year, the infant’s expected weight will be:
- 10 pounds 3 ounces.
- 14 pounds 6 ounces.
- 21 pounds 9 ounces.
- 28 pounds 12 ounces.
A: 21 pounds 9 ounces.

Q: A nurse is caring for a neonate who is 22 inches in height. The nurse explains to the neonate’s mother that by 1 year, the infant’s expected height will be:
- 29 inches.
- 33 inches.
- 44 inches.
- 56 inches.
A: 33 inches.

Q: A nurse understands that the average apical rate for a 2-month-old is approximately:
- 100 beats per minute.
- 110 beats per minute.
- 120 beats per minute.
- 130 beats per minute.
A: 120 beats per minute.

Q: A nurse recognizes that the average resting respiratory rate for a 12-month-old child
is approximately:
- 15 breaths per minute.
- 20 breaths per minute.
- 25 breaths per minute.
- 30 breaths per minute.
A: 30 breaths per minute.

Q: A nurse assessing a 4-month-old infant expects the infant to:
- crawl up the stairs.
- creep on the floor at least 30 feet.
- walk upright with a waddling gait.
- hold head at a 90-degree angle while prone.
A: hold head at a 90-degree angle while prone.

Q: When discussing growth and development with the parents of a child, the nurse explains that nutrition is the single most important influence on:
- cognitive development.
- secondary sexual characteristics.
- production of blood cells.
- growth of bones and muscle.
A: growth of bones and muscle.

Q: The nurse counsels a young family that a child must have adequate physiological, neuromuscular, and psychological maturity to master toilet training, usually around the age of:
- 6-10 months.
- 10-14 months.
- 14-18 months.
- 18-24 months.
A: 18-24 months.

Q: The home health nurse stresses to parents that the leading cause of fatal injury in children younger than 1 year of age is from:
- burns.
- poisons.
- asphyxiation.
- motor vehicle accidents.
A: asphyxiation.

Q: When a toddler attempts to feed himself, the family should:
- encourage the child to use a fork.
- feed the child themselves using a fork.
- encourage large portions for easier handling.
- offer the child finger foods.
A: offer the child finger foods.

Q: A nurse instructing a group of parents about injury prevention should inform the group that the leading cause of injury and death of infants and young children is:
- accidents.
- child abuse.
- drug abuse.
- adolescent parents.
A: accidents.

Q: A nurse assessing a toddler should consider which finding abnormal?
- Lumbar lordosis
- Cyanotic nailbeds
- A protruding abdomen
- A convex lumbar curve
A: Cyanotic nailbeds

Q: A child who has just begun to demonstrate object permanence is in which of Piaget’s stages of cognitive development?
- Sensorimotor
- Preoperational thought
- Formal operational thought
- Concrete operational thought
A: Sensorimotor

Q: A child who has just begun to demonstrate egocentric thinking is in which of Piaget’s stages of cognitive development?
- Sensorimotor
- Preoperational thought
- Formal operational thought
- Concrete operational thought
A: Preoperational thought

Q: According to Erikson, an infant who was abandoned by his or her primary caregiver is at risk for developing a sense of:
- guilt.
- mistrust.
- isolation.
- confusion.
A: mistrust.

Q: A major dental problem among very young children is bottle mouth caries. The nurse suggests a preventative measure of offering:
- juice at bedtime.
- milk at bedtime.
- a sugar-coated pacifier.
- water at bedtime.
A: water at bedtime.

Q: To prevent accidental poisoning of a child, parents are instructed by the home health nurse to place medicines:
- in a dresser drawer.
- in the medicine cabinet.
- in a locked cupboard.
- on a high shelf.
A: in a locked cupboard.

Q: The home health nurse assesses the home for possible dangers because of her awareness that the second leading cause of accidental death in children 1 to 4 years of age is:
- falls.
- asphyxiation.
- poisons.
- burns.
A: burns.

Q: As a child begins to develop language skills, the nurse anticipates that the number of words in a sentence:
- corresponds to the chronological age of the child.
- increases with each month of age.
- matches the number of words they know.
- depends on hollow phrases.
A: corresponds to the chronological age of the child.

