Course: 2016FA-MCO-115-401

Q: The preferred color is
- red
- green
- blue
- black
A: blue

Q: I am responsible for following the original version of the Guide only.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: RTM stands for _____________________.
- real-time memory
- run-time module
- read the manual
- read the mail
A: read the manual

Q: I can reserve a private appointment with the instructor via
- email
- IM
- youcanbook.me
- Facebook
A: youcanbook.me

Q: My instructor attended __________ State University.
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Illinois
- NC
A: Indiana

Q: There is a Blackboard Orientation available for me hosted at waketech.edu.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: I have to use my college provided student email for anything related to this class when communicating with the instructor.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Links to free software downloads are available in __________________.
- Cleveland Tech
- Cleveland State
- VCL
- Bb Collaborate
A: Cleveland Tech

Q: My grades can be found under ___________________.
- External Links
- Course Information
- Homepage
- Tools & Grades
A: Tools & Grades

Q: I can get basic help for Blackboard via___________________.
- stopping by the Library
- 24/7 toll free call
- live chat
- Student Services
A: stopping by the Library; 24/7 toll free call; live chat

Q: I should be able to turn in assignments on paper for this course.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: I don't have to check in with the instructor when I work in the labs on campus.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: I have to buy a computer for this course.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: I must comply with the school's Information Technologies policy at all times.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: I have to save my files in the proper format requested by the assignment's instructions.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: My instructor will let me speek LEET.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: I HAVE to use the instant messenger client that works with Blackboard.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Netiquette is ___________________.
- being polite online
- not flaming someone
- using good grammar
- all of the above
A: all of the above

Q: I should spend twice as much time studying each week as what the course credit is.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Quizzes can receive make-up dates if I just ask nicely.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Due dates are voided in the event of a snow day.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: "I can request an "I" almost anytime for any reason."
- True
- False
A: False

Q: No _______ M&Ms.
- red
- green
- brown
- black
A: brown

Q: Work submitted after _______ the last day of the semester gets a '0'.
- 10AM
- 12noon
- 10PM
- 12midnight
A: 10PM

Q: I have to pass a quiz before the next quiz is made available.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: "If I get locked out of an assessment in Blackboard, I should ____________."
- tell my instructor if we meet in the hall
- email my instructor
- call my instructor
- call the Bb helpdesk
A: email my instructor

Q: I can get help with taking a quiz from my classmates.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Exams are worth _________ of my grade.
- 50%
- 1/3
- 33%
- 34%
A: 34%

Q: Open labs _____________.
- are optional
- are offered only at certain times
- "scheduled, but flexible with appointments"
- require me to come to campus
A: "scheduled, but flexible with appointments"

Q: With _________ and _________ we can use __________ to demo a lab.
- a webcam
- a mic
- telepresence
- space-time
A: a webcam; a mic; telepresence

Q: Always be sure that any instrument that you are using is operating correctly.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Breadboards used in the lab accept ______ AWG wire.
- 22-24
- 16-18
- 18-22
- 16-Oct
A: 22-24

Q: _____________ is for recording the thought process associated with a lab.
- Wiki
- Blog
- Design notebook
- Email
A: Design notebook

Q: I need to memorize _______________.
- everything
- nothing
- the location of the lab
- the location of my resources
A: the location of my resources

Q: I should ______________________.
- "Save early and save often"
- Wait until the last minute to do everything
- Find alternate ways to access the Internet
- Inform the instructor of broken links in the course site
A: "Save early and save often"; Find alternate ways to access the Internet; Inform the instructor of broken links in the course site

Q: You will have to be an “activated reader” to survive in this course.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Being an “active reader” means that you:
- read a bit, pause, reflect on what you’ve read, and then move on.
- read straight through the material to the end, reflect on what you’ve read, and then move on.
- read a bit, pause, reread what you’ve read, and then move on.
- read a bit, pause, refract on what you’ve read, and then move on.
A: read a bit, pause, reflect on what you’ve read, and then move on.

Q: There is a link in this course's material to an online course that will help me learn to search the Internet for technical material. This course is provided by:
- MIT
- NCSU
- The Open University
- Khan Academy
A: The Open University

Q: Information for how to log in to the computers in the labs on campus can be found:
- in a document linked to from within the Guide.
- in the Guide.
- nowhere that I've yet been given access to.
- in the handout given on the first day of class only.
A: in a document linked to from within the Guide.

Q: Critical infrastructure is the systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital that the incapacity or destruction of such may have debilitating impact on the security, economy, public health or safety, environment, or any combination of those matters accross any Federal, State, regional, territorial, or local jurisdiction.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct!
If wrong: Incorrect, critical infrastructure is, the systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital that the incapacity or destruction of such may have debilitating impact on the security, economy, public health or safety, environment, or any combination of those matters, across any Federal, State, regional, territorial, or local jurisdiction.

Q: The Department of Infrastructure gathers information and plans for hazards to infrastructure.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good! You know that the U.S. Department of Homeland Security does this work.
If wrong: No, that is incorrect. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security works to gather and analyze data related to planning for and responding to hazards to critical infrastructure. They work alongside the Office of Infrastructure Protection, which leads the effort to manage risks to the nation’s critical infrastructure.

Q: Critical Infrastructure is important only because its loss could cause a loss of life.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct. You know that critical infrastructure is important for many reasons, including: life, quality of life, environment, the economy, public health and safety.

Q: The advancements in technology have made making improvements to our critical infrastructure unimportant.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct. You knew that technology has advanced, but in a way that requires further infrastructure updates and maintenance, not in a way to cause them to be obsolete. (In order for humankind to keep up with the technological advancements that have been made, and in order to do so in a manner in which we protect our environment, respect our resources, and ensure that we are good stewards of critical infrastructure for future generations, we must invest our time, money, and resources in critical infrastructure.)

Q: Every day drinking water is lost in the United States due to leaking pipes.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: This is true! Unfortunately our water infrastructure is in need of repair, refurbishment and it is not our only infrastructure system that needs attention.

Q: The Department of Homeland Security combined 22 different federal departments into one large umbrella organization in 2002. Their major purpose is to protect the homeland.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good! This is true.

Q: A lack of funding is a barrier to the upkeep and repairs needed to the U.S. critical infrastructure.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct. Funding is a barrier to the critical infrastructure repair, refurbishment, and maintenance that are really needed.

Q: The average age of all the bridges in the United States is 42.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct. 42 is the average age of all the bridges in the United States.

Q: It is important to think of our infrastructure in its environment. A particular infrastructure system has an impact on our natural environment, socioeconmic environment, and other infrastructure systems.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct. This is very true, and is one of the reasons green infrastructure and clean energy concerns have come to the forefront lately.

Q: A nation wide smart grid system would make it easier to utilize more renewable energy sources (like wind and solar).
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct. This is true, the smart grid would help enable renewable energy to be added to our nation's power grid.

Q: EO 13636 is an executive order dedicated to improving the Internet.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good! EO 13636 is an Executive Order dedicated to improving critical infrastructure cyber security.

Q: Executive Order 13636 is dedicated to improving cyber security in our critical infrastructure.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct! Executive Order 13636, The Executive Order dedicated to improving critical infrastructure cyber security, was put into place in February 2013.

Q: Malware is malicious software. It can damage or disrupt your computer's operation or do other things. It could possibly collect sesitive information.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good. That is correct. (Malware is short for malicious software. It is software that disrupts or damages a computer’s operation, gathers sensitive or private information, or gains access to private computer systems; may include botnets, viruses, worms, Trojans, keyloggers, spyware, adware, and rootkits.)

Q: Installing a firewall, installing anti-virus software, and installing anti-spyware software are recommended and serve as a good way to help defend against malware.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good! (These things may be the best way to avoid issues caused by malware. Install these: firewall, anti-virus software, and anti-spyware software.)

Q: The Department of Homeland Security does not play a part in cyber security.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great, DHS educates the public on safe online practices, issues alerts, and investigates and arrests cyber criminals.

Q: Cyber security has no effect on the average person's daily life.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! Information technology has become a part of most people's daily life. Keeping our identity, banking information, and passwords secure are all things that greater cyber security measures will go a long way to do.

Q: Software or hardware that is recommended to protect your computer hardware, data, and identity include:
- All of these.
- a firewall
- anti-spyware software
- ant-virus software
A: All of these.
If right: Correct!
If wrong: No. This is not the best possible answer. Please review the material and be sure that you are carefully reading each question and all the answer choices.

Q: The critical infrastructure sector of Information Technology is very challenging to keep secure because the ___________ is a part of it.
- Internet
- computer
- cyber criminal
A: Internet
If right: Correct. Having the Internet included makes Information Technology one of the most challenging sectors to protect.
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer.

Q: Some things the Department of Homeland Security does to help protect this sector (Information Technology) are:
- all of these.
- investigate cyber criminals.
- arrest cyber criminals.
- warn the United States of potential threats in the form of actionable cyber alerts.
A: all of these.
If right: Great! That is correct they do all of these.
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer. Please be sure to review the material as well as carefully read each question and all answer choices.

Q: In EO 13636 what group was tasked with creating a cybersecurity framelwork?
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
- Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI)
- Office of Cybersecurity and Communications (CS&C)
A: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
If right: That is correct, NIST is the group that was tasked with designing the cybersecurity framework.
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer. Please review the module material.

Q: The Department of Homeland Security has determined which of these to be critical infrastructure?
- nuclear reactors
- nuclear waste
- nuclear materials
- all of these
A: all of these
If right: Correct.
If wrong: This is not correct. You may want to review the material. Also, be sure to carefully all questions and all possible answers when taking quizzes.

Q: The nuclear sector is interdependent with what other sectors?
- Chemical
- Information Technology
- Energy
- All except Information Technology
A: All except Information Technology
If right: Great! That is correct.
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer.

Q: Nuclear means of or relating to producing or using energy created when the nuclei of atoms are split apart or joined together.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: 20% of the energy supplied through the United States power grid comes from nuclear energy.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: The Department of Homeland Security is the only group that regulates nuclear power in the United States.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is the main regulatory body over nuclear energy.

Q: The Department of Energy helps protect Americans from the threat of pollution and nuclear harm while maintaining a stockpile of nuclear weapons used to protect the country.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct. The DOE does work to protect Americans from nuclear threat and pollution while maintaining a stockpile of nuclear weapons used to protect the country.

Q: Nuclear energy does not produce the harmful by-product carbon dioxide.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct.

Q: The chain reaction used to obtain electricity from a nuclear reactor is called fusion.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct. Fission is the method most nuclear reactors use to create electricity. It is a chain reaction.

Q: The most common way to harness the power of a nuclear reaction is to cause nuclear fission and use the heat energy created from that reaction to create steam.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good, this is correct.

Q: The main use of nuclear material (material that is not involved in power production or weapons) is in the field of medicine.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct!

Q: The United States has brand new and only completely up-to-date equipment on its power grid.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct. Unfortunately, the United States does not have a new power grid. However, the U.S. is currently working to replace its old power grid with newer more up-to-date equipment, and will implement the smart grid technology already in use in other countries.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The energy sector is described as providing an enabling function across all the critical infrastructure sectors.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The United States electric grid is divided into three main parts, which of these is NOT one of these parts?
- Southern Interconnection
- Texas Connection
- Eastern Interconnection
- Western Interconnection
A: Southern Interconnection
If right: Very good! That is correct, there is no Southern Interconnection.
If wrong: That is not correct, please review the material in the module and be sure to carefully read all of the question and all possible answers.

Q: The electric grid was set up in 1926 because of the Electricity Supply Act.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good! The National Electric Grid was set up in 1926 with the Electricity Supply Act.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Direct current is used on the power grid because it is easily manipulated to proper voltages.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct, it is actually alternating current that is used in the power grid.
If wrong: Incorrect. Please review the material in the module again.

Q: A major long-term electrical outage could in no way impact the banking industry.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! You know that the banking industry relies on electricity, as do many other critical infrastructure sectors, and would be adversely affected by a long-term outage.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: In the United States a 110 volt system is typically used in our homes.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct. This is true. We do typically use a 110 volt system in our homes.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Renewable energy comes from _______________________________.
- renewable sources like the sun and the wind
- oil burning power plants
- coal burning power plants
A: renewable sources like the sun and the wind
If right: Great!
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer, please review the material pertaining to renewable energy.

Q: In order to coordinate activities and provide direction in establishing a smart grid accross the United States a Federal Smart Grid Task force was created.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct! The Task Force now has private/public partnership funding and has government and industry stakeholders working together to help bring the smart grid to the United States.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The current power grid in place in the US has no storage capabilites, meaning that those collecting solar or wind energy cannot readily sell it and provide it directly to the power grid.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The types of communications infrastructure discussed in the scope of this course include: wireline, wireless, satellite, broadcasting, and _______________.
- cable
- transportation
- smart grid
- Department of Homeland Security
A: cable
If right: Correct!
If wrong: Incorrect. Cable is the only form of infrastructure listed here that will correclty complete the sentence.

Q: Communications satellites are typically made up of:
- all of these.
- communication payload
- engines
- power subsystem
- command and control subsystem
A: all of these.
If right: Great!
If wrong: No, the correct answer is all of these.

Q: Comsat is short for communications satellite.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: Incorrect, comsat is short for communications satellite.

Q: If you drew a map of cell phone provider towers and the coverage range they provided, the shape of the covered area would closely resemble a circle.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct! The shape of the coverage area would most closely resemble a hexagon.
If wrong: No, this is false. The shape of the coverage area would most closely resemble a hexagon.

Q: Much of the copper wire that was once in the wired (landline) telphone system in the United States has been replaced.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct! This is true, although not all the copper wire has been replaced.
If wrong: This in incorrect. The answer is true. Much of the copper wire, but not all, has been replaced.

Q: PSTN stands for Public Station Telephone Network.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good! This is false because PSTN stands for Public Switched Telephone Network or System.
If wrong: Incorrect. This is false, because PSTN stands for Public Switched Telephone Network or System.

Q: Satellite technology is only helpful for providing television broadcasts.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct! Satellite technology provides satellite phones, television, radio, and Internet access.
If wrong: No, this is false. Satellite technology provides satellite phones, television, radio, and Internet access.

Q: The last mile or local loop is the section of the PSTN that still maintains a two wire analog connection. It is located at the end user's (telephone customer's) location.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good!
If wrong: No, this is true.

Q: One of the threats to communications infrastructure is RF interference.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good! This is true, RF interference, or radio frequency interference, could interfere with communications of police, fire, and other emergency services.
If wrong: Incorrect. This is true. RF interference, or radio frequency interference, could interfere with communications of police, fire, and other emergency services.

Q: The communications sector could not be suseptable to the same threats as the Information Technology sector.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! This is false. As Voice-over-Internet protocol (VoIP) becomes increasingly popular and more methods of communications rely on digital technologies, we leave the nation’s communications infrastructure open to the same threats that the Internet has become targeted by, like the Denial-of-Service attacks.
If wrong: No, this is false. As Voice-over-Internet protocol (VoIP) becomes increasingly popular and more methods of communications rely on digital technologies, we leave the nation’s communications infrastructure open to the same threats that the Internet has become targeted by, like the Denial-of-Service attacks.

Q: There are only two types of dams, the cofferdam used to build a permanent dam and the gravity dam the dam that is used permanently.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct! There are at least three types of dams in addition to cofferdams. Some dams even combine more than one type to form a type of hybrid dam.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: A gravity dam is curved in an arch towards the water flow, and is often made of concrete.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! This more closely describes an arch dam.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: A gravity dam is low maintenance with high performance. They are typically made of solid concrete.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The dam sector has interdependencies with _____________________________________________________.
- all of these
- food and agriculture sector
- transportation systems sector
- water and wastewater systems sector
A: all of these
If right: That is correct!
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer. Please review the material again.

Q: The dams sector includes dams, __________________________________________.
- hydroelectric plants
- levees
- dikes
- coal fired power plants
- all of these except D
A: all of these except D
If right: Great! That is correct.
If wrong: This in not correct. Please review the material in the modle.

Q: The Hoover Dam is an example of an arch-gravity dam.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct!
If wrong: Incorrect. You might want to review the material on the Hoover Dam.

Q: Dams often have benefits beyond the purpose of containing and managing water.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good! This is true, many dams provide recreational facilities.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Before building a dam the chosen location's environment must be studied and a ____________ is usually hired to perform an analysis of the site to see if it is capable of safely supporting a dam.
- geologist
- meteorologist
- archaeologist
- sociologist
A: geologist
If right: Correct. A geologist studies the Earth's history through its structure, in particular they study rocks and minerals.
If wrong: That is not the best answer. Review the material in the module again please.

Q: Alternative energy generally is a term used to describe energy sources that do not rely on fossil fuels.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: No, this is incorrect.

Q: Thermal energy that is stored in the Earth is _________________ energy.
- geothermal
- hydropower
- hydrokinetic
- all of these
A: geothermal
If right: Good! Geothermal energy is, thermal energy that is stored in the Earth.
If wrong: No, that is not correct. Read the material in the module again.

Q: A geothermal heat pump system takes advantage of ___________________________________________.
- the fact that temperatures remain fairly constant underground
- moving water can be used to create electricity
- biological matter can be used to create energy
- water can be used from oceans, rivers, or streams
A: the fact that temperatures remain fairly constant underground
If right: Very good! You knew that underground temperatures remain fairly constant and are generally cooler than the outside temperature in the summer and warmer than the outside temperature during winter.
If wrong: No, that is not correct. Reread the material in the module. Look especially for information on geothermal heat pumps.

Q: Biomass is biological matter that can be used as a source of energy and often refers to plant matter.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good!
If wrong: No, incorrect.

Q: Both green energy and renewable energy would fit the definition of alternative energy.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Plant matter burned for fuel is biomass.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: This is true. Biomass refers to biological matter used as a source of energy. Biomass often refers to plant matter. It can be burned for heat or converted to biofuel.

Q: Green energy would include burning fossil fuels to create electricity.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Smart meters are digital meters that record electrical usage in real time and enable communication with the smart grid.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!

Q: Smart grid was developed to provide more reliable electricity.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct!

Q: Smart appliances can be connected to smart meters and can help you use energy during off-peak hours (when prices can be lower).
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good.

Q: The green button idea is
- the idea that electricity consumers who are well informed can make better usage decisions
- is an appliance that can be connected to a smart meter to help you shift energy usage to lower cost off-peak times
- is a digital meter that communicates with the smart grid
- none of these
A: the idea that electricity consumers who are well informed can make better usage decisions
If right: Great! The green button concept reasons that informed consumers can make better decisions.
If wrong: No, this is not correct. Please review the material in the module.

Q: The smart grid system would minimize the number of power outages and shorten the link of outages because it uses _________________________.
- technology and communication that improve fault detection and allows for self-healing and load balancing.
- the green button idea.
- smart appliance support.
A: technology and communication that improve fault detection and allows for self-healing and load balancing.
If right: Great!
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer. You may want to review the material pertaining to smart grid.

Q: Implementation of the smart grid system in the United States would cause a drop in American employment.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct, employment is already on the rise due to smart grid implementation.

Q: Benefits to the smart grid would include:
- enhanced reliability
- advancements in the use of alternative energies
- better informed consumers
- all of these
A: all of these
If right: Yes! All of these would be examples of the benefits of implementing the smart grid.
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer.

Q: Privacy (protection of data about the consumer) and securing the smart grid are the two main concerns that most people have about smart grid implementation.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct.

Q: Some of the types of manufacturing that are included in the critical manufacturing sector are:
- Metal
- Machinery
- Electrical Equipment
- All of these
A: All of these
If right: That is correct! Metal, machinery, electrical equipment, and transportation manufacturing are all a part of critical manufacturing.
If wrong: This is not the best answer. Review the material in the module and reread the items listed that are a part of critical manufacturing.

Q: Metal manufacturing is:
- manufacturing in which raw materials are made into easily usable resources like sheet metal, bar stock, or I-beams.
- responsible for making engines, turbines, power transmission equipment, and industrial controls.
- includes electric motor production as well as manufacturing of  generators, transformers, and other material used in electrical power generation.
- includes the manufacture of automobiles, trucks, heavy equipment, and railroad rolling stock.
A: manufacturing in which raw materials are made into easily usable resources like sheet metal, bar stock, or I-beams.
If right: That is correct!
If wrong: No, this is not the best answer. Review the material on metal manufacturing.

Q: Machinery manufacturing is:
- responsible for making engines, turbines, power transmission equipment, and industrial controls.
- includes electric motor, generator, transformer, and other electrical power generation material production.
- the manufacturing of automobiles, trucks, heavy equipment, and more.
- the manufacturing area that converts raw material into easily usable resources like bar stock, pipe, I-beams, and sheet metal.
A: responsible for making engines, turbines, power transmission equipment, and industrial controls.
If right: Great, that is correct!
If wrong: This is not the best answer. Review the material related to machinery manufacturing.

Q: Electrical manufacturing is:
- manufacturing that includes the production of generators, transformers, and other materials used in electrical power generation.
- responsible for making engines, turbines, industrial controls, and more.
- production of automobiles, trucks, heavy equipment, and airplanes.
- responsible for turning raw materials into readily usable materials like sheet metal, pipe, and I-beams.
A: manufacturing that includes the production of generators, transformers, and other materials used in electrical power generation.
If right: Great! That is correct.
If wrong: This is not the best answer. Review the material pertaining to electrical manufacturing.

Q: Without critical manufacturing in  the United States, it is possible that there would be some needs for items that we would be unable to meet by importing them.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Yes, that is true.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Keeping the manufacturing industry in the US diverse and robust in no way helps our country financially.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct! This helps to keep the country financially resilient.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Manufacturing things that we need here in the US, rather than importing them, prevents us from having to deal with customs delays and some expense that goes along with importing.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The critical manufacturing sector is important to the United States only because of the jobs that is provides to Americans.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Very good!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Thirteen percent of the United States' gross domestic product is made possible by manufacturing.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Critical manufacturing is nor just important financially, it also meets critical needs.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: There are nine sub-systems that make up the Defense Industry Sector and the DoD calls them Industry Segments.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: There are six parts (sub-sectors) to the DIB sector.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good, there are nine parts to the DIB sector.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The Department of Transportation (DoT) is the Sector Specific Agency (SSA) responsible for the DIB.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct, the SSA for the DIB sector is the Department of Defense (DoD).
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Defense Industrial Base sector is important because:
- it provides essential products and services that keep our military operating.
- ports, bridges, roadways, and highways are crucial to the United States' economy.
- dams can control water and allow water to be used for irrigation or power production.
- without the DIB sector our country would be vulnerable.
- both A and D.
A: both A and D.
If right: Very good!
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer. Please review the material in the module again.

Q: The DOD calls the nine sub-systems that make up the DIB sector ______________________.
- Industry Segments
- unmanned ground vehicles
- sub-surface underwater vehicles
- fixed wing aircraft
A: Industry Segments
If right: That is correct!
If wrong: Incorrect. Review the material in the module again.

Q: What does GUSS stand for?
- Ground Unmanned Support Surrogate
- Gravity Unilateral Space Station
- Ground Up Submarine Systems
- Governed Unity Security System
A: Ground Unmanned Support Surrogate
If right: Great!
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer. Review the material in the module again.

Q: The SSAs that help regulate and protect transportation systems in the United States are the United States Coast Guard, TSA, and DOT.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: The SSAs that regulate the transportation sector (TSA, USCG, and DOT) report to the DHS.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: There are eight groups that belong to the DOT that we learned about here.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: The only reason that the transportation sector is important enough to be considered critical infrastructure is that the military rely on this sector for moving troops and supplies.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good, there are many reasons why transportation is considered critical infrastructure. Our food supply also relies on this sector as does critical manufacturing.

Q: How many miles of track and structure did the Department of Defense designate as critical to the mobilization and resupply of military forces?
- 30,000
- 3,000
- 85,672
- 40,999
A: 30,000
If right: Very good!
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer. You may wish to review the material in this module.

Q: Threats and risks to the transportation sector include:
- all of these.
- cyber attacks.
- lack of funding.
- terrorism.
A: all of these.
If right: Great!
If wrong: The answer you have chosen is not the best possible answer. Please review the material in the module.

Q: Aging infrastructure is not a problem in the United States.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: The only threat the chemical sector faces is that of terrorism.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good, this is false. Other threats include accidents, cyber threats, and natural disasters.
If wrong: This is incorrect.

Q: The chemical sector is considered critical infrastructure because it produces chemicals that are essential to our way of life; this includes chemicals for growing our food supply.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Because the chemical sector only deals with the manufacture, storage, and transportation of chemicals it is not necessary for this sector to update their cyber security practices.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct! Many of these aspects require the use of technology including networked computers and machinery; the chemical sector must absolutely keep their cyber security up-to-date.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The Department of Homeland Security has tasked the chemical sector with reducing the vulnerability of chemical manufacturing and distribution in the United States.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct. The sector is tasked with reducing the vulnerability of chemical manufacturing and distribution in the United States.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The five main segments of the chemical sector are: Basic chemicals, _________________________________________________________________.
- Boutique Chemicals
- Specialty Chemicals
- Pharmaceuticals
- Agricultural Chemicals
- Consumer Products
- All except for A - Boutique Chemicals
A: All except for A - Boutique Chemicals
If right: Very good!
If wrong: Please read the material in the module again.

Q: This sector is usually thought of in terms of the chemical industry supply chain.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great! This is true.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The procurement of raw materials is not a part of the chemical infrastructure sector.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! This is false, the procurement of raw materials is part of the activities associated with the manufacture, distribution, and use of chemicals.
If wrong: Please review the material in the module again.

Q: The ____________ sector is dependent on the chemical sector because of their need for chemicals to make medicines.
- healthcare
- transportation
- communication
- Information Technology
A: healthcare
If right: That is correct, the healthcare sector depends on the chemical sector to provide ingredients for medicines.
If wrong: Incorrect. Please review the material in this module again.

Q: The healthcare and public health sector is complicated and this makes it easier to protect and secure.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! This is false. It is indeed a complicated sector, however this makes it more difficult to protect and secure.

Q: The HPH sector is critical because a breakdown in the sector could cause loss of human life and economic hardship.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: One of the goal's of the HPH sector is to mitigate risks to its cyber assets, because they could result in disruption to or denial of health services.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Professionals who work in the HPH sector would include:
- doctors, nurses, veterinarians, clinical lab technichians, and pharmacists.
- respiratory therapists
- nuclear medicine technologists
- all of these
- all of these except veterinarians
A: all of these
If right: That is correct! All of these is correct.
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer. Please read the material in the module again. Also, be sure that you are reading the entire question and all possible answer choices before picking your best possible answer.

Q: Which of the HPH sector's four main goals would most closely cover the need to protect hospitals, ambulances, and medical equipment in the event of a terrorist attack?
- Physical Asset Protection
- Cyber Security
- Workforce Protection
- Service Continuity
A: Physical Asset Protection
If right: Great!
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer.

Q: Whic of the HPH sector's four main goals call for healthcare workers to be protected?
- Workforce Protection
- Cyber Security
- Physical Asset Protection
- Service Continuity
A: Workforce Protection
If right: Correct.
If wrong: Incorrect. This is not the best possible answer. You may want to review the material in the module again.

Q: Better and increased methods of information sharing are of little to no concern in the HPH sector.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good! (One of the things the HPH sector strives to do is to shore more information in more ways. Information could be critical in an emergency situation.)

Q: Communications in the commercial facilities sector is important. Employees should be encouraged to communicate amongst themselves.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great! This is true, employees who communicate well with one another will be more likely to quickly and efficiently communicate that something may be wrong if they see something that does not look right.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Employees should be trained in how (to whom) to report a threat, as well as how to recognize them.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: It is not a good idea to practive evacuating a facility.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct. It is a good idea to practice.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Man made hazards include earthquakes, floods, and hurricanes.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! These are natural disasters/hazards.
If wrong: This is incorrect.

Q: Casinos would not be considered a commercial facility.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good. That is correct.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The nature of this sector requires it to provide free moving and quick access. This means that risk management must be as non-obstructive as possible.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The most valuable resource in the Emergency Services sector are the first responders.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The ESS is made up of 5 disciplines: law enforcement, fire and emergency services, emergency management, emergency medical services, and public works.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: ESS stands for Emergency Services Sustainablity.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! You knew that ESS stands for Emergency Services Sector.
If wrong: Incorrect. Please be sure you carefully read the question.

Q: Some manmade threats to this sector include earthquake, flood, and storm.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct, very good! These particular examples are of natural threats.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Some natural threats to this sector include earthquake, flood, and storm.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct, very good! These particular examples are of natural threats.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: IPAWS is the Integrated Public All Clear and Warning System, it began in 2006.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Very good, IPAWS stands for the Integrated Public Alert and Warning System.
If wrong: No, this is not the best possible answer. Review the material in the module on IPAWS.

Q: IPAWS is the Integrated Public Alert and Warning System, it began in 2006.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good, IPAWS stands for the Integrated Public Alert and Warning System.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: You could say that three of the main things (in the ESS system) that are always focused on are: preparedness, response, and recovery.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good! This is true.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The Government Facilities Sector contains only buildings.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Government buildings that do not hold materials of a sensative nature are not protected under the Government Facilites Sector.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: The National Monuments and Icons Subsector protects assets, systems, and networks that are considered:
- part of our national heritage
- listed on the List of National Historic Landmarks
- listed on the National Trgister of Historic Places
- all of these
- none of these
A: all of these
If right: That is correct, very good.
If wrong: No, this is not the best possible answer. Please go through the material again.

Q: The Government Facilities Sector is dependant on:
- all of these
- the Transportation Sector
- the Energy Sector
- the Healthcare and Public Health Sector
A: all of these
If right: Yes, that is correct.
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer. Please review the material found in this module.

Q: Examples of assets considered a part of the Government Facilities Sector would be:
- courthouses, embassies, national laboratories, office buildings, military installations
- zoos, parks, amusement parks, fairs
A: courthouses, embassies, national laboratories, office buildings, military installations
If right: Great!
If wrong: No, that is not the best possible answer. Review the material on Government Facilities Sector assests.

Q: The employees who perform essential tasks, who hold tactical, operational, or strategic knowledge are considered to be part of the Government Facilities Sector.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: The great number of government facilities combined with the locations (many of which are in other countries) makes the Government Facilities Sector one of the easiest sectors to protect.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Sanitation laws are not covered under the Food and Agriculture Sector.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The definition of food that the 2002 Bioterrorism Act provided includes pet and farm animal food as well as dietary supplements.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good, this is true.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Attacks or contaminations to the Food and Agriculture Sector could only cause some financial hardship.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great, this is false. Attacks and contamination could cause public health consequences and possibly animal and plant health issues too.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The Food and Agriculture Sector works to:
- all of these
- deter threats to the sector
- minimize the consequences from large-scale incidents
- reduce vulnerability of the food supply
A: all of these
If right: Very good! They work to do all of these.
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer. Please review the material in the module.

Q: The two groups that are most closely associated with the Food and Agriculture Sector are:
- FDA and USDA
- FDA and FBI
- IRS and USDA
- FCC and USDA
A: FDA and USDA
If right: Very good! The FDA and the USDA are the Food and Agriculture Sector's Sector Specific Agencies.
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer. Please review the material in the module.

Q: The Food and Agriculture Sector depends on the Water and Wastewater Systems Sector because water is needed to irrigate crops.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The threats to the Food and Agriculture Sector that are mentioned in the reading are:
- all of these
- none of these
- bioterrorism
- human or man-made events
- cyber security threats
- natural disasters
A: all of these
If right: Correct.
If wrong: Incorrect. You may want to review the reading.

Q: Someone trying to take control of, or even stop, the water supply to a big city would be an example of a possible terrorist threat.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: A malicious hacker trying to gain access to the control systems in a water treatment plant would be an example of a natural disaster.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, and floods are examples of potential bioterrorist acts.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Pandemic influenza would be an example of a pandemic threat.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Someone maliciously hacking in to control systems and trying to take control of, or even stop, the water supply to a big city would be an example of a possible pandemic threat.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Someone maliciously hacking in to control systems and trying to take control of, or even stop, the water supply to a big city would be an example of a possible cyber security threat.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Wastewater could contain:
- inorganic materials and pathogens
- animals, gases, toxins
- pharmaceuticals
- all of these
A: all of these
If right: Very good!
If wrong: Incorrect. You may want to review the module. Also, please be sure you are reading quiz questions and all possible answers in their entirety.

Q: Methods for treating wastewater include:
- chemical
- biological
- physical
- none of these
- all of these
A: all of these
If right: Yes, that is correct.
If wrong: No, the answer you have chosen is not the best possible answer.

Q: The financial sector has a long history of being prone to the threat of natural disaster.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Very good.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Banks are the only institutions included in the Financial Services Sector.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The Financial Services Sector was formerly named the Banking and Finance Sector.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great! It was called the Banking and Finance Sector until 2013.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: What group was created after September 11, 2001 in an effort to examine the Financial Services Sector's resiliency?
- FBIIC
- FDIC
- FBI
- FBB
A: FBIIC
If right: That is correct.
If wrong: No, this is not the best answer. Please review the material in the module.

Q: Which sectors did this course mention are dependent on the Financial Services Sector.
- all sectors
- the Government Facilities and Commercial Facilities Sectors
- the Critical Manufacturing Sector
- no sectors depend on the Financial Services Sector
A: all sectors
If right: Very good, that is correct!
If wrong: Incorrect. Please review the material in the module again and be sure to carefully read the questions and all possible answers.

Q: The three main goals of the Financial Services Sector are:
- 1. To achieve the best possible position against many threats.
2. To address and manage risks caused by being dependent on: Information Technology, Energy, and Transportation Systems Sectors.
3. To work together (co-operation) with private sector, law enforcement, and regulatory agencies to address threats.
- 1. To identify all threats to the Financial Services Sector.
2. To mitigate all threats.
3. To prevent future new threats.
- 1. To protect the Financial Services Sector from physical threats.
2. To protect the Financial Services Sector from natural disaster.
3. To work together (co-operation) with private sector, law enforcement, and regulatory agencies to address threats.
- 1. To achieve the best possible position against many threats.
2. To protect the Financial Services Sector from natural disaster.
3. To look to the future and predict future threats.
A: 1. To achieve the best possible position against many threats.
2. To address and manage risks caused by being dependent on: Information Technology, Energy, and Transportation Systems Sectors.
3. To work together (co-operation) with private sector, law enforcement, and regulatory agencies to address threats.
If right: Great!
If wrong: No, that is not the best possible answer. Please review the material in the module.

Q: Without the services offered by th Financial Services Sector, Americans would likely not be able to pay one another with checks, deposit money in insured institutions, or invest money in the ways they can now.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: This is incorrect. Please review the module materials.

Q: Most published work currently available about the interdependency of critical infrastructures has been published by people outside of the actual, direct stakeholders.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Pages 1-2
If wrong: Pages 1-2

Q: There is no way a fourth-order impact can happen to a critical infrastructure.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Page 13
If wrong: Page 13

Q: When a catastrophic event occurs and creates issues for one critical infrastructure, the event usually impacts _______ other infrastructure(s).
- one
- no
- more than one
- all
A: more than one
If right: Page 1
If wrong: Page 1

Q: Critical infrastructure interdependency can only be regulated and controlled by __________.
- private sector organizations
- public sector organizations
- governmental sector organizations
- a combination of public and private organizations with governmental oversight
A: governmental sector organizations
If right: Page 7
If wrong: Page 7

Q: A __________ impact is the result of an event occurring directly on a critical infrastructure.
- first-order
- second-order
- third-order
- fourth-order
A: first-order
If right: Page 8, 12
If wrong: Page 8, 12

Q: A __________ impact is the result of an event occurring on an interdependent critical infrastructure.
- first-order
- second-order
- third-order
- fourth-order
A: second-order
If right: Page 12-13
If wrong: Page 12-13

Q: A __________ impact is the result of an event occurring on an interdependent critical infrastructure twice removed from a primary impact.
- first-order
- second-order
- third-order
- fourth-order
A: third-order
If right: Page 13
If wrong: Page 13

Q: Descriptive or subjective information is _______________ in nature.
- quantitative
- qualitative
A: qualitative

Q: Measurable or objective information is _______________ in nature.
- quantitative
- qualitative
A: quantitative

Q: A(n) ____________ number indicates how many items are present regardless of grouping.
- cardinal
- ordinal
- nominal
- imaginary
A: cardinal
If right: Definition modified from https://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/cardinal-ordinal-nominal.html.<br>Understanding of the concept is necessary to fathom the concepts of the types of metrics addressed in the book, beginning on page 13.<br>Ex. “There are six cars.”
If wrong: Definition modified from https://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/cardinal-ordinal-nominal.html.<br>Understanding of the concept is necessary to fathom the concepts of the types of metrics addressed in the book, beginning on page 13.<br>Ex. “There are six cars.”

Q: A(n) ____________ number indicates the item’s position or place in an order.
- cardinal
- ordinal
- nominal
- imaginary
A: ordinal
If right: Definition modified from https://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/cardinal-ordinal-nominal.html.<br>Understanding of the concept is necessary to fathom the concepts of the types of metrics addressed in the book, beginning on page 13.<br>Ex. “He came in third place.”
If wrong: Definition modified from https://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/cardinal-ordinal-nominal.html.<br>Understanding of the concept is necessary to fathom the concepts of the types of metrics addressed in the book, beginning on page 13.<br>Ex. “He came in third place.”

Q: A(n) ____________ number indicates the item’s name or identification.
- cardinal
- ordinal
- nominal
- imaginary
A: nominal
If right: Definition modified from https://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/cardinal-ordinal-nominal.html.<br>Understanding of the concept is necessary to fathom the concepts of the types of metrics addressed in the book, beginning on page 13.<br>Ex. “Please use your ID number for your password to start with.”
If wrong: Definition modified from https://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/cardinal-ordinal-nominal.html.<br>Understanding of the concept is necessary to fathom the concepts of the types of metrics addressed in the book, beginning on page 13.<br>Ex. “Please use your ID number for your password to start with.”

Q: The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) went into effect in ____.
- 1992
- 1993
- 1994
- 1995
A: 1994
If right: Page 9
If wrong: Page 9

Q: The term CIA refers to ______________________.
- confidentiality, integrity, and availability
- critical infrastructure alignment
- competency, intelligence, application
- control, instrumentation, and automation
A: confidentiality, integrity, and availability
If right: Page 16
If wrong: Page 16

Q: In the US, the DHS has identified 16 critical infrastructure sectors. How many consolidated sectors does Macaulay use in the book?
- 10
- 16
- 20
- 103
A: 10
If right: Pages 12 & 16.
If wrong: Pages 12 & 16.

Q: A(n) ___________ is the potential for an unwanted outcome resulting from an incident, event, or occurrence, as determined by its likelihood and the associated consequences.
- attack surface
- vulnerability
- threat
- risk
A: risk
If right: Page 19 & course glossary
If wrong: Page 19 & course glossary

Q: A(n) ___________ is the quality or state of having little resistance to some outside agent.
- attack surface
- vulnerability
- threat
- risk
A: vulnerability
If right: Page 19 & course glossary
If wrong: Page 19 & course glossary

Q: A(n) ___________ is a possible danger to the system.
- attack surface
- vulnerability
- threat
- risk
A: threat

Q: What is common to all critical infrastructure sectors?
- unified governance
- data
- money
- demand
A: data; money
If right: Page 2
If wrong: Page 2

Q: Business continuity is the notion that critical business functions will __________ in the event of injurious activity.
- continue
- continue at acceptable predefined levels
- recover quickly
- backup and shutdown
A: continue at acceptable predefined levels
If right: ISO 22301 2012, section 3, Terms and definitions.
If wrong: ISO 22301 2012, section 3, Terms and definitions.

Q: Electrical grids cropped up across the United States during what time frame?
- The late 1800s
- The late 1900s
- The late 1700s
- The late 1600s
A: The late 1800s
If right: Great! This is correct, both AC and DC power grids sprang up around the United States. They began in competition of each other but in the 1900s governments began creating regulations and regulatory groups.
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer. Please review the material. Also make sure that you are reading the questions and all possible answers carefully.

Q: A ________________________ is a sophisticated monitoring device that can help give operators almost real-time information of what is happening on the electrical grid.
- synchrophasor
- multi-phase monitor
- grid flux monitor
A: synchrophasor
If right: That is great!
If wrong: No, that is not correct. Please review the material in the module again.

Q: The name of the act that Congress passed in 2007 that provided support for work on development of the smart grid system is __________________________________.
- Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA)
- Power Improvement Act (PIA)
- Grid Improvement and Energy Act (GIE)
A: Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA)
If right: That is great! The full name stated in your reading was, "Title XII of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007" the act is also known as EISA.
If wrong: No, this is not the best answer. Review the readings in the module.

Q: Alternating current is used on the power grid in the United States because _______________________________________________________ .
- it is easily manipulated to the correct voltages
- it is cheaper to produce
- it causes less electronic interference
- it flows faster than direct current
A: it is easily manipulated to the correct voltages
If right: That is absolutely correct! Very good!
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer. Please review the material.

Q: The United States has a critical dependence on energy.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The device used to step up the voltage of electricity for transmission is a __________________.
- transformer
- synchrophasor
- transmitter
A: transformer
If right: That is great! Correct!
If wrong: Incorrect. Please review the material in this module.

Q: Power is produced at a generating station or power plant.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Recall the simple diagram that demonstrates the steps of traditional power delivery.  Select the answer that best describes those steps.
- - Power Generation
- Transformer (Step Up Transformer)
- Transmission Lines
- Transformer (Step Down Transformer)
- Customer
- - Power Generation
- Transmission Lines
- Transformer (Step Down Transformer)
- Customer
- - Power Generation
- Transformer (Step Up Transformer)
- Transmission Lines
- Customer
- - Power Generation
- Transmission Lines
- Customer
A: - Power Generation
- Transformer (Step Up Transformer)
- Transmission Lines
- Transformer (Step Down Transformer)
- Customer
If right: Very good, that is correct!
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer. Please review the material as well as the question and all possible answer choices.

Q: There are really 9 grids, not just one big grid, which currently supply electricity to the United States.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct, there are really 3 grids that currently cover the US.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The United States has over 160,000 miles of transmission lines that move electricity from power plants to cities and towns.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: This is true! Very good! (We learned this in the video "How Does the Power Grid Work?")
If wrong: Incorrect. Please review the video "How Does the Power Grid Work?".

Q: Cable television today uses
- fiber optic cable only.
- both fiber optic and coaxial cable.
- coaxial cable only.
A: both fiber optic and coaxial cable.
If right: That is correct.
If wrong: No, this is not correct. Review the material in the module pertaining to cable television.

Q: The transmission of programs or signals from a radio or television system is
- broadcasting.
- cable.
- satellite.
- wireline.
A: broadcasting.
If right: That is correct.
If wrong: No, this is not correct. Please reread the material in the module.

Q: Satellite broadband works in _____ steps.
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
A: 2
If right: That is great! The two steps are: 1) communication between computer and dish via the satellite modem and 2) communication between the dish and the satellite.
If wrong: Incorrect. Reread the material pertaining to satellite broadband.

Q: In the Public Switched Telephone System, ____________________________________________ serves as an address.
- our phone number
- our area code
- our exchange
A: our phone number
If right: Great! Our entire phone number works like an address to help calls get to us.
If wrong: This is not the best answer. You might want to reread the material in the module pertaining to the Public Switched Telephone System.

Q: Threats to the communications infrastructure sector can be mitigated with encryption, monitoring, and cyber security best practices.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good! This is true.
If wrong: This in not correct.