Q: When the mother of a 3-year-old expresses concern about her daughter’s slowed growth rate, the nurse’s most informative response would be:
- “Three-year-olds have finished a growth spurt and now their coordination can
catch up.”
- “Children’s growth is hereditary. She may be of small stature like you.”
- “The growth of a 3-year-old is associated with their nutrition. How is she eating?”
- “Your daughter is healthy and happy. Don’t worry about her growth right now.”
A: “Three-year-olds have finished a growth spurt and now their coordination can
catch up.”

Q: The parents ask about preparation of their toddler for hospital admission. The nurse suggests the child be told:
- a week prior.
- 2 weeks prior.
- the day of admission.
- only two or three days before.
A: only two or three days before.

Q: When the newly admitted 2-year-old who was potty-trained before admission begins to wet the bed, the mother is frightened. The nurse can allay anxiety by saying:
- “Don’t be concerned. Accidents happen.”
- “Let’s put a diaper on your child until this gets better.”
- “The stress of hospitalization makes children regress a little.”
- “Your child will relearn ‘potty-training’ if you are patient.”
A: “The stress of hospitalization makes children regress a little.”

Q: The nurse recognizes that getting the hospitalized child to eat adequate amounts of food can be a challenge. One way to enhance nutrition is to:
- reward with sweets for eating meals.
- discourage participation in non-eating activities.
- administer large amounts of nutritious fluids.
- leave nutritious finger foods out for the child to eat.
A: administer large amounts of nutritious fluids.

Q: A pediatric nurse reminds parents of their responsibility in reducing the number of accidents involving children by consistently practicing:
- child awareness.
- good manners.
- anticipatory guidance.
- strict discipline.
A: anticipatory guidance.

Q: When initiating a care plan for a child with special needs, the nurse recognizes the probability that the child will be:
- accustomed to the hospital milieu.
- unable to adapt to the hospital setting.
- withdrawn and uncooperative.
- hospitalized for a longer period of time.
A: hospitalized for a longer period of time.

Q: When attempting to provide information to the parents of a child undergoing surgery, the nurse notes that the parents appear confused and do not seem to remember what they are being told. This may be because of the:
- noisy environment.
- serious nature of surgery.
- increased level of parents’ anxiety.
- developmental age of the child.
A: increased level of parents’ anxiety.

Q: The nurse discovers during the intake assessment of a 5-year-old child that he lives with his biological parents and siblings. The nurse categorizes this family type as a(n):
- extended family.
- blended family.
- social family.
- nuclear family.
A: nuclear family.

Q: The nurse stresses that regular physical activity has been identified as a leading health indicator. Regular physical activity has which positive effect on children?
- Improves social skills
- Reduces fluid retention
- Increases bone and muscle strength
- Increases attention span
A: Increases bone and muscle strength

Q: The nurse teaches a group of parents about a law that states that a rear-facing safety seat secured in the back seat is required for any child who weighs:
- up to 20 pounds.
- between 20 and 30 pounds.
- between 30 and 40 pounds.
- more than 40 pounds.
A: up to 20 pounds.

Q: The pediatric nurse reminds the parents of a 2-year-old that by this age the child should be protected against how many vaccine-preventable childhood diseases?
- 4
- 6
- 8
- 10
A: 10

Q: A 5-year-old who has an imaginary friend with whom he converses frequently is displaying characteristics consistent with Piaget’s:
- operational stage.
- preoperational stage.
- formal operations stage.
- concrete operations stage.
A: preoperational stage.

Q: A nurse instructing a group of parents about steps to reduce the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome should instruct the parents to:
- bottle-feed an infant at night.
- place infants on their stomach to sleep.
- keep an infant’s room well ventilated.
- place soft bedding and pillows in an infant’s crib.
A: keep an infant’s room well ventilated.

Q: A nurse instructing a group of parents about safety rules for infants and young children should instruct the parents to:
- remove plants from the child’s reach.
- provide the infant with a pillow at night.
- use a plastic covering on the infant’s mattress.
- keep the crib sides up and set the mattress at the highest setting.
A: remove plants from the child’s reach.