Q: Towers, antennas, and similar are mentioned as tools used in disseminating what type of communication?
- broadcast
- satellite
- cable
A: broadcast
If right: Very good!
If wrong: This is not the best answer. Please review the material in the module again.

Q: Critical infrastructure is the systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital that the incapacity or destruction of such may have debilitating impact on the security, economy, public health or safety, environment, or any combination of those matters accross any Federal, State, regional, territorial, or local jurisdiction.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct!
If wrong: Incorrect, critical infrastructure is, the systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital that the incapacity or destruction of such may have debilitating impact on the security, economy, public health or safety, environment, or any combination of those matters, across any Federal, State, regional, territorial, or local jurisdiction.

Q: The Department of Infrastructure gathers information and plans for hazards to infrastructure.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good! You know that the U.S. Department of Homeland Security does this work.
If wrong: No, that is incorrect. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security works to gather and analyze data related to planning for and responding to hazards to critical infrastructure. They work alongside the Office of Infrastructure Protection, which leads the effort to manage risks to the nation’s critical infrastructure.

Q: Critical Infrastructure is important only because its loss could cause a loss of life.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct. You know that critical infrastructure is important for many reasons, including: life, quality of life, environment, the economy, public health and safety.
If wrong: Incorrect. Critical infrastructure is important for many reasons, including: life, quality of life, environment, the economy, public health and safety.

Q: The advancements in technology have made making improvements to our critical infrastructure unimportant.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct. You knew that technology has advanced, but in a way that requires further infrastructure updates and maintenance, not in a way to cause them to be obsolete. (In order for humankind to keep up with the technological advancements that have been made, and in order to do so in a manner in which we protect our environment, respect our resources, and ensure that we are good stewards of critical infrastructure for future generations, we must invest our time, money, and resources in critical infrastructure.)
If wrong: No, that is not correct. Technology has advanced, but in a way that requires further infrastructure updates and maintenance, not in a way to cause them to be obsolete. (In order for humankind to keep up with the technological advancements that have been made, and in order to do so in a manner in which we protect our environment, respect our resources, and ensure that we are good stewards of critical infrastructure for future generations, we must invest our time, money, and resources in critical infrastructure.)

Q: Every day drinking water is lost in the United States due to leaking pipes.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: This is true! Unfortunately our water infrastructure is in need of repair, refurbishment and it is not our only infrastructure system that needs attention.
If wrong: Unfortunately this is true. Our water infrastructure is in need of repair, refurbishment and it is not our only infrastructure system that needs attention.

Q: The Department of Homeland Security combined 22 different federal departments into one large umbrella organization in 2002. Their major purpose is to protect the homeland.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good! This is true.
If wrong: Incorrect. This is true. (The DHS combined 22 different federal departments and agencies into one. Keeping the critical infrastructure in the United States safe and secure is a major purpose of Department of Homeland Security whose primary mission is to protect our homeland.)

Q: A lack of funding is a barrier to the upkeep and repairs needed to the U.S. critical infrastructure.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct. Funding is a barrier to the critical infrastructure repair, refurbishment, and maintenance that are really needed.
If wrong: Incorrect. Funding is a barrier to the critical infrastructure repair, refurbishment, and maintenance that are really needed.

Q: The average age of all the bridges in the United States is 42.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct.
If wrong: No, that is not correct. 42 is the average age of all the bridges in the United States.

Q: It is important to think of our infrastructure in its environment. A particular infrastructure system has an impact on our natural environment, socioeconmic environment, and other infrastructure systems.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct. This is very true, and is one of the reasons green infrastructure and clean energy concerns have come to the forefront lately.
If wrong: No, that is incorrect. The correct answer is true. In fact, it is very true - this is one of the reasons green infrastructure and clean energy concerns have come to the forefront of infrastructure topics lately.

Q: A nation wide smart grid system would make it easier to utilize more renewable energy sources (like wind and solar).
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct. This is true, the smart grid would help enable renewable energy to be added to our nation's power grid.
If wrong: This in not correct. The smart grid would help enable renewable energy to be added to our nation's power grid.

Q: EO 13636 is an executive order dedicated to improving the Internet.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good! EO 13636 is an Executive Order dedicated to improving critical infrastructure cyber security.
If wrong: Incorrect. EO 13636 is an Exective Order dedicated to improving critcal infrastructure cyber security.

Q: Executive Order 13636 is dedicated to improving cyber security in our critical infrastructure.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct!
If wrong: Incorrect. Executive Order 13636, The Executive Order dedicated to improving critical infrastructure cyber security, was put into place in February 2013.

Q: Malware is malicious software. It can damage or disrupt your computer's operation or do other things. It could possibly collect sesitive information.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good. That is correct.
If wrong: Malware is short for malicious software. It is software that disrupts or damages a computer’s operation, gathers sensitive or private information, or gains access to private computer systems; may include botnets, viruses, worms, Trojans, keyloggers, spyware, adware, and rootkits.

Q: Installing a firewall, installing anti-virus software, and installing anti-spyware software are recommended and serve as a good way to help defend against malware.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good!
If wrong: These things may be the best way to avoid issues caused by malware. Install these: firewall, anti-virus software, and anti-spyware software.

Q: The Department of Homeland Security does not play a part in cyber security.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great, DHS educates the public on safe online practices, issues alerts, and investigates and arrests cyber criminals.
If wrong: No, this is not true. DHS educates the public on safe online practices, issues alerts, and investigates and arrests cyber criminals.

Q: Cyber security has no effect on the average person's daily life.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! Information technology has become a part of most people's daily life. Keeping our identity, banking information, and passwords secure are all things that greater cyber security measures will go a long way to do.
If wrong: That is false. Information technology has become a part of most people's daily life. Keeping our identity, banking information, and passwords secure are all things that greater cyber security measures will go a long way to do.

Q: Software or hardware that is recommended to protect your computer hardware, data, and identity include:
- All of these.
- a firewall
- anti-spyware software
- ant-virus software
A: All of these.
If right: Correct!
If wrong: No. The correct answer would be: all of these.

Q: The critical infrastructure sector of Information Technology is very challenging to keep secure because the ___________ is a part of it.
- Internet
- computer
- cyber criminal
A: Internet
If right: Correct. Having the Internet included makes Information Technology one of the most challenging sectors to protect.
If wrong: Incorrect. Having the Internet included makes Information Technology one of the most challenging sectors to protect.

Q: Some things the Department of Homeland Security does to help protect this sector (Information Technology) are:
- all of these.
- investigate cyber criminals.
- arrest cyber criminals.
- warn the United States of potential threats in the form of actionable cyber alerts.
A: all of these.
If right: Great! That is correct they do all of these.
If wrong: Incorrect. Actually, they do all of these things.

Q: In EO 13636 what group was tasked with creating a cybersecurity framelwork?
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
- Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI)
- Office of Cybersecurity and Communications (CS&C)
A: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
If right: That is correct, NIST is the group that was tasked with designing the cybersecurity framework.
If wrong: No, NIST is the group that was tasked with designing the cybersecurity framework.

Q: The Department of Homeland Security has determined which of these to be critical infrastructure?
- nuclear reactors
- nuclear waste
- nuclear materials
- all of these
A: all of these
If right: Correct.
If wrong: Incorrect. The Department of Homeland Security has determined nuclear reactors, materials, and waste to be one of the 16 sectors of critical infrastructure.

Q: The nuclear sector is interdependent with what other sectors?
- Chemical
- Information Technology
- Energy
- All except Information Technology
A: All except Information Technology
If right: Great! That is correct.
If wrong: Incorrect. Information Technology is the only sector listed here that is not direclty interdependent with nuclear.

Q: Nuclear means of or relating to producing or using energy created when the nuclei of atoms are split apart or joined together.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct.
If wrong: No, that is actually true.

Q: 20% of the energy supplied through the United States power grid comes from nuclear energy.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct!
If wrong: Incorrect. It is true that 20% of the power supplied through the U.S. power grid comes from nuclear energy.

Q: The Department of Homeland Security is the only group that regulates nuclear power in the United States.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is the main regulatory body over nuclear energy.
If wrong: Incorrect. The United States Nuclear Regulartory Commission (NRC) is the regulatory body over nuclear energy.

Q: The Department of Energy helps protect Americans from the threat of pollution and nuclear harm while maintaining a stockpile of nuclear weapons used to protect the country.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct.
If wrong: Incorrect. This is true. The DOE does work to protect Americans from nuclear threat and pollution while maintaining a stockpile of nuclear weapons used to protect the country.

Q: Nuclear energy does not produce the harmful by-product carbon dioxide.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct.
If wrong: No, nuclear energy production does not cause the by-product carbon dioxide.

Q: The chain reaction used to obtain electricity from a nuclear reactor is called fusion.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct. Fission is the method most nuclear reactors use to create electricity. It is a chain reaction.
If wrong: No, that is incorrect. Fission is the method most nuclear reactors use to create electricity. It is a chain reaction.

Q: The most common way to harness the power of a nuclear reaction is to cause nuclear fission and use the heat energy created from that reaction to create steam.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good, this is correct.
If wrong: Incorrect. This is actually true. Fission is the reaction that is most commonly utilized in creating energy.

Q: The main use of nuclear material (material that is not involved in power production or weapons) is in the field of medicine.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct!
If wrong: No, this is not correct. The main use of nuclear material (that material that is not involved in power production or weapons) is in the field of medicine.

Q: The United States has brand new and only completely up-to-date equipment on its power grid.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct. Unfortunately, the United States does not have a new power grid. However, the U.S. is currently working to replace its old power grid with newer more up-to-date equipment, and will implement the smart grid technology already in use in other countries.
If wrong: Incorrect. Unfortunately, the United States does not have a new power grid. However, the U.S. is currently working to replace its old power grid with newer more up-to-date equipment, and will implement the smart grid technology already in use in other countries.

Q: The energy sector is described as providing an enabling function across all the critical infrastructure sectors.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct!
If wrong: Incorrect. This is true, energy enables all the critical infrastructure sectors.

Q: The United States electric grid is divded into three main parts, which of these is NOT one of these parts?
- Southern Interconnection
- Texas Connection
- Eastern Interconnection
- Western Interconnection
A: Southern Interconnection
If right: Very good! That is correct, there is no Southern Interconnection.
If wrong: That is not correct. There is not a Southern Interconnection.

Q: The electric grid was set up in 1926 because of the Electricity Supply Act.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good!
If wrong: Incorrect. The National Electric Grid was set up in 1926 with the Electricity Supply Act.

Q: Direct current is used on the power grid because it is easily manipulated to proper voltages.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct, it is actually alternating current that is used in the power grid.
If wrong: This is not correct. Alternating current is used since it is easily manipulated to the proper voltages.

Q: A major long-term electrical outage could in no way impact the banking industry.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! You know that the banking industry relies on electricity, as do many other critical infrastructure sectors, and would be adversely affected by a long-term outage.
If wrong: This is false. The banking industry relies on electricity, as do many other critical infrastructure sectors, and would be adversely affected by a long-term outage.

Q: In the United States a 110 volt system is typically used in our homes.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct.
If wrong: This is true. We do typically use a 110 volt system in our homes.

Q: Renewable energy comes from _______________________________.
- renewable sources like the sun and the wind
- oil burning power plants
- coal burning power plants
A: renewable sources like the sun and the wind
If right: Great!
If wrong: Renewable energy comes from renewable sources like the sun and the wind.

Q: In order to coordinate activities and provide direction in establishing a smart grid accross the United States a Federal Smart Grid Task force was created.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct!
If wrong: This is actually true. The Task Force now has private/public partnership funding and has government and industry stakeholders working together to help bring the smart grid to the United States.

Q: The current power grid in place in the US has no storage capabilites, meaning that those collecting solar or wind energy cannot readily sell it and provide it directly to the power grid.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct.
If wrong: This is true. One of the benfits to implementing a nation-wide smart grid system will be adding storage capacity in which energy can be stored.

Q: The types of communications infrastructure discussed in the scope of this course include: wireline, wireless, satellite, broadcasting, and _______________.
- cable
- transportation
- smart grid
- Department of Homeland Security
A: cable
If right: Correct!
If wrong: Incorrect. Cable is the only form of infrastructure listed here that will correclty complete the sentence.

Q: Communications satellites are typically made up of:
- all of these.
- communication payload
- engines
- power subsystem
- command and control subsystem
A: all of these.
If right: Great!
If wrong: No, the correct answer is all of these.

Q: Comsat is short for communications satellite.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: Incorrect, comsat is short for communications satellite.

Q: If you drew a map of cell phone provider towers and the coverage range they provided, the shape of the covered area would closely resemble a circle.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct! The shape of the coverage area would most closely resemble a hexagon.
If wrong: No, this is false. The shape of the coverage area would most closely resemble a hexagon.

Q: Much of the copper wire that was once in the wired (landline) telphone system in the United States has been replaced.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct! This is true, although not all the copper wire has been replaced.
If wrong: This in incorrect. The answer is true. Much of the copper wire, but not all, has been replaced.

Q: PSTN stands for Public Station Telephone Network.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good! This is false because PSTN stands for Public Switched Telephone Network or System.
If wrong: Incorrect. This is false, because PSTN stands for Public Switched Telephone Network or System.

Q: Satellite technology is only helpful for providing television broadcasts.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct! Satellite technology provides satellite phones, television, radio, and Internet access.
If wrong: No, this is false. Satellite technology provides satellite phones, television, radio, and Internet access.

Q: The last mile or local loop is the section of the PSTN that still maintains a two wire analog connection. It is located at the end user's (telephone customer's) location.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good!
If wrong: No, this is true.

Q: One of the threats to communications infrastructure is RF interference.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good! This is true, RF interference, or radio frequency interference, could interfere with communications of police, fire, and other emergency services.
If wrong: Incorrect. This is true. RF interference, or radio frequency interference, could interfere with communications of police, fire, and other emergency services.

Q: The communications sector could not be suseptable to the same threats as the Information Technology sector.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! This is false. As Voice-over-Internet protocol (VoIP) becomes increasingly popular and more methods of communications rely on digital technologies, we leave the nation’s communications infrastructure open to the same threats that the Internet has become targeted by, like the Denial-of-Service attacks.
If wrong: No, this is false. As Voice-over-Internet protocol (VoIP) becomes increasingly popular and more methods of communications rely on digital technologies, we leave the nation’s communications infrastructure open to the same threats that the Internet has become targeted by, like the Denial-of-Service attacks.

Q: There are only two types of dams, the cofferdam used to build a permanent dam and the gravity dam the dam that is used permanently.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct! There are at least three types of dams in addition to cofferdams. Some dams even combine more than one type to form a type of hybrid dam.
If wrong: Incorrect, this is false. There are at least three types of dams in addition to cofferdams. Some dams even combine more than one type to form a type of hybrid dam.

Q: A gravity dam is curved in an arch towards the water flow, and is often made of concrete.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! This more closely describes an arch dam.
If wrong: The correct answer is false. This description more closely describes an arch dam.

Q: A gravity dam is low maintenance with high performance. They are typically made of solid concrete.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct.
If wrong: No, this is true. Gravity dams are low maintenance, high performance dams that are made of solid concrete.

Q: The dam sector has interdependencies with _____________________________________________________.
- all of these
- food and agriculture sector
- transportation systems sector
- water and wastewater systems sector
A: all of these
If right: That is correct!
If wrong: That is not correct. The correct answer is all of these.

Q: The dams sector includes dams, __________________________________________.
- hydroelectric plants
- levees
- dikes
- coal fired power plants
- all of these except D
A: all of these except D
If right: Great! That is correct.
If wrong: The correct answer is E - all of these except coal fired power plants

Q: The Hoover Dam is an example of an arch-gravity dam.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct!
If wrong: This is true. The Hoover Dam is an arch-gravity dam.

Q: Dams often have benefits beyond the purpose of containing and managing water.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good! This is true, many dams provide recreational facilities.
If wrong: Incorrect. This is true, many dams provide recreational facilities.

Q: Before building a dam the chosen location's environment must be studied and a ____________ is usually hired to perform an analysis of the site to see if it is capable of safely supporting a dam.
- geologist
- meteorologist
- archaeologist
- sociologist
A: geologist
If right: Correct. A geologist studies the Earth's history through its structure, in particular they study rocks and minerals.
If wrong: That is incorrect. A geologist studies the Earth's history through its structure, in particular they study rocks and minerals.

Q: Alternative energy generally is a term used to describe energy sources that do not rely on fossil fuels.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: No, this is true.

Q: Thermal energy that is stored in the Earth is _________________ energy.
- geothermal
- hydropower
- hydrokinetic
- all of these
A: geothermal
If right: Good! Geothermal energy is, thermal energy that is stored in the Earth.
If wrong: No, that is not correct. Geothermal energy is, thermal energy that is stored in the Earth.

Q: A geothermal heat pump system takes advantage of ___________________________________________.
- the fact that temperatures remain fairly constant underground
- moving water can be used to create electricity
- biological matter can be used to create energy
- water can be used from oceans, rivers, or streams
A: the fact that temperatures remain fairly constant underground
If right: Very good! You knew that underground temperatures remain fairly constant and are generally cooler than the outside temperature in the summer and warmer than the outside temperature during winter.
If wrong: No, that is not correct. Underground temperatures remain fairly constant and are generally cooler than the outside temperature in the summer and warmer than the outside temperature during winter.

Q: Biomass is biological matter that can be used as a source of energy and often refers to plant matter.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good!
If wrong: No, this is true.

Q: Both green energy and renewable energy would fit the definition of alternative energy.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: This is true.

Q: Plant matter burned for fuel is biomass.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: This is true. Biomass refers to biological matter used as a source of energy. Biomass often refers to plant matter. It can be burned for heat or converted to biofuel.

Q: Green energy would include burning fossil fuels to create electricity.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great!
If wrong: No, this is false. green energy must not have a negative impact on our environment. Burning fossil fuels creates higher levels of carbon dioxide in the environment.

Q: Smart meters are digital meters that record electrical usage in real time and enable communication with the smart grid.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: This is true. Smart meters are digital meters that record electrical usage in real time (intervals of an hour or less) and enable communications with the smart grid.

Q: Smart grid was developed to provide more reliable electricity.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct!
If wrong: This is true.

Q: Smart appliances can be connected to smart meters and can help you use energy during off-peak hours (when prices can be lower).
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good.
If wrong: This is true. Using smart appliances in conjunction with a smart meter could help you to use energy more wisely and save money.

Q: The green button idea is
- the idea that electricity consumers who are well informed can make better usage decisions
- is an appliance that can be connected to a smart meter to help you shift energy usage to lower cost off-peak times
- is a digital meter that communicates with the smart grid
- none of these
A: the idea that electricity consumers who are well informed can make better usage decisions
If right: Great! The green button concept reasons that informed consumers can make better decisions.
If wrong: No, this is not correct. The green button concept reasons that informed consumers can make better decisions.

Q: The smart grid system would minimize the number of power outages and shorten the link of outages because it uses _________________________.
- technology and communication that improve fault detection and allows for self-healing and load balancing.
- the green button idea.
- smart appliance support.
A: technology and communication that improve fault detection and allows for self-healing and load balancing.
If right: Great!
If wrong: The correct answer is: technology and communication that improve fault detection and allows for self-healing and load balancing.

Q: Implementation of the smart grid system in the United States would cause a drop in American employment.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct, employment is already on the rise due to smart grid implementation.
If wrong: No, that is not correct. Employment is already on the rise due to smart grid implementation.

Q: Benefits to the smart grid would include:
- enhanced reliability
- advancements in the use of alternative energies
- better informed consumers
- all of these
A: all of these
If right: Yes! All of these would be examples of the benefits of implementing the smart grid.
If wrong: No. All of these would be examples of benefits from implementing the smart grid.

Q: Privacy (protection of data about the consumer) and securing the smart grid are the two main concerns that most people have about smart grid implementation.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct.
If wrong: This is true, these are the two main concerns.

Q: Some of the types of manufacturing that are included in the critical manufacturing sector are:
- Metal
- Machinery
- Electrical Equipment
- All of these
A: All of these
If right: That is correct! Metal, machinery, electrical equipment, and transportation manufacturing are all a part of critical manufacturing.
If wrong: The correct answer is all of these. Metal, machinery, electrical equipment, and transportation manufacturing are all a part of critical manufacturing.

Q: Metal manufacturing is:
- manufacturing in which raw materials are made into easily usable resources like sheet metal, bar stock, or I-beams.
- responsible for making engines, turbines, power transmission equipment, and industrial controls.
- includes electric motor production as well as manufacturing of  generators, transformers, and other material used in electrical power generation.
- includes the manufacture of automobiles, trucks, heavy equipment, and railroad rolling stock.
A: manufacturing in which raw materials are made into easily usable resources like sheet metal, bar stock, or I-beams.
If right: That is correct!
If wrong: No, the correct answer is: manufacturing in which raw materials are made into easily usable resources like sheet metal, bar stock, or I-beams.

Q: Machinery manufacturing is:
- responsible for making engines, turbines, power transmission equipment, and industrial controls.
- includes electric motor, generator, transformer, and other electrical power generation material production.
- the manufacturing of automobiles, trucks, heavy equipment, and more.
- the manufacturing area that converts raw material into easily usable resources like bar stock, pipe, I-beams, and sheet metal.
A: responsible for making engines, turbines, power transmission equipment, and industrial controls.
If right: Great, that is correct!
If wrong: Incorrect, the correct answer is: responsible for making engines, turbines, power transmission equipment, and industrial controls.

Q: Electrical manufacturing is:
- manufacturing that includes the production of generators, transformers, and other materials used in electrical power generation.
- responsible for making engines, turbines, industrial controls, and more.
- production of automobiles, trucks, heavy equipment, and airplanes.
- responsible for turning raw materials into readily usable materials like sheet metal, pipe, and I-beams.
A: manufacturing that includes the production of generators, transformers, and other materials used in electrical power generation.
If right: Great! That is correct.
If wrong: No, that is not correct. The correct answer is: manufacturing that includes the production of generators, transformers, and other materials used in electrical power generation.

Q: Without critical manufacturing in  the United States, it is possible that there would be some needs for items that we would be unable to meet by importing them.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Yes, that is true.
If wrong: No, the correct answer is true.

Q: Keeping the manufacturing industry in the US diverse and robust in no way helps our country financially.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct! This helps to keep the country financially resilient.
If wrong: Incorrect. When we diversify our manufacturing, providing a variety of goods for ourselves as well as for export it makes us more financially resilient.

Q: Manufacturing things that we need here in the US, rather than importing them, prevents us from having to deal with customs delays and some expense that goes along with importing.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: No, the correct answer is true.

Q: The critical manufacturing sector is important to the United States only because of the jobs that is provides to Americans.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Very good!
If wrong: The correct answer is false. Jobs, financial resiliency, and providing goods we need are three of the main reasons that critical manufacturing is so important.

Q: Thirteen percent of the United States' gross domestic product is made possible by manufacturing.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: This is true.

Q: Critical manufacturing is nor just important financially, it also meets critical needs.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good!
If wrong: This is true.

Q: There are nine sub-systems that make up the Defense Industry Sector and the DoD calls them Industry Segments.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good!
If wrong: The correct answer is true.

Q: There are six parts (sub-sectors) to the DIB sector.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good, there are nine parts to the DIB sector.
If wrong: Incorrect, the correct answer is false because there are nine parts to the DIB sector.

Q: The Department of Transportation (DoT) is the Sector Specific Agency (SSA) responsible for the DIB.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct, the SSA for the DIB sector is the Department of Defense (DoD).
If wrong: The correct answer is false. The Department of Transportation (DoT) is the Sector Specific Agency (SSA) responsible for the DIB.

Q: Defense Industrial Base sector is important because:
- it provides essential products and services that keep our military operating.
- ports, bridges, roadways, and highways are crucial to the United States' economy.
- dams can control water and allow water to be used for irrigation or power production.
- without the DIB sector our country would be vulnerable.
- both A and D.
A: both A and D.
If right: Very good!
If wrong: The correct answer is E - both A and D. The DIB sector provides essential products and services that keep our military operating and without the DIB sector our country would be vulnerable.

Q: The DOD calls the nine sub-systems that make up the DIB sector ______________________.
- Industry Segments
- unmanned ground vehicles
- sub-surface underwater vehicles
- fixed wing aircraft
A: Industry Segments
If right: That is correct!
If wrong: Incorrect. The correct answer is Industry Segments.

Q: What does GUSS stand for?
- Ground Unmanned Support Surrogate
- Gravity Unilateral Space Station
- Ground Up Submarine Systems
- Governed Unity Security System
A: Ground Unmanned Support Surrogate
If right: Great!
If wrong: The correct answer is Ground Unmanned Support Surrogate and this vehicle was in one of our videos. It can serve as an unmanned vehicle or can be driven by a soldier if need be.

Q: The SSAs that help regulate and protect transportation systems in the United States are the United States Coast Guard, TSA, and DOT.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great, this is true.
If wrong: The correct answer is true.

Q: The SSAs that regulate the transportation sector (TSA, USCG, and DOT) report to the DHS.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Yes, this is true.
If wrong: No, the correct answer is true.

Q: There are eight groups that belong to the DOT that we learned about here.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great! There are four groups belonging to DOT that we learn about here.
If wrong: No, that is not right. The correct answer is false. There are four groups that belong to the DOT that we learn about here.

Q: The only reason that the transportation sector is important enough to be considered critical infrastructure is that the military rely on this sector for moving troops and supplies.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good, there are many reasons why transportation is considered critical infrastructure. Our food supply also relies on this sector as does critical manufacturing.
If wrong: The correct answer is false. There are many reasons why transportation is considered critical infrastructure. Our food supply also relies on this sector as does critical manufacturing.

Q: How many miles of track and structure did the Department of Defense designate as critical to the mobilization and resupply of military forces?
- 30,000
- 3,000
- 85,672
- 40,999
A: 30,000
If right: Very good!
If wrong: That is not correct. The correct answer is 30,000 miles.

Q: Threats and risks to the transportation sector include:
- all of these.
- cyber attacks.
- lack of funding.
- terrorism.
A: all of these.
If right: Great!
If wrong: The correct answer is: all of these.

Q: Aging infrastructure is not a problem in the United States.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Very good! Aging infrastructure is actually a growing problem in the United States.
If wrong: No, this is not correct. Aging infrastructure is a growing problem in the United States.

Q: The only threat the chemical sector faces is that of terrorism.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good, this is false. Other threats include accidents, cyber threats, and natural disasters.
If wrong: This is not true. Other threats to the chemical sector include accidents, cyber threats, and natural disasters.

Q: The chemical sector is considered critical infrastructure because it produces chemicals that are essential to our way of life; this includes chemicals for growing our food supply.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good!
If wrong: This is true.

Q: Because the chemical sector only deals with the manufacture, storage, and transportation of chemicals it is not necessary for this sector to update their cyber security practices.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct! Many of these aspects require the use of technology including networked computers and machinery; the chemical sector must absolutely keep their cyber security up-to-date.
If wrong: The answer is false. Many of these aspects require the use of technology including networked computers and machinery; the chemical sector must absolutely keep their cyber security up-to-date.

Q: The Department of Homeland Security has tasked the chemical sector with reducing the vulnerability of chemical manufacturing and distribution in the United States.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct.
If wrong: The correct answer is true. The sector is tasked with reducing the vulnerability of chemical manufacturing and distribution in the United States.

Q: The five main segments of the chemical sector are: Basic chemicals, _________________________________________________________________.
- Boutique Chemicals
- Specialty Chemicals
- Pharmaceuticals
- Agricultural Chemicals
- Consumer Products
- All except for A - Boutique Chemicals
A: All except for A - Boutique Chemicals
If right: Very good!
If wrong: The correct answer is F - All except Boutique Chemicals.

Q: This sector is usually thought of in terms of the chemical industry supply chain.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great! This is true.
If wrong: No, the correct answer is true.

Q: The procurement of raw materials is not a part of the chemical infrastructure sector.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! This is false, the procurement of raw materials is part of the activities associated with the manufacture, distribution, and use of chemicals.
If wrong: The correct answer is false. The procurement of raw materials is part of the activities associated with the manufacture, distribution, and use of chemicals.

Q: The ____________ sector is dependent on the chemical sector because of their need for chemicals to make medicines.
- healthcare
- transportation
- communication
- Information Technology
A: healthcare
If right: That is correct, the healthcare sector depends on the chemical sector to provide ingredients for medicines.
If wrong: The correct answer is healthcare. The healthcare sector depends on the chemical sector to provide essential ingredients for medicines.

Q: The healthcare and public health sector is complicated and this makes it easier to protect and secure.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! This is false. It is indeed a complicated sector, however this makes it more difficult to protect and secure.
If wrong: The correct answer is flase. This sector is indeed very complicated, however this makes it harder to protect and secure.

Q: The HPH sector is critical because a breakdown in the sector could cause loss of human life and economic hardship.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good! True is the correct answer.
If wrong: The correct answer is true.

Q: One of the goal's of the HPH sector is to mitigate risks to its cyber assets, because they could result in disruption to or denial of health services.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct.
If wrong: Incorrect. The correct answer is true.

Q: Professionals who work in the HPH sector would include:
- doctors, nurses, veterinarians, clinical lab technichians, and pharmacists.
- respiratory therapists
- nuclear medicine technologists
- all of these
- all of these except veterinarians
A: all of these
If right: That is correct! All of these is correct.
If wrong: No, the correct answer is all of these.

Q: Which of the HPH sector's four main goals would most closely cover the need to protect hospitals, ambulances, and medical equipment in the event of a terrorist attack?
- Physical Asset Protection
- Cyber Security
- Workforce Protection
- Service Continuity
A: Physical Asset Protection
If right: Great!
If wrong: Incorrect. The answer that most closely fits would be Physical Asset Protection.

Q: Whic of the HPH sector's four main goals call for healthcare workers to be protected?
- Workforce Protection
- Cyber Security
- Physical Asset Protection
- Service Continuity
A: Workforce Protection
If right: Correct.
If wrong: No, this is not correct. The correct answer is Workforce Protection.

Q: Better and increased methods of information sharing are of little to no concern in the HPH sector.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good.
If wrong: No, the correct answer is false. One of the things the HPH sector strives to do is to shore more information in more ways. Information could be critical in an emergency situation.

Q: Communications in the commercial facilities sector is important. Employees should be encouraged to communicate amongst themselves.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great! This is true, employees who communicate well with one another will be more likely to quickly and efficiently communicate that something may be wrong if they see something that does not look right.
If wrong: The correct answer is true. Employees who communicate well with one another will be more likely to quickly and efficiently communicate that something may be wrong if they see something that does not look right.

Q: Employees should be trained in how (to whom) to report a threat, as well as how to recognize them.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good!
If wrong: No, the correct answer is true.

Q: It is not a good idea to practive evacuating a facility.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct. It is a good idea to practice.
If wrong: This is false. It is a good idea to practice evacuating a facility.

Q: Man made hazards include earthquakes, floods, and hurricanes.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! These are natural disasters/hazards.
If wrong: This is incorrect. The correct answer is false. The hazards listed here are natural.

Q: Casinos would not be considered a commercial facility.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good. That is correct.
If wrong: That is not correct. Casinos are considered commercial facilities.

Q: The nature of this sector requires it to provide free moving and quick access. This means that risk management must be as non-obstructive as possible.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: This is actually true.

Q: The most valuable resource in the Emergency Services sector are the first responders.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good!
If wrong: Incorrect. The correct answer is true.

Q: The ESS is made up of 5 disciplines: law enforcement, fire and emergency services, emergency management, emergency medical services, and public works.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good!
If wrong: The correct answer is true.

Q: ESS stands for Emergency Services Sustainablity.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! You knew that ESS stands for Emergency Services Sector.
If wrong: No, the correct answer is false. ESS stands for Emergency Services Sector.

Q: Some manmade threats to this sector include earthquake, flood, and storm.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct, very good! These particular examples are of natural threats.
If wrong: The correct answer is false, the examples shown here are examples of natural threats not manmade ones.

Q: Some natural threats to this sector include earthquake, flood, and storm.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct, very good! These particular examples are of natural threats.
If wrong: The correct answer is true, the examples shown here are indeed examples of natural threats (not manmade ones).

Q: IPAWS is the Integrated Public All Clear and Warning System, it began in 2006.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Very good, IPAWS stands for the Integrated Public Alert and Warning System.
If wrong: No, the correct answer is false, IPAWS stands for Integrated Public Alert and Warning System.

Q: IPAWS is the Integrated Public Alert and Warning System, it began in 2006.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good, IPAWS stands for the Integrated Public Alert and Warning System.
If wrong: No, the correct answer is true, IPAWS stands for Integrated Public Alert and Warning System.

Q: You could say that three of the main things (in the ESS system) that are always focused on are: preparedness, response, and recovery.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good! This is true.
If wrong: The correct answer is true.

Q: The Government Facilities Sector contains only buildings.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Very good!
If wrong: No, this is not correct. The correct answer is false. Buildings are a big part of the Government Facilities Sector, but other assets are a part of it too.

Q: Government buildings that do not hold materials of a sensative nature are not protected under the Government Facilites Sector.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great!
If wrong: No, this is not correct. These are also included in the sector.

Q: The National Monuments and Icons Subsector protects assets, systems, and networks that are considered:
- part of our national heritage
- listed on the List of National Historic Landmarks
- listed on the National Trgister of Historic Places
- all of these
- none of these
A: all of these
If right: That is correct, very good.
If wrong: No, the correct answer is all of these.

Q: The Government Facilities Sector is dependant on:
- all of these
- the Transportation Sector
- the Energy Sector
- the Healthcare and Public Health Sector
A: all of these
If right: Yes, that is correct.
If wrong: This in incorrect. The correct answer is all of these.

Q: Examples of assets considered a part of the Government Facilities Sector would be:
- courthouses, embassies, national laboratories, office buildings, military installations
- zoos, parks, amusement parks, fairs
A: courthouses, embassies, national laboratories, office buildings, military installations
If right: Great!
If wrong: No, that is not correct. The correct answer is: Courthouses, Embassies, National Laboratories, Office Buildings, and Military Installations.

Q: The employees who perform essential tasks, who hold tactical, operational, or strategic knowledge are considered to be part of the Government Facilities Sector.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good!
If wrong: No, the correct answer is true.

Q: The great number of government facilities combined with the locations (many of which are in other countries) makes the Government Facilities Sector one of the easiest sectors to protect.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Yes! This makes it very difficult to protect.
If wrong: No, this makes it very difficult to protect.

Q: Sanitation laws are not covered under the Food and Agriculture Sector.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good!
If wrong: No, the correct answer is false.

Q: The definition of food that the 2002 Bioterrorism Act provided includes pet and farm animal food as well as dietary supplements.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good, this is true.
If wrong: No, the correct answer is true.

Q: Attacks or contaminations to the Food and Agriculture Sector could only cause some financial hardship.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great, this is false. Attacks and contamination could cause public health consequences and possibly animal and plant health issues too.
If wrong: Incorrect. The correct answer is false. Attacks and contamination could cause public health consequences and possibly animal and plant health issues too.

Q: The Food and Agriculture Sector works to:
- all of these
- deter threats to the sector
- minimize the consequences from large-scale incidents
- reduce vulnerability of the food supply
A: all of these
If right: Very good! They work to do all of these.
If wrong: The correct answer is all of these.

Q: The two groups that are most closely associated with the Food and Agriculture Sector are:
- FDA and USDA
- FDA and FBI
- IRS and USDA
- FCC and USDA
A: FDA and USDA
If right: Very good! The FDA and the USDA are the Food and Agriculture Sector's Sector Specific Agencies.
If wrong: No, the correct answer is the FDA and the USDA. These two make up the Section Specific Agency for the Food and Agriculture Sector.

Q: The Food and Agriculture Sector depends on the Water and Wastewater Systems Sector because water is needed to irrigate crops.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: The correct answer is true.

Q: The threats to the Food and Agriculture Sector that are mentioned in the reading are:
- all of these
- none of these
- bioterrorism
- human or man-made events
- cyber security threats
- natural disasters
A: all of these

Q: Someone trying to take control of, or even stop, the water supply to a big city would be an example of a possible terrorist threat.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct.
If wrong: The correct answer is true.

Q: A malicious hacker trying to gain access to the control systems in a water treatment plant would be an example of a natural disaster.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! That would be an example of a cyber security threat.
If wrong: The correct answer is false. This would be an example of a cyber security threat.

Q: Earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, and floods are examples of potential bioterrorist acts.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Very good, this list would be more appropriately called a list of potential natural disasters.
If wrong: Incorrect, this list would be more appropriately called a list of potential natural disasters.

Q: Pandemic influenza would be an example of a pandemic threat.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: No, the correct answer is true.

Q: Someone maliciously hacking in to control systems and trying to take control of, or even stop, the water supply to a big city would be an example of a possible pandemic threat.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct.
If wrong: Incorrect, the correct answer is false. This would be an example of a cyber security threat.

Q: Someone maliciously hacking in to control systems and trying to take control of, or even stop, the water supply to a big city would be an example of a possible cyber security threat.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct.
If wrong: Incorrect, the correct answer is true. This would be an example of a cyber security threat.

Q: Wastewater could contain:
- inorganic materials and pathogens
- animals, gases, toxins
- pharmaceuticals
- all of these
A: all of these
If right: Very good!
If wrong: Incorrect. The correct answer is "all of these".

Q: Methods for treating wastewater include:
- chemical
- biological
- physical
- none of these
- all of these
A: all of these
If right: Yes, that is correct.
If wrong: No, that is not correct. The correct answer is "all of these".

Q: The financial sector has a long history of being prone to the threat of natural disaster.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Very good.
If wrong: No, this is not true. The long history of the financial sector being prone to a threat, is that of insiders (human).

Q: Banks are the only institutions included in the Financial Services Sector.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct.
If wrong: Incorrect. There are many types of institutions in the Financial Services Sector.

Q: The Financial Services Sector was formerly named the Banking and Finance Sector.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great! It was called the Banking and Finance Sector until 2013.
If wrong: No, it was called the Banking and Finance Sector until 2013.

Q: What group was created after September 11, 2001 in an effort to examine the Financial Services Sector's resiliency?
- FBIIC
- FDIC
- FBI
- FBB
A: FBIIC
If right: That is correct.
If wrong: No, the correct answer is "FBIIC". FBIIC is the Financial and Banking Information Infrastructure Committee and they work on measuring and improving resiliency.

Q: Which sectors did this course mention are dependent on the Financial Services Sector.
- all sectors
- the Government Facilities and Commercial Facilities Sectors
- the Critical Manufacturing Sector
- no sectors depend on the Financial Services Sector
A: all sectors
If right: Very good, that is correct!
If wrong: Incorrect. All sectors are dependent on the Financial Services Sector.

Q: The three main goals of the Financial Services Sector are:
- 1. To achieve the best possible position against many threats.
2. To address and manage risks caused by being dependent on: Information Technology, Energy, and Transportation Systems Sectors.
3. To work together (co-operation) with private sector, law enforcement, and regulatory agencies to address threats.
- 1. To identify all threats to the Financial Services Sector.
2. To mitigate all threats.
3. To prevent future new threats.
- 1. To protect the Financial Services Sector from physical threats.
2. To protect the Financial Services Sector from natural disaster.
3. To work together (co-operation) with private sector, law enforcement, and regulatory agencies to address threats.
- 1. To achieve the best possible position against many threats.
2. To protect the Financial Services Sector from natural disaster.
3. To look to the future and predict future threats.
A: 1. To achieve the best possible position against many threats.
2. To address and manage risks caused by being dependent on: Information Technology, Energy, and Transportation Systems Sectors.
3. To work together (co-operation) with private sector, law enforcement, and regulatory agencies to address threats.
If right: Great!
If wrong: No, that is not correct. The correct answer is: 1. To achieve the best possible position against many threats. 2. To address and manage risks caused by being dependent on: Information Technology, Energy, and Transportation Systems Sectors. 3. To work together (co-operation) with private sector, law enforcement, and regulatory agencies to address threats.

Q: Without the services offered by th Financial Services Sector, Americans would likely not be able to pay one another with checks, deposit money in insured institutions, or invest money in the ways they can now.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: This is incorrect. It is true that without the services offered by th Financial Services Sector, Americans would likely not be able to pay one another with checks, deposit money in insured institutions, or invest money in the ways they can now.

Q: There are only two types of dams, the cofferdam used to build a permanent dam and the gravity dam the dam that is used permanently.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct! There are at least three types of dams in addition to cofferdams. Some dams even combine more than one type to form a type of hybrid dam.
If wrong: Incorrect, this is false. There are at least three types of dams in addition to cofferdams. Some dams even combine more than one type to form a type of hybrid dam.

Q: The United States has brand new and only completely up-to-date equipment on its power grid.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct. Unfortunately, the United States does not have a new power grid. However, the U.S. is currently working to replace its old power grid with newer more up-to-date equipment, and will implement the smart grid technology already in use in other countries.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The energy sector is described as providing an enabling function across all the critical infrastructure sectors.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The United States electric grid is divided into three main parts, which of these is NOT one of these parts?
- Southern Interconnection
- Texas Connection
- Eastern Interconnection
- Western Interconnection
A: Southern Interconnection
If right: Very good! That is correct, there is no Southern Interconnection.
If wrong: That is not correct, please review the material in the module and be sure to carefully read all of the question and all possible answers.

Q: The electric grid was set up in 1926 because of the Electricity Supply Act.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good! The National Electric Grid was set up in 1926 with the Electricity Supply Act.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Direct current is used on the power grid because it is easily manipulated to proper voltages.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct, it is actually alternating current that is used in the power grid.
If wrong: Incorrect. Please review the material in the module again.

Q: A major long-term electrical outage could in no way impact the banking industry.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! You know that the banking industry relies on electricity, as do many other critical infrastructure sectors, and would be adversely affected by a long-term outage.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: In the United States a 110 volt system is typically used in our homes.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct. This is true. We do typically use a 110 volt system in our homes.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Renewable energy comes from _______________________________.
- renewable sources like the sun and the wind
- oil burning power plants
- coal burning power plants
A: renewable sources like the sun and the wind
If right: Great!
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer, please review the material pertaining to renewable energy.

Q: In order to coordinate activities and provide direction in establishing a smart grid accross the United States a Federal Smart Grid Task force was created.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct! The Task Force now has private/public partnership funding and has government and industry stakeholders working together to help bring the smart grid to the United States.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The current power grid in place in the US has no storage capabilites, meaning that those collecting solar or wind energy cannot readily sell it and provide it directly to the power grid.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: EO 13636 is an executive order dedicated to improving the Internet.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good! EO 13636 is an Executive Order dedicated to improving critical infrastructure cyber security.
If wrong: Incorrect. EO 13636 is an Exective Order dedicated to improving critcal infrastructure cyber security.

Q: Executive Order 13636 is dedicated to improving cyber security in our critical infrastructure.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct!
If wrong: Incorrect. Executive Order 13636, The Executive Order dedicated to improving critical infrastructure cyber security, was put into place in February 2013.

Q: Malware is malicious software. It can damage or disrupt your computer's operation or do other things. It could possibly collect sesitive information.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good. That is correct.
If wrong: Malware is short for malicious software. It is software that disrupts or damages a computer’s operation, gathers sensitive or private information, or gains access to private computer systems; may include botnets, viruses, worms, Trojans, keyloggers, spyware, adware, and rootkits.

Q: Installing a firewall, installing anti-virus software, and installing anti-spyware software are recommended and serve as a good way to help defend against malware.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good!
If wrong: These things may be the best way to avoid issues caused by malware. Install these: firewall, anti-virus software, and anti-spyware software.

Q: The Department of Homeland Security does not play a part in cyber security.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great, DHS educates the public on safe online practices, issues alerts, and investigates and arrests cyber criminals.
If wrong: No, this is not true. DHS educates the public on safe online practices, issues alerts, and investigates and arrests cyber criminals.

Q: Cyber security has no effect on the average person's daily life.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! Information technology has become a part of most people's daily life. Keeping our identity, banking information, and passwords secure are all things that greater cyber security measures will go a long way to do.
If wrong: That is false. Information technology has become a part of most people's daily life. Keeping our identity, banking information, and passwords secure are all things that greater cyber security measures will go a long way to do.

Q: Software or hardware that is recommended to protect your computer hardware, data, and identity include:
- All of these.
- a firewall
- anti-spyware software
- ant-virus software
A: All of these.
If right: Correct!
If wrong: No. The correct answer would be: all of these.

Q: The critical infrastructure sector of Information Technology is very challenging to keep secure because the ___________ is a part of it.
- Internet
- computer
- cyber criminal
A: Internet
If right: Correct. Having the Internet included makes Information Technology one of the most challenging sectors to protect.
If wrong: Incorrect. Having the Internet included makes Information Technology one of the most challenging sectors to protect.

Q: Some things the Department of Homeland Security does to help protect this sector (Information Technology) are:
- all of these.
- investigate cyber criminals.
- arrest cyber criminals.
- warn the United States of potential threats in the form of actionable cyber alerts.
A: all of these.
If right: Great! That is correct they do all of these.
If wrong: Incorrect. Actually, they do all of these things.

Q: In EO 13636 what group was tasked with creating a cybersecurity framelwork?
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
- Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI)
- Office of Cybersecurity and Communications (CS&C)
A: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
If right: That is correct, NIST is the group that was tasked with designing the cybersecurity framework.
If wrong: No, NIST is the group that was tasked with designing the cybersecurity framework.

Q: The Department of Homeland Security has determined which of these to be critical infrastructure?
- nuclear reactors
- nuclear waste
- nuclear materials
- all of these
A: all of these
If right: Correct.
If wrong: This is not correct. You may want to review the material. Also, be sure to carefully all questions and all possible answers when taking quizzes.

Q: The nuclear sector is interdependent with what other sectors?
- Chemical
- Information Technology
- Energy
- All except Information Technology
A: All except Information Technology
If right: Great! That is correct.
If wrong: This is not the best possible answer.

Q: Cable television today uses
- fiber optic cable only.
- both fiber optic and coaxial cable.
- coaxial cable only.
A: both fiber optic and coaxial cable.
If right: That is correct.
If wrong: No, this is not correct. Review the material in the module pertaining to cable television.

Q: The transmission of programs or signals from a radio or television system is
- broadcasting.
- cable.
- satellite.
- wireline.
A: broadcasting.
If right: That is correct.
If wrong: No, this is not correct. Please reread the material in the module.

Q: Satellite broadband works in _____ steps.
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
A: 2
If right: That is great! The two steps are: 1) communication between computer and dish via the satellite modem and 2) communication between the dish and the satellite.
If wrong: Incorrect. Reread the material pertaining to satellite broadband.

Q: In the Public Switched Telephone System, ____________________________________________ serves as an address.
- our phone number
- our area code
- our exchange
A: our phone number
If right: Great! Our entire phone number works like an address to help calls get to us.
If wrong: This is not the best answer. You might want to reread the material in the module pertaining to the Public Switched Telephone System.

Q: Threats to the communications infrastructure sector can be mitigated with encryption, monitoring, and cyber security best practices.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good! This is true.
If wrong: This in not correct.

Q: Towers, antennas, and similar are mentioned as tools used in disseminating what type of communication?
- broadcast
- satellite
- cable
A: broadcast
If right: Very good!
If wrong: This is not the best answer. Please review the material in the module again.

Q: Some of the types of manufacturing that are included in the critical manufacturing sector are:
- Metal
- Machinery
- Electrical Equipment
- All of these
A: All of these
If right: That is correct! Metal, machinery, electrical equipment, and transportation manufacturing are all a part of critical manufacturing.
If wrong: This is not the best answer. Review the material in the module and reread the items listed that are a part of critical manufacturing.

Q: Metal manufacturing is:
- manufacturing in which raw materials are made into easily usable resources like sheet metal, bar stock, or I-beams.
- responsible for making engines, turbines, power transmission equipment, and industrial controls.
- includes electric motor production as well as manufacturing of  generators, transformers, and other material used in electrical power generation.
- includes the manufacture of automobiles, trucks, heavy equipment, and railroad rolling stock.
A: manufacturing in which raw materials are made into easily usable resources like sheet metal, bar stock, or I-beams.
If right: That is correct!
If wrong: No, this is not the best answer. Review the material on metal manufacturing.

Q: Machinery manufacturing is:
- responsible for making engines, turbines, power transmission equipment, and industrial controls.
- includes electric motor, generator, transformer, and other electrical power generation material production.
- the manufacturing of automobiles, trucks, heavy equipment, and more.
- the manufacturing area that converts raw material into easily usable resources like bar stock, pipe, I-beams, and sheet metal.
A: responsible for making engines, turbines, power transmission equipment, and industrial controls.
If right: Great, that is correct!
If wrong: This is not the best answer. Review the material related to machinery manufacturing.

Q: Electrical manufacturing is:
- manufacturing that includes the production of generators, transformers, and other materials used in electrical power generation.
- responsible for making engines, turbines, industrial controls, and more.
- production of automobiles, trucks, heavy equipment, and airplanes.
- responsible for turning raw materials into readily usable materials like sheet metal, pipe, and I-beams.
A: manufacturing that includes the production of generators, transformers, and other materials used in electrical power generation.
If right: Great! That is correct.
If wrong: This is not the best answer. Review the material pertaining to electrical manufacturing.

Q: Without critical manufacturing in  the United States, it is possible that there would be some needs for items that we would be unable to meet by importing them.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Yes, that is true.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Keeping the manufacturing industry in the US diverse and robust in no way helps our country financially.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct! This helps to keep the country financially resilient.
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Manufacturing things that we need here in the US, rather than importing them, prevents us from having to deal with customs delays and some expense that goes along with importing.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: The critical manufacturing sector is important to the United States only because of the jobs that is provides to Americans.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Very good!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Thirteen percent of the United States' gross domestic product is made possible by manufacturing.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Great!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: Critical manufacturing is nor just important financially, it also meets critical needs.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good!
If wrong: Incorrect.

Q: A gravity dam is curved in an arch towards the water flow, and is often made of concrete.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! This more closely describes an arch dam.
If wrong: The correct answer is false. This description more closely describes an arch dam.

Q: A gravity dam is low maintenance with high performance. They are typically made of solid concrete.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct.
If wrong: No, this is true. Gravity dams are low maintenance, high performance dams that are made of solid concrete.

Q: Before building a dam the chosen location's environment must be studied and a ____________ is usually hired to perform an analysis of the site to see if it is capable of safely supporting a dam.
- geologist
- meteorologist
- archaeologist
- sociologist
A: geologist
If right: Correct. A geologist studies the Earth's history through its structure, in particular they study rocks and minerals.
If wrong: That is incorrect. A geologist studies the Earth's history through its structure, in particular they study rocks and minerals.

Q: Dams often have benefits beyond the purpose of containing and managing water.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good! This is true, many dams provide recreational facilities.
If wrong: Incorrect. This is true, many dams provide recreational facilities.

Q: The Hoover Dam is an example of an arch-gravity dam.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct!
If wrong: This is true. The Hoover Dam is an arch-gravity dam.

Q: The dam sector has interdependencies with _____________________________________________________.
- all of these
- food and agriculture sector
- transportation systems sector
- water and wastewater systems sector
A: all of these
If right: That is correct!
If wrong: That is not correct. The correct answer is all of these.

Q: The dams sector includes dams, __________________________________________.
- hydroelectric plants
- levees
- dikes
- coal fired power plants
- all of these except D
A: all of these except D
If right: Great! That is correct.
If wrong: The correct answer is E - all of these except coal fired power plants

Q: Nuclear means of or relating to producing or using energy created when the nuclei of atoms are split apart or joined together.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: 20% of the energy supplied through the United States power grid comes from nuclear energy.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: The Department of Homeland Security is the only group that regulates nuclear power in the United States.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is the main regulatory body over nuclear energy.

Q: The Department of Energy helps protect Americans from the threat of pollution and nuclear harm while maintaining a stockpile of nuclear weapons used to protect the country.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct. The DOE does work to protect Americans from nuclear threat and pollution while maintaining a stockpile of nuclear weapons used to protect the country.

Q: Nuclear energy does not produce the harmful by-product carbon dioxide.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct.

Q: The chain reaction used to obtain electricity from a nuclear reactor is called fusion.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct. Fission is the method most nuclear reactors use to create electricity. It is a chain reaction.

Q: The most common way to harness the power of a nuclear reaction is to cause nuclear fission and use the heat energy created from that reaction to create steam.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Very good, this is correct.

Q: The main use of nuclear material (material that is not involved in power production or weapons) is in the field of medicine.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct!

Q: A lack of funding is a barrier to the upkeep and repairs needed to the U.S. critical infrastructure.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct. Funding is a barrier to the critical infrastructure repair, refurbishment, and maintenance that are really needed.
If wrong: Incorrect. Funding is a barrier to the critical infrastructure repair, refurbishment, and maintenance that are really needed.

Q: A nation wide smart grid system would make it easier to utilize more renewable energy sources (like wind and solar).
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct. This is true, the smart grid would help enable renewable energy to be added to our nation's power grid.
If wrong: This in not correct. The smart grid would help enable renewable energy to be added to our nation's power grid.

Q: Critical Infrastructure is important only because its loss could cause a loss of life.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct. You know that critical infrastructure is important for many reasons, including: life, quality of life, environment, the economy, public health and safety.
If wrong: Incorrect. Critical infrastructure is important for many reasons, including: life, quality of life, environment, the economy, public health and safety.

Q: Critical infrastructure is the systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital that the incapacity or destruction of such may have debilitating impact on the security, economy, public health or safety, environment, or any combination of those matters accross any Federal, State, regional, territorial, or local jurisdiction.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct!
If wrong: Incorrect, critical infrastructure is, the systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital that the incapacity or destruction of such may have debilitating impact on the security, economy, public health or safety, environment, or any combination of those matters, across any Federal, State, regional, territorial, or local jurisdiction.

Q: Every day drinking water is lost in the United States due to leaking pipes.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: This is true! Unfortunately our water infrastructure is in need of repair and refurbishment, and it is not our only infrastructure system that needs attention.
If wrong: Unfortunately this is true. Our water infrastructure is in need of repair and refurbishment, and it is not our only infrastructure system that needs attention.

Q: It is important to think of our infrastructure in its environment. A particular infrastructure system has an impact on our natural environment, socioeconmic environment, and other infrastructure systems.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct. This is very true, and is one of the reasons green infrastructure and clean energy concerns have come to the forefront lately.
If wrong: No, that is incorrect. The correct answer is true. In fact, it is very true - this is one of the reasons green infrastructure and clean energy concerns have come to the forefront of infrastructure topics lately.

Q: The Department of Homeland Security combined 22 different federal departments into one large umbrella organization in 2002. Their major purpose is to protect the homeland.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Good! This is true.
If wrong: Incorrect. This is true. (The DHS combined 22 different federal departments and agencies into one. Keeping the critical infrastructure in the United States safe and secure is a major purpose of Department of Homeland Security whose primary mission is to protect our homeland.)

Q: The Department of Infrastructure gathers information and plans for hazards to infrastructure.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Good! You know that the U.S. Department of Homeland Security does this work.
If wrong: No, that is incorrect. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security works to gather and analyze data related to planning for and responding to hazards to critical infrastructure. They work alongside the Office of Infrastructure Protection, which leads the effort to manage risks to the nation’s critical infrastructure.

Q: The advancements in technology have made making improvements to our critical infrastructure unimportant.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct. You knew that technology has advanced, but in a way that requires further infrastructure updates and maintenance, not in a way to cause them to be obsolete. (In order for humankind to keep up with the technological advancements that have been made, and in order to do so in a manner in which we protect our environment, respect our resources, and ensure that we are good stewards of critical infrastructure for future generations, we must invest our time, money, and resources in critical infrastructure.)
If wrong: No, that is not correct. Technology has advanced, but in a way that requires further infrastructure updates and maintenance, not in a way to cause them to be obsolete. (In order for humankind to keep up with the technological advancements that have been made, and in order to do so in a manner in which we protect our environment, respect our resources, and ensure that we are good stewards of critical infrastructure for future generations, we must invest our time, money, and resources in critical infrastructure.)

Q: The average age of all the bridges in the United States is 42.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: Correct.
If wrong: No, that is not correct. 42 is the average age of all the bridges in the United States.

Q: The area of study that focuses on applying theories, concepts, and principles to existing areas of interest or to solve existing problems is called:
- Engineering Technology
- Facilities Maintenance
- HVAC
- Access Control
A: Engineering Technology
If right: Correct, Engineering Technology is the area of study that focuses on applying theories, concepts, and principles to existing areas of interest or to solve existing problems.
If wrong: Engineering Technology is the area of study that focuses on applying theories, concepts, and principles to existing areas of interest or to solve existing problems.

Q: IT Web Technology is a field that involves operating system software, application software, system optimization, system configuration, personal computer hardware, and the ability to troubleshoot and repair.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That's correct. IT Web Technology is a field that can include web graphic design, authoring, search engine optimization, accessibility, web development, as well as programming/program language proficiency.
If wrong: That is not correct. IT Web Technology is a field that can include web graphic design, authoring, search engine optimization, accessibility, web development, as well as programming/program language proficiency.

Q: If you work in IT security, the only activity you have to worry about is that of a criminal hacker.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct! If you work in IT Security you not only have to worry about the activity of a criminal hacker, but also unintentional access that could change or delete data.
If wrong: Incorrect. If you work in IT Security you not only have to worry about the activity of a criminal hacker, but also unintentional access that could change or delete data.

Q: The factors of Mission Critical systems could include all except:
- social media
- equipment
- process
- procedure
- software
A: social media
If right: That is correct!
If wrong: In this case, social media would not be considered one of the factors of a mission critical system.

Q: A ________ _________ refers to a device used as a failover mechanism to provide reliability in system configurations.
- Hot Spare
- Hot Swapping
- CIA Triad
- Access Control
A: Hot Spare
If right: Correct! That would be a hot spare.
If wrong: A Hot Spare refers to a device used as a failover mechanism to provide reliability in system configurations.

Q: A company that produces widgets requires electricity to run the stamper and other machines on the production line. The widget company has a back up generator that can keep production at the entire facility running for twenty-four hours straight (or longer if more diesel fuel is brought in).  A thunder storm rolls through the area creating a power outage that lasts for four hours. For the widget company this particular situation of going to generator power would be considered:
- business critical
- mission critical
- important
A: business critical
If right: That is correct. In this situation there is no loss of life, loss of revenue, or severe customer dissatisfaction. The company has planned ahead to prepare for this type of situation and has bought and installed the generator system. The outage is not long enough to possibly exhaust the company's supply of fuel and to cause the company to have to be at the mercy of a storm damaged market to buy more fuel. It is critical to the widget company that they keep producing and they have succesfully managed to do so with careful planning and preparation.
If wrong: That is not correct. The situation here has no loss of life, loss of revenue, or severe customer dissatisfaction. The company has planned ahead to prepare for this type of situation and has bought and installed the generator system. It is critical to the widget company that they keep producing and they have succesfully managed to do so with careful planning and preparation. So this is business critical.

Q: A login refers to the mechanical or electronic fastening device that is released by a physical object (such as a key, keycard, fingerprint, RFID card, or security token), by supplying secret information (such as a keycode or password), or by a combination thereof.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! You knew that a login refers to the credentials required to obtain access to a computer system or other restricted area.
If wrong: That is false, a login refers to the credentials required to obtain access to a computer system or other restricted area.

Q: A mechanical or electronic fastening device that is released by a physical object, by supplying secret information, or by a combination of these.
- lock
- latch
- login
- SPOF
A: lock
If right: Great! Lock is correct.
If wrong: The lock is a mechanical or electronic fastening device that is released by a physical object, by supplying secret information, or by a combination of these.

Q: A position involved with the IT security of information including locations of  United States military troops in combat, would be a(n) ________________________ position.
- MCO
- business critical
- important
A: MCO
If right: That is correct. The security of data that includes US troop loacation would be MCO. If that data fell into the wrong hands, it could result in loss of life and injury.
If wrong: In this case the threat of lives lost or injury from the enemy acquiring the data would make the military IT security position MCO.

Q: A possible danger that might exploit a vulnerability to breach security and cause possible harm.
- infrastructure
- threat
- lock
- throughput
A: threat
If right: Great! That is correct.
If wrong: A possible danger that might exploit a vulnerability to breach security and cause possible harm is a threat.

Q: An Engineering Technologist often does what?
- implements designs
- designs things
- draws mechanical drawings of designs
- makes necessary repairs to plumbing, HVAC, and electrical systems at a facility
A: implements designs
If right: Yes, the Engineering Technologist often implements the designs that an engineer has come up with.
If wrong: No, the Engineering Technologist often implements the designs that an engineer has come up with.

Q: An example of how money could be saved with building automation would be the efficient way that temperature and humidity are monitored and quickly controlled when they are no longer within the desired range.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct, this is more cost effective than hiring someone specifically to control HVAC systems when temperature and humidty levels change.
If wrong: The answer in this case should be true. It is more cost effective than hiring someone specifically to control HVAC systems when temperature and humidty levels change.

Q: Any factor of a system (equipment, process, procedure, software, etc.) whose failure will result in the failure of business operations. That is, it is critical to the organization's 'mission'.
- Mission Critical Operations
- Mean Time Between Failures
- Five Nines
- Mean Time to Failure
A: Mission Critical Operations
If right: That is correct! MCO or Mission Critical Operations is any factor of a system (equipment, process, procedure, software, etc.) whose failure will result in the failure of business operations. That is, it is critical to the organization's 'mission'.
If wrong: Any factor of a system (equipment, process, procedure, software, etc.) whose failure will result in the failure of business operations. That is, it is critical to the organization's 'mission' is Mission Critical Operations or MCO.

Q: Building automation provides a way to monitor the functions of different systems in a building, but it may require more human intervention and an increase in expenses.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct, this is false. Building automation can help things in a buiding be monitored and maintained at a more efficeint, energy saving, and money saving level. With building automation less human intervention can be made possible in some cases.
If wrong: This is false. Building automation can help things in a buiding be monitored and maintained at a more efficeint, energy saving, and money saving level. With building automation less human intervention can be made possible in some cases.

Q: Classes in the Mission Critical Consrtium will only be available in person on one of the campuses of CCC or one of it's partners.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! You know that these programs are distance enabled so that you can take classes from anywhere.
If wrong: That is incorrect. The Mission Critical Operations programs are distance enabled so that you can take classes from anywhere.

Q: Cleveland Community College in a partnership with industry and educational partners is working to provide a pathway for students that can lead to certificates, diplomas, an Associate Degree in Applied Science and more.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct, some of the partners include: UNC Charlotte, Nash Community College, Wake Tech, Moultrie Technical College, Automation Federation, The Carolinas Chapter of 7X24 Change, and the ISA.
If wrong: Sorry, that is indeed true. Some of the partners involved include: UNC Charlotte, Nash Community College, Wake Tech, Moultrie Technical College, Automation Federation, The Carolinas Chapter of 7X24 Change, and the ISA.

Q: Computers and other electronic components are networked together to help control a building in building automation.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct!
If wrong: Incorrect. It is true that computers and other electronic components are networked together to help control a building in building automation.

Q: Data management is based on four principles: data ownership, data retention policy, security, and enhancement policies.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct. IT Data Management is based on four main principles: data ownership, data retention policy, security, and enhancement policies. These policies are used to create and maintain an organization’s strategy to organize and manage its data.
If wrong: No, IT Data Management is based on four main principles: data ownership, data retention policy, security, and enhancement policies. These policies are used to create and maintain an organization’s strategy to organize and manage its data.

Q: Downtime is used to refer to periods when a system is available.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct!
If wrong: Downtime is used to refer to periods when a system is unavailable.

Q: IT professionals can have a careers as
- Cheif Information Officers, help desk technicians, cybersecurity specialists or many more.
- facilities maintenance technicians, HVAC repair specialists, or electrical specialists.
- only as network technicians.
- only IT support personnel.
A: Cheif Information Officers, help desk technicians, cybersecurity specialists or many more.

Q: If you desire a career in IT support, then you would want to sharpen your troubleshooting and repair skills.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct, in the field of IT support the troubleshooting and repair skills are very important.
If wrong: Incorrect. In the field of IT support the troubleshooting and repair skills are very important.

Q: In Data Management, you would find topics of importance to include:
- data analysis, data retention policy, security, and data architecture.
- system configuration, system optimization, and personal computer hardware.
- web graphic design, program languages, and web page creation.
- network standards, network protocols, and implementation policies.
A: data analysis, data retention policy, security, and data architecture.
If right: Great! That is correct. Although security, some knowledge of the system software, and other areas are shared concerns of all involved in IT, the data analysis, data retention policy, security, and data architecture would be of most importance to those in the Data Management field.
If wrong: No, data analysis, data retention policy, security, and data architecture ould be of most importance to those in the Data Management field.

Q: In order to offer you a career pathway in Mission Critical Operations the Computer Information Systems and the Industrial Systems departments have teamed up.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct!
If wrong: It is true that the Computer Information Technology department and the Industrial Systems department have teamed up in order to offer you a career path towards a Mission Critical Operations career.

Q: The preferred color is
- red
- green
- blue
- black
A: blue

Q: I am responsible for following the original version of the Guide only.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: RTM stands for _____________________.
- real-time memory
- run-time module
- read the manual
- read the mail
A: read the manual

Q: I can reserve a private appointment with the instructor via
- email
- IM
- youcanbook.me
- Facebook
A: youcanbook.me

Q: My instructor attended __________ State University.
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Illinois
- NC
A: Indiana

Q: There is a Blackboard Orientation available for me hosted at waketech.edu.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: I have to use my college provided student email for anything related to this class when communicating with the instructor.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Links to free software downloads are available in __________________.
- Cleveland Tech
- Cleveland State
- VCL
- Bb Collaborate
A: Cleveland Tech

Q: My grades can be found under ___________________.
- External Links
- Course Information
- Homepage
- Tools & Grades
A: Tools & Grades

Q: I can get basic help for Blackboard via___________________.
- stopping by the Library
- 24/7 toll free call
- live chat
- Student Services
A: stopping by the Library; 24/7 toll free call; live chat

Q: I should be able to turn in assignments on paper for this course.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: I don't have to check in with the instructor when I work in the labs on campus.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: I have to buy a computer for this course.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: I must comply with the school's Information Technologies policy at all times.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: I have to save my files in the proper format requested by the assignment's instructions.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: My instructor will let me speek LEET.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: I HAVE to use the instant messenger client that works with Blackboard.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Netiquette is ___________________.
- being polite online
- not flaming someone
- using good grammar
- all of the above
A: all of the above

Q: I should spend twice as much time studying each week as what the course credit is.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Quizzes can receive make-up dates if I just ask nicely.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Due dates are voided in the event of a snow day.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: "I can request an "I" almost anytime for any reason."
- True
- False
A: False

Q: No _______ M&Ms.
- red
- green
- brown
- black
A: brown

Q: Work submitted after _______ the last day of the semester gets a '0'.
- 10AM
- 12noon
- 10PM
- 12midnight
A: 10PM

Q: I have to pass a quiz before the next quiz is made available.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: "If I get locked out of an assessment in Blackboard, I should ____________."
- tell my instructor if we meet in the hall
- email my instructor
- call my instructor
- call the Bb helpdesk
A: email my instructor

Q: I can get help with taking a quiz from my classmates.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Exams are worth _________ of my grade.
- 50%
- 1/3
- 33%
- 34%
A: 34%

Q: Open labs _____________.
- are optional
- are offered only at certain times
- "scheduled, but flexible with appointments"
- require me to come to campus
A: "scheduled, but flexible with appointments"

Q: With _________ and _________ we can use __________ to demo a lab.
- a webcam
- a mic
- telepresence
- space-time
A: a webcam; a mic; telepresence

Q: Always be sure that any instrument that you are using is operating correctly.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Breadboards used in the lab accept ______ AWG wire.
- 22-24
- 16-18
- 18-22
- 16-Oct
A: 22-24

Q: _____________ is for recording the thought process associated with a lab.
- Wiki
- Blog
- Design notebook
- Email
A: Design notebook

Q: I need to memorize _______________.
- everything
- nothing
- the location of the lab
- the location of my resources
A: the location of my resources

Q: I should ______________________.
- "Save early and save often"
- Wait until the last minute to do everything
- Find alternate ways to access the Internet
- Inform the instructor of broken links in the course site
A: "Save early and save often"; Find alternate ways to access the Internet; Inform the instructor of broken links in the course site

Q: You will have to be an “activated reader” to survive in this course.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Being an “active reader” means that you:
- read a bit, pause, reflect on what you’ve read, and then move on.
- read straight through the material to the end, reflect on what you’ve read, and then move on.
- read a bit, pause, reread what you’ve read, and then move on.
- read a bit, pause, refract on what you’ve read, and then move on.
A: read a bit, pause, reflect on what you’ve read, and then move on.

Q: There is a link in this course's material to an online course that will help me learn to search the Internet for technical material. This course is provided by:
- MIT
- NCSU
- The Open University
- Khan Academy
A: The Open University

Q: Information for how to log in to the computers in the labs on campus can be found:
- in a document linked to from within the Guide.
- in the Guide.
- nowhere that I've yet been given access to.
- in the handout given on the first day of class only.
A: in a document linked to from within the Guide.

Q: Which of the following is the BEST resource for finding standards for building energy efficiency?
- A.ANSI
- B.NERC
- C.NFPA
- D.ASHRAE
A: D.ASHRAE

Q: Which of the following governs and regulates laws regarding refrigerants?
- A.EOP
- B.EPA
- C.EPO
- D.EPMS
A: B.EPA

Q: Which of the following acronyms are measures of power?
- A.KW, KVA
- B.DX, DAS
- C.CRAH, CRAC
- D.IAQ, HVAC
A: A.KW, KVA

Q: “Five-Nines” (99.999 percent) is a term in the Mission Critical Operator field that describes or assesses:
- A.equipment location.
- B.MCO title.
- C.system availability.
- D.facility size.
A: C.system availability.

Q: True or false. In mission critical environments, UPS refers to Uninterruptible Power Supply.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following standards organizations provides the basis for code requirements for a facility’s electrical distribution system?
- A.NEC
- B.USGBC
- C.EPA
- D.NETA
- E.ASHRAE
A: A.NEC

Q: Which of the following is a commonly used term to describe the efficiency of the infrastructure system serving a data center?
- A.PUE
- B.PBX
- C.POTS
- D.PLC
A: A.PUE

Q: Which of the following is the MOST accurate definition of mission critical?
- A.Project with long critical path
- B.Business that can operate without downtime
- C.Business that requires continuous operation
- D.Project that requires clear mission policy
A: C.Business that requires continuous operation

Q: Which of the following facilities should operate 24 hours, seven days per week? (Select TWO).
- A.Educational institutions
- B.Data centers
- C.Banks
- D.Government buildings
- E.Dental offices
A: B.Data centers; C.Banks

Q: In a mission critical operation, the majority of downtimes are caused by:
- A.loss of operation.
- B.human error.
- C.utility outages.
- D.natural disasters.
- E.faulty equipment
A: B.human error.

Q: Which of the following defines Recovery Time Objective (RTO)?
- A.Time required starting up the emergency generator after a failure
- B.Time within which access to data must be restored after a failure
- C.Time required putting the disaster recovery plan in action
- D.Time within which UPS transfer critical load to bypass
A: B.Time within which access to data must be restored after a failure

Q: True or false. Digitization of medical records is an example of a business model trend that is driving the need for mission critical operations.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or false. According to industry studies, the majority of businesses that experience operational downtime of one week or more in a given year are likely to go out of business.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following is a possible choice when searching for a career in mission critical operations?
- A.Emergency responder
- B.FBI agent
- C.Utility lineman
- D.Airline pilot
A: A.Emergency responder

Q: A plan for critical infrastructure cybersecurity was signed by the:
- A.White House.
- B.Secretary of State.
- C.Department of Homeland Security.
- D.Congress.
A: A.White House.

Q: Which of the following organizations is developing a voluntary framework—based on existing criteria, guidelines, and practices—for reducing cyber risks to critical infrastructure?
- A.National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- B.Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
- C.Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
- D.National Security Agency (NSA)
A: A.National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

Q: True or false. The requirements and skills for an MCO career can vary widely depending on the career field within an industry. But focus on reliability, availability, and continuous operation will remain consistent regardless of the industry.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or false. Hot swapping and hot plugging are terms that refer to the function of replacing computer system functions by quickly turning off the system, replacing the defective components, then quickly turning the system back on before it can cool down.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Which of the following groups are commonly considered mission critical due to their dependence on electronic equipment to properly function?
- A.Container ports and railroads
- B.Hospitals and data centers
- C.Malls and corporate office parks
- D.Gas stations, grocery and convenience stores
A: B.Hospitals and data centers

Q: True or false. A transportation safety specialist is considered a mission critical occupation.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or false. Power, HVAC, life safety, and controls are each systems that a Mission Critical Operator is trained to maintain.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: The number of messages that can be delivered in a communication channel is called:
- A.carrier neutrality.
- B.capacity.
- C.throughput.
- D.frequency.
A: C.throughput.

Q: Which of the following is part of the CIA security triangle model?
- A.Connectivity
- B.Activation
- C.Integrity
- D.Intrusion
A: C.Integrity

Q: True or false. Biometrics are used as a method of access control.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or false. Qualities of a good mission critical mindset for someone seeking a career as an MCO include being accountable, rational, self-motivated, adaptable, communicative, and proactive.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: In a critical facility, biometrics are used for:
- A.managing access control.
- B.measuring air quality.
- C.sanitizing blood-borne pathogens.
- D.determining relative humidity.
A: A.managing access control.

Q: Cooling system technologies prevalent in a mission critical facility would MOST likely be introduced in which of the following engineering technology disciplines?
- A.Architectural
- B.Civil
- C.Industrial
- D.Mechanical
A: D.Mechanical

Q: Which of the following would a building automation system be used to control?
- A.Equipment deliveries
- B.Computer room air conditioning
- C.Preventive maintenance schedule
- D.A facility’s access control schedule
A: B.Computer room air conditioning

Q: Mission critical HVAC systems are generally considered more sophisticated than other commercial HVAC systems because they:
- A.are typically much smaller and compartmentalized.
- B.are required to provide cooling for equipment and personnel.
- C.have more control points and monitoring stations.
- D.cycle through multiple modes throughout the day.
A: B.are required to provide cooling for equipment and personnel.

Q: Which of the following is a facility maintenance function?
- A.Design implementation
- B.Hardware procurement
- C.Project management
- D.Building automation
A: D.Building automation

Q: Which of the following is a technology that monitors and controls production?
- A.Protection
- B.Process
- C.Maintenance
- D.Automation
A: D.Automation

Q: Containment is which of the following types of data center techniques?
- A.Heating
- B.Storage
- C.Backup power
- D.Air flow distribution
A: D.Air flow distribution

Q: True or false. Upgrading an existing design is the main responsibility of the facility maintenance team.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or false. Startup is performed by the engineering technology team.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following systems is used to limit the actual personal attention needed to keep a mission critical facility running?
- A.BAS
- B.HVAC
- C.RPO
- D.UPS
A: A.BAS

Q: Which of the following systems plays a MAIN role in energy saving?
- A.Lockout/tag out
- B.Secondary pump
- C.Building automation
- D.Access control
A: C.Building automation

Q: Intelligent buildings are designed with which of the following concepts in mind?
- A.Fault tolerance
- B.Impact on occupants
- C.Structural aesthetics
- D.Redundancy
A: B.Impact on occupants

Q: True or false. For mission critical operations, Operations Technology covers a wide range of functions, including web design.
- T.Trues
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or false. Smart cards, CCTVs, and biometric readers are all examples of access control.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or false. Access control of a facility can prevent a cyber threat.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or false. An engineering technologist must be certified.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: An engineer in an engineering technology function would primarily be involved in:
- A.test and measurement.
- B.control system installation.
- C.design and planning.
- D.preventive maintenance.
A: C.design and planning.

Q: True or false. Access control is a facilities maintenance function within the Operation Technology (OT) structure.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Process management and control is an example of which of the following Operations Technology (OT) elements?
- A.Root cause analysis
- B.Automation
- C.Preventive maintenance
- D.Change management
A: B.Automation

Q: True or false. An engineering technologist is usually more “hands on” than an engineer.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or false. Automation is defined as the creation and application of technology to monitor and control the production and delivery of products and services.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or false. An engineering technologist would have to obtain additional certifications to become an engineer.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following are examples of physical security? (Select TWO).
- A.Intrusion detection system
- B.Username and password
- C.Firewall
- D.Card reader
- E.Mantrap
- F.Antivirus software
A: D.Card reader; E.Mantrap

Q: Which of the following is the BEST way to eliminate error in a critical facility environment?
- A.Risk management
- B.Automation
- C.Procedure
- D.Quality control
A: B.Automation

Q: Perforated floor tiles are part of a data center strategy that would MOST likely be implemented in which of the following facilities maintenance functions?
- A.Physical security
- B.HVAC
- C.Building automation
- D.Access control
A: B.HVAC

Q: In mission critical facilities, the automatic transfer switch is commonly used to select between:
- A.utility and critical load.
- B.UPS and generator.
- C.UPS and critical load.
- D.utility and generator.
A: D.utility and generator.

Q: Which of the following is a type of generator rating?
- A.Line interactive
- B.Off-line
- C.Emergency
- D.Prime
A: D.Prime

Q: Which of the following are required for Uptime Institute Tier III certification? (Select TWO).
- A.Redundant generator
- B.Dual cord
- C.N+2
- D.24 hours of available fuel
- E.Dual utility feed
A: A.Redundant generator; B.Dual cord

Q: Which of the following pieces of electrical equipment can provide closed transition?
- A.Protective relay
- B.Transient voltage surge suppressor
- C.Static switch
- D.Fused disconnect
A: C.Static switch

Q: Which of the following is a criterion for a Tier ll data center?
- A.Concurrent maintainability
- B.Fault tolerance
- C.Redundancy
- D.Diverse power paths
A: C.Redundancy

Q: Which of the following organizations publishes the regulations that govern arc flash boundaries?
- A.FEMA
- B.NFPA
- C.OSHA
- D.USGBC
A: B.NFPA

Q: Load Bus Synchronization is BEST described as a system that:
- A.controls the paralleling of two or more diesel generators.
- B.enables closed transition transfer between utility and generator sources.
- C.protects critical loads during UPS maintenance operations.
- D.shifts the reference voltage for a UPS system from one source to another.
A: D.shifts the reference voltage for a UPS system from one source to another.

Q: Which of the following is a battery type that is commonly maintained in a mission critical facility?
- A.Fuel cell
- B.Natural gas
- C.Flywheel
- D.Capacitor
- E.Lead acid
A: E.Lead acid

Q: Grounding, TVSS, and arc flash analysis are each elements of which of the following power distribution concepts?
- A.Electrical protection
- B.Soft loading
- C.UPS topology
- D.Concurrent maintainability
A: A.Electrical protection

Q: Fault tolerance is a feature of which of the following tier levels/topologies?
- A.Tier I
- B.Tier II
- C.Tier III
- D.Tier IV
A: D.Tier IV

Q: Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) is the ratio of:
- A.peak utility power to nominal utility power.
- B.total facility energy to IT equipment energy.
- C.total computer capacity to used computer cycles.
- D.building power to space utilization.
A: B.total facility energy to IT equipment energy.

Q: The distinguishing feature of the Uptime Institute’s Tier III classification is:
- A.concurrent maintainability.
- B.low maintenance.
- C.high capacity.
- D.fault tolerance.
A: A.concurrent maintainability.

Q: Which of the following is considered an alternative power source in mission critical facilities?
- A.Co-generation
- B.Double conversion
- C.Rotary UPS
- D.Flywheel
A: A.Co-generation

Q: Which of the following are examples of energy storage for a UPS? (Select THREE).
- Diesel generator
- Batteries
- Thermal tanks
- Pumped-storage hydroelectricity
- Super capacitor
- Flywheel
A: Batteries; Super capacitor; Flywheel

Q: A TVSS protects loads against:
- A.reverse power.
- B.current sags.
- C.excessive harmonics.
- D.sub cycle disturbances.
A: D.sub cycle disturbances.

Q: Which of the following power source technologies provides power to the facility’s critical load immediately following a loss of utility power?
- Fuel cell
- Battery
- Solar cells
- Generator
A: Battery

Q: Double conversion, line interactive, and flywheel are each types of which of the following power source technologies?
- A.Battery
- B.UPS
- C.Solar
- D.Generator
- E.Fuel cell
A: B.UPS

Q: True or false. Tier I and Tier II data centers feature concurrently maintainable topologies.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Flooded wet cell and VRLA are each types of which of the following power source technologies?
- A.Generator
- B.Fuel cell
- C.UPS
- D.Battery
A: D.Battery

Q: Which of the following is required to calculate KW from KVA?
- A.Voltage
- B.Frequency
- C.Power factor
- D.Phase angle
A: C.Power factor

Q: An emergency standby generator may have which of the following components?
- A.Paralleling switchgear
- B.Remote radiator
- C.Transient voltage surge suppressor
- D.Automatic transfer switch
A: B.Remote radiator

Q: Which of the following is the definition of power factor?
- A.A measure of BTU output current of a power system
- B.A dimensionless measure of electrical efficiency and voltage
- C.The ratio of real power flowing to the load and apparent power
- D.The absolute rated output of a power system generator
A: C.The ratio of real power flowing to the load and apparent power

Q: Which of the following is the longest lasting battery type?
- A.Lithium
- B.Fuel cell
- C.Nickel cadmium
- D.Valve regulated lead acid
A: A.Lithium

Q: True or false. Natural gas is generally not considered an emergency fuel source because the pressurization of the gas lines is dependant on having electricity available.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or false. In a 3-phase system, a neutral is present in both 3-wire and 4-wire connections.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Which of the following is required for cooling towers?
- A.Soft loading
- B.Blow down
- C.DX cooling
- D.Reclamation
A: B.Blow down

Q: Which of the following HVAC systems utilizes a refrigerant as a means of rejecting heat?
- A.Dry cooler
- B.Cooling tower
- C.Direct expansion
- D.Thermal wheel
A: C.Direct expansion

Q: Which of the following AC system components rejects heat?
- A.Metering valve
- B.Condenser
- C.Compressor
- D.Evaporator
A: B.Condenser

Q: Approach temperature is BEST described as the temperature:
- A.above which battery thermal runaway starts.
- B.that triggers a heat detector in the fire detection system.
- C.at which a refrigerant flashes to gas for a given pressure.
- D.across a heat exchanger at full design load and flow.
A: D.across a heat exchanger at full design load and flow.

Q: CFM is a unit of measure for which of the following parameters?
- A.Humidity
- B.Flow
- C.Capacity
- D.Pressure
A: B.Flow

Q: Perforated tiles are strategically placed in a computer room to ensure and maintain which of the following?
- A.Dust and corrosion prevention
- B.Static pressure
- C.Ambient temperature
- D.Proper airflow
A: D.Proper airflow

Q: Gathering the exhaust air after it leaves a computer room’s servers within the space between a drop ceiling and the computer room’s roof is an example of:
- A.dust mitigation.
- B.return air methodology.
- C.air pressure release.
- D.cold aisle air containment.
A: B.return air methodology.

Q: True or false. A cooling tower is used to cool the air in a facility.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Which of the following describes what an evaporator does in a simple refrigerant cycle?
- A.Supplies cooling
- B.Supplies heat
- C.Removes cooling
- D.Removes heat
A: D.Removes heat

Q: Which of the following devices is used to reduce the total load on a chiller plant?
- A.Thermal wheel
- B.Variable primary pumping
- C.VFD chillers
- D.Make-up water storage
A: A.Thermal wheel

Q: Hot aisle/cold aisle is which of the following types of data center techniques?
- A.Load balancing
- B.Backup power
- C.In-row cooling
- D.Air flow management
A: D.Air flow management

Q: In an HVAC system supplying a data center, a ton is a measure of:
- A.cooling.
- B.pressure.
- C.flow.
- D.power.
A: A.cooling.

Q: Venting server exhaust air to the space between the drop ceiling and the roof is known as:
- A.heat evaporation.
- B.isolated routing.
- C.spatial dissipation.
- D.plenum return.
A: D.plenum return.

Q: True or false. The BTU is a measure of cooling and heating energy.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following is the purpose of using an air-side economizer?
- A.To save energy
- B.To reduce air flow
- C.To prevent zinc whiskers
- D.To increase availability
A: A.To save energy

Q: Which of the following are trap primers used for?
- A.Maintain the water seal in a floor drain
- B.Mitigate rodent damage in data centers
- C.Reduce the collisions in Ethernet networks
- D.Test the installation of new fiber networks
A: A.Maintain the water seal in a floor drain

Q: True or false. The purpose on a backflow preventer is to the stop the domestic water from entering the process water.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Which of the following is the measurement used when referring to heat?
- A.BTU
- B.PUE
- C.KVA
- D.CFM
A: A.BTU

Q: Head pressure is expressed in which of the following units of measure?
- A.Atmospheres
- B.Inches of mercury
- C.Newton meters
- D.Pounds per square inch
A: D.Pounds per square inch

Q: Which of the following defines the dew point?
- A.The temperature rate of rise
- B.The temperature at which water vapor condenses
- C.The wet bulb temperature
- D.The temperature of the ambient air
A: B.The temperature at which water vapor condenses

Q: True or false. A well located on the property is a potential source of make-up water for the cooling towers.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following units is used to measure the power consumed by a water-cooled chiller?
- A.Foot-pound
- B.Fahrenheit
- C.Square inch
- D.Watt
A: D.Watt

Q: Adjusting set point is considered part of which of the following activities?
- A.Preventive maintenance
- B.Lockout/tag out
- C.Disaster recovery
- D.Environmental control
A: D.Environmental control

Q: True or false. A raised floor environment is required for in-row cooling systems.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or false. Containment in the data center refers to the management of hot and cold aisle areas, and may include a chimney to the ceiling plenum for discharge of hot air.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following is an example of a mission critical monitoring and control platform?
- A.Building Automation
- B.Power Usage Effectiveness
- C.Meters, Gauges, and Relays
- D.Intrusion Detection
A: A.Building Automation

Q: Which of the following is MOST likely to be monitored in the critical production space?
- A.Hydrogen concentration
- B.Static pressure
- C.Indoor air quality
- D.Make-up water storage
A: B.Static pressure

Q: Electrical service charges for commercial service are made up of which of the following? (Select TWO).
- A.Total energy used
- B.Power demand profile
- C.Utility transformer sizing
- D.Distance from substation
- E.Service voltage rating
A: A.Total energy used; B.Power demand profile

Q: Which of the following parameters would MOST likely be monitored in a UPS battery room?
- A.Corrosion
- B.Water flow
- C.Temperature
- D.Static pressure
A: C.Temperature

Q: Which of the following is a device typically utilized to control the speed of a motor?
- A.VAV
- B.VFD
- C.CFD
- D.PDU
A: B.VFD

Q: Environmental conditions within a computer room are closely monitored to ensure:
- A.changes in conditions are immediately documented and reported.
- B.operating costs can be accurately predicted for each quarter.
- C.preventive maintenance conflicts can be avoided.
- D.equipment can be installed and operated at the appropriate time.
A: A.changes in conditions are immediately documented and reported.

Q: In addition to HVAC, a building management system could also monitor:
- A.perforated tile placement.
- B.power consumption.
- C.server density.
- D.number of cabinets.
A: B.power consumption.

Q: Which of the following is a process control device?
- A.Thermometer
- B.Thermostat
- C.Fuel cell
- D.Chiller
A: B.Thermostat

Q: Which of the following are operation control tasks? (Select TWO).
- A.Free cooling
- B.Blow down
- C.Adjust set point
- D.Fuel quality
- E.On/off schedule
- F.Leak detection
A: C.Adjust set point; E.On/off schedule

Q: Which of the following is a protection device?
- Reverse power relay
- Control valves
- Power relay
- Heat exchanger
A: Reverse power relay

Q: Why is building pressure a major concern in a mission critical facility?
- A.To save energy
- B.To prevent contamination
- C.To save cooling
- D.To keep heat in the white space
A: B.To prevent contamination

Q: True or false. Corrosion monitoring is used to monitor the corrosion buildup on the battery terminals.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or false. The reason for monitoring hydrogen in a battery room is to keep the batteries from corroding.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Which of the following is considered a SCADA system?
- A.PLC
- B.DDS
- C.EPMS
- D.BAS
A: A.PLC

Q: True or false. Programmable Logic Controls (PLCs) have more sophisticated embedded control capabilities than Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs).
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: An example of a Human-Machine Interface (HMI) would be found at which of the following locations?
- A.Motor Control Center
- B.Control Valve
- C.Fuel Pump Controller
- D.Generator Control Panel
A: D.Generator Control Panel

Q: When the incoming voltage from the utility is higher than that of the building distribution, which of the following pieces of equipment is used to change the voltage?
- A.Generator
- B.Transformer
- C.UPS system
- D.Circuit breaker
A: B.Transformer

Q: Conditioned power describes the output of which of the following facility infrastructure systems?
- A.Battery
- B.UPS
- C.ATS
- D.Generator
A: B.UPS

Q: True or false. A Power Distribution Unit (PDU) typically measures power upstream of the UPS module.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or false. To allow a technician to remotely monitor equipment, an Operator Interface Terminal (OIT) is typically located in a different physical location to the equipment to which it is monitoring.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: A Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) loop is a common type of:
- A.preventive maintenance device.
- B.process control element.
- C.grounding system component.
- D.field sensor.
A: B.process control element.

Q: A generator remote enunciator would MOST likely be integrated with which of the following?
- A.Safety Instrumented System (SIS)
- B.Building Management System (BMS)
- C.Distributed Control System (DCS)
- D.Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)
A: B.Building Management System (BMS)

Q: On which of the following pieces of equipment would a programmable logic controller (PLC) be located?
- A.Paralleling switchgear
- B.Sub-base fuel tank
- C.Automatic transfer switch
- D.Remote enunciator
A: A.Paralleling switchgear

Q: True or false. An actuator is considered a process control device.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or false. A thermometer is a process control device.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Which of the following are hazard classifications within the Global Harmonization System? (Select THREE).
- A.Flammability
- B.Reactivity
- C.Toxicity
- D.Explosive
- E.Health
- F.Environmental
- G.Physical
A: E.Health; F.Environmental; G.Physical

Q: If a mission critical operator is performing a simple lockout /tag out procedure, who controls the key?
- A.Operator’s supervisor
- B.Operator
- C.Employer
- D.Safety officer
A: B.Operator

Q: Who is responsible for providing the PPE that should be worn for a job?
- A.Supervisor
- B.Operator
- C.OSHA
- D.Employer
A: D.Employer

Q: A roving fire watch is used when:
- A.a detection system is out of service.
- B.a VESDA alarm is triggered.
- C.energized/hot work is being done.
- D.IR scanning is in progress.
A: A.a detection system is out of service.

Q: In which of the following would a technician MOST likely maintain a fire pump?
- A.Single-story building
- B.Warehouse
- C.Underground parking garage
- D.High rise building
A: D.High rise building

Q: Which of the following is applied in practicing electrical distribution safety?
- A.Arc flash analysis
- B.Video surveillance
- C.Machine guarding
- D.Global Harmonization System
A: A.Arc flash analysis

Q: Wet pipe and dry pipe are examples of:
- A.electrical conduits.
- B.fiber optic interduct.
- C.fire suppression systems.
- D.mechanical piping systems.
A: C.fire suppression systems.

Q: The governing standards for telecommunications cabling are provided by:
- A.NETA.
- B.NIST.
- C.TIA.
- D.ASHRAE.
A: C.TIA.

Q: Governing standards for safety are established by:
- A.ANSI.
- B.ASHRAE.
- C.ISA.
- D.OSHA.
A: D.OSHA.

Q: Which of the following elements is often introduced into sprinkler systems as a corrosion inhibitor?
- A.Nitrogen
- B.Argon
- C.Helium
- D.Oxygen
A: A.Nitrogen

Q: Which of the following is one of the BEST ways to ensure life safety in a mission critical environment?
- A.Key lock
- B.Thermal blanket
- C.Zone interlock
- D.Lockout /tag out
A: D.Lockout /tag out

Q: Physical security methods may include:
- A.authorization procedures, shipping/receiving, and delivery inspection.
- B.hazardous material containment, leak detection systems, and incident reporting.
- C.vehicle barriers, locked doors, and video surveillance.
- D.machine guarding, fall protection, and confined space access and ventilation.
A: C.vehicle barriers, locked doors, and video surveillance.

Q: Which of the following is a regulatory and compliance organization?
- A.OSHA
- B.AMA
- C.TIA
- D.OMB
A: A.OSHA

Q: True or False. Video surveillance and recording devices control access to a facility.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or False. According to the Uptime Institute rating system, Tier I facilities achieve maximum availability.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or False. The employer takes financial responsibility if technicians do not wear appropriate PPE when adding water to UPS batteries.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or False. EPO is used to power down equipment as a means of protecting the equipment.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Which of the following life safety system components would MOST likely be utilized in diagnosing an early stage fire event?
- A.Beam detector
- B.High sensitivity smoke detection
- C.Pre-action system
- D.Flame/flash detection
A: B.High sensitivity smoke detection

Q: Which of the following fire suppression system types is characterized by the use of a clean agent?
- A.Pre-action
- B.Mist
- C.Gaseous
- D.Dry pipe
A: C.Gaseous

Q: Which of the following organizations or associations is chartered to establish safety regulations and compliance requirements for a mission critical facility?
- A.Uptime Institute
- B.ASHRAE
- C.OSHA
- D.TIA
- E.ANSI
A: C.OSHA

Q: The use of process hazards analysis is mandated by which of the following?
- A.OSHA
- B.ASHRAE
- C.NSA
- D.NERC
A: A.OSHA

Q: Which of the following would be used in a pre-action fire suppression system?
- A.Dry pipe
- B.Foam
- C.Laser
- D.Clean agent
A: A.Dry pipe

Q: Which of the following defines an Access Control vestibule?
- A.Card readers
- B.Biometrics
- C.Mantrap
- D.Key pad
A: C.Mantrap

Q: True or False. Reporting safety hazards is a priority and a job exclusively for the safety director.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Which of the following are included in Access Control? (Select TWO).
- A.CCTV
- B.Call tree
- C.Intercom
- D.Gates
- E.Keypad
A: D.Gates; E.Keypad

Q: Which of the following is an occurrence that requires severe event preparation and reporting?
- A.Utility failure
- B.Fuel leak
- C.Fire
- D.Inclement weather
A: D.Inclement weather

Q: A company’s primary data center suffers catastrophic damage due to a hurricane, yet the company is able to continue operating with no loss of efficiency. Which of the following allowed this to happen?
- A.Geographic pre-staging
- B.Risk management
- C.Accidental equipment insurance
- D.Disaster recovery
A: D.Disaster recovery

Q: The coordinated and economical application of resources to minimize, monitor, and control the probability and/or impact of events is known as:
- A.configuration development.
- B.risk management.
- C.asset control.
- D.situational analysis.
A: B.risk management.

Q: Fundamentals of risk management include:
- A.root cause analysis.
- B.quantitative analysis.
- C.total cost of ownership analysis.
- D.Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis.
A: B.quantitative analysis.

Q: True or False. When recovering from a cooling outage, blanking panels aid in air flow.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following are included in emergency response procedures? (Select TWO).
- A.Weather prediction analysis
- B.Offsite truck inspection
- C.Maintenance plan
- D.Mass notification
- E.Call tree
A: D.Mass notification; E.Call tree

Q: During a disaster, the long-term operation of a critical facility is MOST dependent on the availability of: (Select TWO).
- A.natural gas.
- B.domestic water.
- C.fuel oil.
- D.electric service.
- E.battery power.
A: B.domestic water.; C.fuel oil.

Q: Threat assessment, mitigation, countermeasures, and safeguards are each elements of which of the following operations technologies?
- A.Preventive maintenance
- B.Change management
- C.Risk management
- D.Cybersecurity
A: C.Risk management

Q: Which of the following operations functions is BEST described as the analysis to determine the root cause and corrective action required to restore failed equipment?
- A.Emergency response
- B.Troubleshooting
- C.Risk assessment
- D.Repair
A: B.Troubleshooting

Q: In disaster recovery, the targeted duration of when a service must be restored is:
- A.RCO.
- B.RPO.
- C.SLA.
- D.RTO.
A: D.RTO.

Q: Which of the following would trigger the severe event preparation and reporting process?
- A.Hurricane
- B.Terrorism
- C.Fire
- D.Fuel leak
A: A.Hurricane

Q: A call tree would MOST likely be used in which of the following scenarios?
- A.Preventive maintenance ticket
- B.Air handler repair
- C.Emergency response procedure
- D.Access control program
A: C.Emergency response procedure

Q: Which of the following are some of the most common reference resources available for risk management?
- A.FEMA, ISO, DHS
- B.EPA, RMP, TIA
- C.IT, HVAC, OT
- D.RTO, SLA, PHA
A: A.FEMA, ISO, DHS

Q: True or False. Components of risk include: likelihood/probability, consequence/impact, threat, vulnerability, and mitigation/countermeasures/safeguards.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or False. Hazardous material spill procedures are typically applied to chilled water leaks.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: In a critical operation facility, a roof leak would cause which of the following plans to be implemented?
- A.Inclement weather
- B.Incident reporting
- C.Call tree
- D.Risk management
A: B.Incident reporting

Q: Which of the following is the BEST course of action to follow if there is a fuel leak at a critical facility?
- A.Implement hazardous spill process
- B.Execute mass notification plan
- C.Distribute MSDS to employees
- D.Contact the local fuel supplier
A: A.Implement hazardous spill process

Q: Which of the following activities would MOST likely be performed in preparing for an inclement weather event?
- A.Transfer the UPS to bypass
- B.Check fuel oil levels
- C.Close dampers in the central plant
- D.Assign additional security
A: B.Check fuel oil levels

Q: A Building Evacuation Action Plan would be categorized as which of the following processes or procedures?
- A.Risk management
- B.Incident report
- C.Change management
- D.Emergency response
A: D.Emergency response

Q: A refrigerant leak in a mission critical facility would MOST likely occur in which of the following locations?
- A.Mechanical room
- B.Generator room
- C.Fuel oil room
- D.Demarcation room
A: A.Mechanical room

Q: A leak of an electrolytic fluid in a mission critical facility would MOST likely occur in which of the following locations?
- A.Battery room
- B.Chiller room
- C.Generator room
- D.Mechanical room
- E.Storage room
A: A.Battery room

Q: True or False. Wet cell battery cabinets typically come with a type of rail or sand bag to contain potential leaks.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: A person or thing that is likely to cause damage and cannot be controlled is considered to be a:
- A.risk.
- B.hazard.
- C.threat.
- D.vulnerability.
A: C.threat.

Q: True or False. Threats to mission critical operations include power outages, equipment damage, and faulty hardware.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or False. The emergency response procedure should be implemented in the case of severe or inclement weather.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: A firewall protects against:
- A.malware.
- B.viruses.
- C.unauthenticated logins.
- D.accessing unauthorized sites.
A: C.unauthenticated logins.

Q: Which of the following commands is used to check the logical connection between two computers?
- A.rundiag
- B.ping
- C.ipconfig
- D.config
A: B.ping

Q: HTML, CSS, and PHP are each examples of languages utilized in which of the following information technology fields?
- A.Data management
- B.Networking
- C.Cyber security
- D.World Wide Web
A: D.World Wide Web

Q: Which of the following is one of the four principles of data management?
- A.Networking
- B.Programming
- C.Retention
- D.Redundancy
A: C.Retention

Q: The common term for connecting computers for communicating and the sharing of information is:
- A.cross-connection.
- B.token sharing.
- C.networking.
- D.bridging.
A: C.networking.

Q: Which of the following devices is part of IT networking infrastructure?
- A.Actuator
- B.Router
- C.Call tree
- D.Switchgear
A: B.Router

Q: True or false. IT security addresses malware, Denial of Service (DOS), and virus attacks.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or false. IT security excludes scanning the integrity of data that is sent to or received by the company.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or false. Possession is an example of data ownership.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: The data security officer is responsible for:
- A.performing background checks on employees.
- B.protecting data from unauthorized use and/or modification.
- C.establishing legal contracts with data suppliers certifying data integrity.
- D.writing liability disclaimers regarding the use of company data.
A: B.protecting data from unauthorized use and/or modification.

Q: Utilizing computers and distributed computing for the dissemination and collection of information defines:
- A.cloud computing.
- B.web technology.
- C.Big Data.
- D.networking.
A: B.web technology.

Q: A server that executes multiple applications (as opposed to being dedicated to a single application) is an example of which of the following information technology techniques?
- A.Networking
- B.Virtualization
- C.Big Data
- D.PC computing
A: B.Virtualization

Q: Which of the following programming languages is MOST likely to be used to define the content of a web page?
- A.JavaScript
- B.Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)
- C.Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML)
- D.Mathematical Markup Language (MathML)
A: C.Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML)

Q: Which of the following can be used to define the use of technology to manage and process data?
- A.Process Technology
- B.Operations Technology
- C.Information Technology
- D.Engineering Technology
A: C.Information Technology

Q: Which of the following is defined as protecting data from unauthorized access, use, and modification?
- A.Data retention
- B.Data security
- C.Data enhancement/handling
- D.Data ownership
A: B.Data security

Q: True or false. A data analyst is primarily focused on database management.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Which of the following is a responsibility of a web designer?
- A.HTML, Java code, and Linux
- B.Intrusion protection of the website
- C.Sarbanes-Oxley compliance
- D.Layout, photos, and content
A: D.Layout, photos, and content

Q: True or false. A web developer shares website security responsibilities with the corporate data security group.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or false. Through machine learning, Big Data has the potential to cause job dislocations.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following are examples of uses for Big Data? (Select TWO).
- A.Processing purchases and payments via credit cards
- B.Creating an online profile of web activities for marketing groups
- C.Software that manages all personal passwords
- D.Displaying real-time traffic congestion data
- E.Monitoring and cleaning all data passing through a corporate network
A: B.Creating an online profile of web activities for marketing groups; D.Displaying real-time traffic congestion data

Q: Which of the following is an example of a computer network?
- A.Plain Old Telephone System (POTS)
- B.The utility power grid
- C.The Internet
- D.Cabinet Distribution Unit (CDU)
A: C.The Internet

Q: True or false. Data management best practice is to retain the current version of files and delete previous versions.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Which of the following is a language used in the Web technology field?
- A.HMI
- B.PLC
- C.CSS
- D.WAN
A: C.CSS

Q: Bare metal restore is a type of:
- A.UPS battery technology.
- B.enclosure cabinet rating.
- C.data recovery technique.
- D.raised access floor system rating.
A: C.data recovery technique.

Q: True or false. Big Data is an example of an information technology field that is driving the need for trained Mission Critical Operators.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following is an example of alternative technology in mission critical facilities?
- A.Direct current distribution
- B.Signal reference ground grid system
- C.Blanking panels
- D.Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)
A: A.Direct current distribution

Q: Which of the following items is usually inspected to ensure the integrity of a mission critical space?
- A.Redundancy balance
- B.Power cable labels
- C.Rack placement
- D.Room envelope
A: D.Room envelope

Q: Blanking panels are used in server racks for which of the following reasons?
- A.To preserve space for future IT equipment
- B.To prevent hot and cold air from mixing
- C.To minimize the accumulation of dust
- D.To control access to the interior of the rack
A: B.To prevent hot and cold air from mixing

Q: The purpose of rack blanking panels is BEST described as:
- A.limiting bypass air flow though a rack.
- B.improving the efficiency of IT equipment.
- C.controlling the watt density of a rack.
- D.reserving space in a rack for future IT equipment.
A: A.limiting bypass air flow though a rack.

Q: True or false. The voltages 48VDC, 120VAC, and 208VAC are used in the critical production space.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Blanking panels are a best practice for air distribution management within a(n):
- A.raised floor system.
- B.equipment cabinet.
- C.CRAC unit.
- D.data hall ceiling plenum.
A: B.equipment cabinet.

Q: A signal reference ground grid system typically serves which of the following portions of the facility?
- A.Roof and parapets
- B.Outdoor equipment yard
- C.Computer room raised floor
- D.Office area
A: C.Computer room raised floor

Q: Which of the following is an example of an alternative technology deployed in some IT data centers?
- A.Air-cooled chiller
- B.DC power distribution
- C.TVSS
- D.Signal reference ground
A: B.DC power distribution

Q: Load balancing is a concept MOST applicable to which of the following data center components?
- A.MDF
- B.Server cabinets
- C.Network switch
- D.PDU
A: D.PDU

Q: The primary purpose of a raised floor in computer rooms is to provide:
- A.storage space.
- B.contaminant isolation.
- C.cooling airflow.
- D.dynamic pressure.
A: C.cooling airflow.

Q: To ensure proper cleanliness, cardboard should be stored in which of the following locations?
- A.Inside spare cabinets
- B.Under the raised floor
- C.On top of server cabinets
- D.Outside the computer room
A: D.Outside the computer room

Q: True or false. It is a best practice to label data cables as they are being installed.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Before installing new IT equipment in a data center, which of the following is a best practice?
- A.After unpacking, remove all inspection ports and covers to check for internal damage
- B.Unpack the equipment outside of the critical area to reduce dust and debris
- C.Keep the packing material on the equipment until it is set in place
- D.Store the packing material for reuse when returning the equipment
A: B.Unpack the equipment outside of the critical area to reduce dust and debris

Q: True or false. It is best practice to ground the IT equipment rack to the signal reference ground system.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: The critical production space in a mission critical facility typically supports which of the following equipment types?
- A.Chillers
- B.Batteries
- C.Information technology
- D.Copier/printers
- E.UPS
A: C.Information technology

Q: True or false. Power, cooling, and network connectivity are three elements that are required to be continuously available in the critical production space.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Cleanliness is MOST important in a data center because of its impact on a data center’s:
- A.staff.
- B.aesthetics.
- C.humidity.
- D.computers.
A: D.computers.

Q: Which of the following is an example of an alternative technology?
- A.Phase balance
- B.Signal reference ground grid
- C.Fluid cooled processors
- D.Bridging
A: C.Fluid cooled processors

Q: True or false. A signal reference ground grid is a commonly used type of grounding in a data center environment.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: The physical layout of the racks is configured in a particular pattern in order to:
- A.reduce the footprint.
- B.optimize cooling.
- C.save water.
- D.increase uptime.
A: B.optimize cooling.

Q: Power load balancing means:
- A.the automatic transfer switch has a switched neutral to balance the load.
- B.raised access floor can balance the weight of the switchgear.
- C.cable trays are able to support the power cables to balance the load.
- D.each of the A, B, and C phases have equal currents to balance the load.
A: D.each of the A, B, and C phases have equal currents to balance the load.

Q: If a mission critical facility uses a gaseous fire suppression system:
- A.gas masks are issued to all room occupants.
- B.gas is released with the first initiated smoke detector.
- C.all doors should remain open.
- D.holes in floors, walls, and ceilings must be sealed.
A: D.holes in floors, walls, and ceilings must be sealed.

Q: True or false. While dust, cardboard, and pallets are to be kept out of the critical production space, it is acceptable to use the space to store supplies, furniture, and excess carpet.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: In a critical production space, IT equipment is typically installed:
- A.adjacent to the ground bus.
- B.in racks or cabinets.
- C.in the return air plenum.
- D.in the supply air plenum.
A: B.in racks or cabinets.

Q: True or false. The master ground bus bar should be connected to building steel.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following is a networking component?
- A.Cable tray
- B.Patch panel
- C.Rack grounding
- D.Signal reference ground
A: B.Patch panel

Q: Which of the following enters a data center at the demarc?
- A.Electricity
- B.Water
- C.Gas
- D.Telecommunications
A: D.Telecommunications

Q: Which of the following is a method of dressing communication cables?
- A.Cable tray
- B.Electrical tape
- C.J hooks
- D.Velcro straps
A: D.Velcro straps

Q: A raised access floor system would MOST likely be found in which of the following facility spaces?
- A.Computer room
- B.Office area
- C.Loading dock
- D.Storage room
A: A.Computer room

Q: Long-haul fiber from the telecom carrier(s) serving a facility typically terminates in the building at which of the following locations?
- A.MDF
- B.IDF
- C.Demarc
- D.Duct bank
A: C.Demarc

Q: Typically, the thickest and heaviest copper data cabling encountered in the modern data center is:
- A.category 2.
- B.category 3.
- C.category 5e.
- D.category 6a.
A: C.category 5e.

Q: The color of power cable insulation typically associated with grounding is:
- A.yellow.
- B.blue.
- C.red.
- D.green.
A: D.green.

Q: Grounding and bonding are important because they:
- A.improve the bandwidth of communication circuits.
- B.prevent equipment damage and personnel harm.
- C.reduce the likelihood of a lightning strike hitting the building.
- D.compensate for changes in electrical potential between data centers.
A: B.prevent equipment damage and personnel harm.

Q: True or False. A Category 6A cable can transmit light pulses.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Data cable management techniques include:
- A.loading, bridging, and ramping.
- B.router, switch, and patch panel.
- C.power, data, and fiber.
- D.labeling, segregating, and dressing.
A: D.labeling, segregating, and dressing.

Q: True or False. It is considered a best practice to install power and data cabling in separate conduits or raceways.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following critical production environment criteria MOST influences the facility’s cooling infrastructure requirements?
- A.Rack cabling arrangement
- B.Rack power density
- C.Rack depth
- D.Rack height
A: B.Rack power density

Q: Which of the following is the advantage of Category 6a cable over Category 5e cable?
- A.It uses fiber optics
- B.Improved crosstalk
- C.Increased bandwidth
- D.Reduced cost
A: C.Increased bandwidth

Q: Why are cable and fiber bend radius limitations published by a manufacturer?
- A.To comply with cable management standards
- B.To avoid kinking or damaging a cable
- C.To avoid reducing data transfer speed
- D.To help with rack design when drawing diagrams
A: B.To avoid kinking or damaging a cable

Q: Which of the following should be provided in a data center deployment prior to commissioning?
- A.As-built drawings
- B.Equipment labeling
- C.Cable splicers
- D.Access keys
A: B.Equipment labeling

Q: In which of the following infrastructure components or locations would medium voltage cable MOST likely be installed?
- A.Demarc
- B.IDF room
- C.MDF room
- D.Duct bank
A: D.Duct bank

Q: RG-6 is a model of which of the following cable types?
- A.Twisted pair
- B.Fiber optic
- C.Coaxial
- D.Category 6a
A: C.Coaxial

Q: In a networking structure, which of the following defines a patch panel?
- A.It is a location to install top-of-rack switches.
- B.It is a core switch used in redundant applications.
- C.It is a panel used to cover an opening when a modular unit is removed.
- D.It is a flexible way to connect and route circuits.
A: D.It is a flexible way to connect and route circuits.

Q: True or False. In data cable management, labeling of a cable should be easily removable to allow for changing/updating.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or False. In a data center, a cable tray ground should be bonded at any geometrical change.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or False. The difference between Cat6a and fiber cable is that light can pass through Cat6a.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or False. Fiber cable is capable of transmitting light.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: A duct bank is typically installed:
- A.above the ceiling.
- B.below grade.
- C.within the dry wall.
- D.in the raised access floor.
A: B.below grade.

Q: True or False. Power, data, and fiber cables should be fire chalked whenever they enter or pass through a demising wall or barrier into another room.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or False. Power conductor cables and grounding cables should be tightened and marked to indicate that the torque settings were implemented.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following aspects is part of overall mission critical resiliency?
- A.IP addressing scheme
- B.Disaster recovery
- C.Room integrity
- D.Water treatment
A: B.Disaster recovery

Q: Which of the following items is related to the Uptime Institute classification system?
- A.Direct digital controller usage
- B.Domain naming device
- C.Assessment of power quality
- D.Measurement of availability
A: D.Measurement of availability

Q: Which of the following is BACnet used for?
- A.Back channel communications between paired Cisco switches
- B.Communications in building management/automation systems
- C.Communications between security system devices and the monitoring station
- D.Redundant control networks in switchgear PLC systems
A: B.Communications in building management/automation systems

Q: Which of the following describes 192.168.1.1?
- A.The subnet mask commonly used with 255.255.255.0
- B.The default WAN address of most Internet access routers
- C.A commonly used public IP address
- D.An IP address in IPv4 format
A: D.An IP address in IPv4 format

Q: "The nines of uptime” refers to a measurement of:
- A.control response.
- B.clock speed.
- C.availability.
- D.redundancy.
A: C.availability.

Q: The OSI model is a concept related to which of the following information technology fields?
- A.Network system architecture
- B.Cyber security
- C.Data management
- D.World Wide Web
A: A.Network system architecture

Q: A concept of simplifying complex IP address numbering schemes into a more useable format is:
- A.binary conversion.
- B.routing tables.
- C.domain naming service.
- D.HTML.
A: C.domain naming service.

Q: Which of the following is the lowest tier of the OSI Model?
- A.Application
- B.Session
- C.Transport
- D.Physical
A: D.Physical

Q: True or False. Networking bandwidth can be limited by the number of users.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or False. A typical network configuration includes: router(s), data switch(es), and firewall security appliances, along with fiber or copper connections.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or False. Proprietary networks are more common in operations technology (OT) than in information technology (IT).
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or False. A network connection is required for addressable power distribution units (PDUs) to function.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following is provided by a Domain Naming Service (DNS) server?
- A.Firewall authentication
- B.Login information
- C.IP address for a URL
- D.Access to the Internet
A: C.IP address for a URL

Q: True or False. A best practice as it relates to Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) protocols is to place the SCADA system communication network on the corporate network.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: In networking, the ability to provide and maintain an acceptable level of service in the face of faults and challenges to normal operation is:
- A.capacity.
- B.impedance.
- C.tolerance.
- D.resilience.
A: D.resilience.

Q: A technician who remotely logs into a company’s computer enterprise from home typically does so through which of the following types of networks?
- A.WLAN
- B.LAN
- C.VPN
- D.WAN
A: C.VPN

Q: Which of the following is the highest layer of the OSI model?
- A.Application
- B.Session
- C.Network
- D.Physical
A: A.Application

Q: The layer of the OSI model that provides reliable transmission of data segments between points on a network is:
- A.physical.
- B.session.
- C.application.
- D.transport.
A: D.transport.

Q: True or False. An example of a Wide Area Network (WAN) is the Internet.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: A fire system network is which of the following types of networks?
- A.Corporate network
- B.Building management network
- C.Direct digital control network
- D.Special purpose network
A: D.Special purpose network

Q: True or False. In a critical facility, the building automation system is usually on the corporate network.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or False. In a critical operation facility, the fire system is a subsystem of the Building Automation System.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or False. LAN, BMS, and fire alarms are each examples of a network type commonly deployed in a mission critical facility.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following BEST defines TCP/IP?
- A.Cybersecurity detection system
- B.Fire system network
- C.PLC programming language
- D.Internet communication protocol
A: D.Internet communication protocol

Q: Which of the following BEST describes CIA?
- A.HVAC equipment rating
- B.Network communication protocol
- C.IT security benchmark
- D.PLC programming language
A: C.IT security benchmark

Q: Which of the following is an example of a cyber threat?
- A.Trojan horse
- B.Electrical over current
- C.Natural disaster
- D.Fire
A: A.Trojan horse

Q: Which of the following describes, identifies, and classifies security risks on an IT network?
- A.Interoperability
- B.Availability
- C.Vulnerability
- D.Probability
A: C.Vulnerability

Q: Which of the following is best practice when receiving an email with a suspicious attachment or link?
- A.Delete the email
- B.Open to unsubscribe
- C.Forward the email to an IT manager
- D.Check with a supervisor
A: A.Delete the email

Q: ISA-62443, NERC-CIPs, and ISO 2700x are standards for which of the following IT fields?
- A.World Wide Web
- B.Cybersecurity
- C.Data Management
- D.Networking
A: B.Cybersecurity

Q: Authentication, authorization, and accounting are principles of which of the following critical facility process?
- A.Disaster recovery
- B.Change management
- C.Access control
- D.Safety
A: C.Access control

Q: The illegal attempt to acquire sensitive information by posing as a trustworthy entity is known as:
- A.phishing.
- B.trolling.
- C.hacking.
- D.pandering.
A: A.phishing.

Q: The use of biometrics is a component of:
- A.video surveillance.
- B.intrusion detection.
- C.access control.
- D.circuit testing.
A: C.access control.

Q: Which of the following impose strict confidentiality and cybersecurity requirements on the Mission Critical Operations (MCO)?
- A.NFPA
- B.OSHA
- C.ISO
- D.ASHRAE
A: C.ISO

Q: Which of the following are considered when assessing physical security threats?
- A.Controlled site access and controlled building access
- B.Number of fiber services and network connectivity
- C.Regional air quality and heavy tree pollen
- D.Distance to the nearest town and availability of services
A: A.Controlled site access and controlled building access

Q: True or False. Cyber/IT vulnerability assessment includes: wired, wireless, and physical access points.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or False. Addressable Cabinet Distribution Units (CDUs) provide opportunities for cybersecurity breaches.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: In order to prevent a security breach, which of the following is the proper disposition of a failed hard drive?
- A.Ship to a data recovery company
- B.Return to vendor
- C.Turn over to security
- D.Destroy by shredding
A: D.Destroy by shredding

Q: True or False. With regard to cybersecurity, threat assessment is the recurrent activity that deals with the analysis, planning, implementation, control, and enforcement of a security policy.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Which of the following applies to video surveillance?
- A.Intrusion detection
- B.Network control
- C.Access control
- D.Intrusion prevention
A: A.Intrusion detection

Q: True of False. Due to the ease of use of new security systems, it is no longer necessary for security system operators to go through extensive training.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or False. When dealing with personal data, security policies require significant transparency and sharing of the data.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Minimal front desk processing to gain access to a mission critical site includes:
- A.inspection of personal items.
- B.vehicle search.
- C.photo ID check.
- D.background check.
A: C.photo ID check.

Q: True or False. A typical cybersecurity policy will address both intrusion detection and intrusion prevention.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or False. Use of security tokens is an example of a cybersecurity best practice.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following would be considered a breach of cybersecurity best practices?
- A.Disabling the CRAH for unscheduled maintenance
- B.Propping the loading dock door open
- C.Providing a visitor the password to the guest network
- D.Deactivating a firewall temporarily
A: D.Deactivating a firewall temporarily

Q: True or False. Risk management threat assessments deal specifically with network vulnerabilities, and not the physical environment.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or False. Security managers will deliberately hire hackers to test their network's vulnerability.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following is an example of penetration testing?
- A.White hat hacking
- B.Compliance gap assessment
- C.Domain naming
- D.Authentication, Authorization, Accounting (AAA)
A: A.White hat hacking

Q: Which of the following is a vulnerability related to IT cybersecurity?
- A.Outdated confidentiality policies
- B.Unguarded loading docks
- C.Faulty video surveillance system
- D.Unauthorized use of portable media
A: D.Unauthorized use of portable media

Q: Which of the following is a way to help prevent malware from infecting a network?
- A.Disabling user account control
- B.Ensuring network software is less than one year old
- C.Turning on the network firewall
- D.Running a security scan once per month
A: C.Turning on the network firewall

Q: Likelihood and impact are fundamentals of:
- A.change management.
- B.life cycle.
- C.troubleshooting.
- D.risk management.
A: D.risk management.

Q: Which of the following documents provides remedies when subject requirements are not met?
- A.Confidentiality Policy
- B.Risk Management Plan
- C.Roles and Responsibilities Procedure
- D.Service Level Agreement
A: D.Service Level Agreement

Q: Which of the following procedures should be used if there is a loss of power on a production server in a data center?
- A.Preventive Maintenance Procedure (PMP)
- B.Emergency Operating Procedure (EOP)
- C.Method of Procedure (MOP)
- D.Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)
A: B.Emergency Operating Procedure (EOP)

Q: Which of the following documents describes response time, space temperature, power capacity, power quality, and network bandwidth?
- A.Owners Project Requirements (OPR)
- B.Service Level Agreement (SLA)
- C.Site Systems Manual (SSM)
- D.Emergency Operating Procedures (EOP)
A: B.Service Level Agreement (SLA)

Q: The change management process can BEST be described as a system that:
- A.identifies facility operations that may conflict in a data center.
- B.reduces the number and duration of outages in a data center.
- C.communicates to data center users the status of a facility during a casualty.
- D.controls preventive maintenance in a data center.
A: A.identifies facility operations that may conflict in a data center.

Q: Redundancy and backups are core principles of which of the following information technology practices?
- A.Networking
- B.Cloud computing
- C.Disaster recovery
- D.Cyber security
A: C.Disaster recovery

Q: Data replication is a key step in implementing which of the following information technology practices?
- A.Cyber security
- B.Networking
- C.Cloud computing
- D.Disaster recovery
A: D.Disaster recovery

Q: Which of the following is a method that facility management and customers use to coordinate operational expectations?
- A.Facility Power Capacity Estimates
- B.Service Level Agreements
- C.Technology Growth Forecasting
- D.Equipment Failure Analysis
A: B.Service Level Agreements

Q: Which of the following MUST be implemented prior to repair or preventive maintenance on any mission critical system?
- A.Change Management Process
- B.Disaster Recovery Plan
- C.Business Impact Analysis
- D.Appropriate Security Clearance
A: A.Change Management Process

Q: Which of the following is the FIRST step when recovering from a power outage?
- A.Check network connectivity
- B.Reboot server
- C.Retrieve data from remote storage
- D.Restart applications
A: B.Reboot server

Q: IT departments are MOST likely to use freeze periods as a way to:
- A.respond to unauthorized access to a database.
- B.stop processing to support a software upgrade.
- C.stabilize the infrastructure during a significant event.
- D.respond to extended periods of cold weather.
A: C.stabilize the infrastructure during a significant event.

Q: Which of the following BEST explains a risk management strategy?
- A.Developing a Change Management Process
- B.Setting up troubleshooting methodologies for the facility
- C.Maintaining an up-to-date Disaster Recovery Continuity Plan
- D.Knowing that there are available resources for assistance
A: C.Maintaining an up-to-date Disaster Recovery Continuity Plan

Q: A best practice for disaster recovery is to have which of the following?
- A.Having several perforated tiles in the raised access flooring system
- B.Creating programs for zero risk management cycles
- C.Using component redundancy, such as multiple emergency backup generators
- D.Providing single line diagrams of the white space or network operations center
A: C.Using component redundancy, such as multiple emergency backup generators

Q: A plan for data backup is an example of:
- A.process hazard analysis.
- B.alternative technologies.
- C.vulnerability assessment.
- D.disaster recovery.
A: D.disaster recovery.

Q: A technician receives a work ticket to investigate the root cause of a UPS alarm. This describes which of the following critical environment processes?
- A.Disaster recovery
- B.Troubleshooting
- C.Risk management
- D.Change management
A: B.Troubleshooting

Q: True or false. The critical production space requires reliable interoperability among HVAC, power, IT, network, monitoring, and controls.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or false. A Service Level Agreement (SLA) typically includes criteria for minimum response time in the event of an incident impacting operations at the critical facility.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: A single CRAH unit has sufficient capacity to fully cool the load in the critical production space. Installing a second CRAH unit of the same capacity to serve the space is an example of which of the following critical facility concepts?
- A.Change management
- B.Redundancy
- C.Risk management
- D.Backup
A: B.Redundancy

Q: A Maintenance Bypass System (MBS) is an example of which of the following?
- A.Redundancy
- B.Compliance
- C.Change management
- D.Security access
A: A.Redundancy

Q: True or false. Someone in the mission critical field would have good knowledge of operational technologies, like interdependencies and interoperability among key resources such as water, cooling, power, monitoring and control systems, IT, HVAC, and telecommunications.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or false. A Service Level Agreement (SLA) provides for management of vendor services such as troubleshooting and repairs.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following applies to disaster recovery functions?
- A.DNS
- B.PDU
- C.RTO
- D.ISO
A: C.RTO

Q: Which of the following is an example of a risk management strategy?
- A.Integrating security levels with an access needs assessment
- B.Suspending change management practices during a disaster
- C.Directing emergency response teams in the event of an incident
- D.Concentrating intrusion detection using one Telecom provider
A: A.Integrating security levels with an access needs assessment

Q: Risk management processes should be:
- A.available to non-contracted vendors.
- B.deferred to a state agency.
- C.static and noniterative.
- D.part of organizational processes.
A: D.part of organizational processes.

Q: True or false. Many MCO facilities require water storage because the health department would order the facility closed if water was unavailable for lavatories.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Which of the following facilities is considered a Mission Critical Operation (MCO)?
- A.University
- B.Post office
- C.Courthouse
- D.Hospital
A: D.Hospital

Q: Which of the following would have the MOST immediate detrimental impact at a mission critical facility?
- A.Loss of controls
- B.Loss of power
- C.Loss of cooling
- D.Loss of communication
A: B.Loss of power

Q: Which of the following is the BEST way to mitigate human error in a mission critical facility?
- A.Follow procedures
- B.Train employees
- C.Hire experienced employees
- D.Outsource critical services
A: A.Follow procedures

Q: Which of the following building systems provides backup power in the event of an extended electrical utility outage?
- A.Transformers
- B.Generators
- C.Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS)
- D.Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS)
A: B.Generators

Q: True or False. The malfunction of three of a department store’s twelve checkout registers would be considered a loss of a mission critical function.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Which of the following describes a mission critical situation?
- A.A local utility fails, but the core business is still running.
- B.A failure, over time, will become increasingly more damaging to business operations.
- C.A failure will result in a loss of operation of a business.
- D.A physical security system in a data center fails.
A: C.A failure will result in a loss of operation of a business.

Q: True or False. A company’s shipping information is inaccessible because the company is in the process of upgrading its software. This is an example of a mission critical outage.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: True or False. Generators, uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs), cooling systems, and data networks are considered mission critical systems in hospitals, 911 call centers, and data centers.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or False. A data center housing IT equipment that supports an equity, bond, and contracts trading floor operation is a mission critical application.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following would normally be considered part of a mission critical facility’s backup system?
- A.PBX
- B.Network router
- C.UPS
- D.Mainframe
A: C.UPS

Q: True or False. A utility’s minimally staffed distribution control center that directs electricity routing for customers would be considered mission critical.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: One of the greatest emerging threats to Mission Critical Operation (MCO) is:
- A.terrorism.
- B.automation.
- C.lack of facilities.
- D.software obsolescence.
A: A.terrorism.

Q: Which of the following functions is described as an aggravation?
- A.Business Critical
- B.Urgent
- C.Important
- D.Mission Critical
A: C.Important

Q: Which of the following is considered a risk to mission critical operations?
- A.Lack of sufficient capital
- B.Faulty hardware
- C.Compliance with regulatory mandates
- D.Insufficient amount of qualified employees
A: B.Faulty hardware

Q: Which of the following is the definition of business critical?
- A.Incremental revenue loss over time
- B.Regulatory requirements not met
- C.Excessive fines or penalties
- D.Extreme customer dissatisfaction
A: A.Incremental revenue loss over time

Q: True or False. A resilient mission critical system is one that is able to absorb failures in the short and long term.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or False. A sophisticated and multiple level of redundancy will achieve 100% availability in a mission critical facility.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Physical security, fire alarm, and intrusion alarm are examples of which of the following systems?
- A.Mission critical
- B.Business critical
- C.Important systems
- D.Priority systems
A: C.Important systems

Q: True or False. A backup generator is considered a mission critical system.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: Which of the following scenarios is related to an important function?
- A.Exhaust fan in the office block is down
- B.Cooling is down
- C.Breaker settings are not coordinated
- D.Utility outage in a Tier II facility
A: A.Exhaust fan in the office block is down

Q: True or False. A system is considered business critical if its failure will lead to a loss of life.
- T.True
- F.False
A: F.False

Q: Which of the following is the MAIN benefit of identifying mission critical systems?
- A.To identify which system gets replaced first
- B.To secure funding for next project
- C.To prioritize which function gets more man-hours
- D.To implement a clear cable labeling system
A: C.To prioritize which function gets more man-hours

Q: In a business setup, which of the following functions is the HIGHEST priority?
- A.Urgent
- B.Business critical
- C.Mission critical
- D.Important
A: C.Mission critical

Q: True or False. Data loss, faulty hardware, and malware are types of risks to the mission critical operation.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: True or False. People will always be a major risk to a mission critical operation.
- T.True
- F.False
A: T.True

Q: The area of study that focuses on applying theories, concepts, and principles to existing areas of interest or to solve existing problems is called:
- Engineering Technology
- Facilities Maintenance
- HVAC
- Access Control
A: Engineering Technology
If right: Correct, Engineering Technology is the area of study that focuses on applying theories, concepts, and principles to existing areas of interest or to solve existing problems.
If wrong: Engineering Technology is the area of study that focuses on applying theories, concepts, and principles to existing areas of interest or to solve existing problems.

Q: IT Web Technology is a field that involves operating system software, application software, system optimization, system configuration, personal computer hardware, and the ability to troubleshoot and repair.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That's correct. IT Web Technology is a field that can include web graphic design, authoring, search engine optimization, accessibility, web development, as well as programming/program language proficiency.
If wrong: That is not correct. IT Web Technology is a field that can include web graphic design, authoring, search engine optimization, accessibility, web development, as well as programming/program language proficiency.

Q: If you work in IT security, the only activity you have to worry about is that of a criminal hacker.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct! If you work in IT Security you not only have to worry about the activity of a criminal hacker, but also unintentional access that could change or delete data.
If wrong: Incorrect. If you work in IT Security you not only have to worry about the activity of a criminal hacker, but also unintentional access that could change or delete data.

Q: The factors of Mission Critical systems could include all except:
- social media
- equipment
- process
- procedure
- software
A: social media
If right: That is correct!
If wrong: In this case, social media would not be considered one of the factors of a mission critical system.

Q: A ________ _________ refers to a device used as a failover mechanism to provide reliability in system configurations.
- Hot Spare
- Hot Swapping
- CIA Triad
- Access Control
A: Hot Spare
If right: Correct! That would be a hot spare.
If wrong: A Hot Spare refers to a device used as a failover mechanism to provide reliability in system configurations.

Q: A company that produces widgets requires electricity to run the stamper and other machines on the production line. The widget company has a back up generator that can keep production at the entire facility running for twenty-four hours straight (or longer if more diesel fuel is brought in).  A thunder storm rolls through the area creating a power outage that lasts for four hours. For the widget company this particular situation of going to generator power would be considered:
- business critical
- mission critical
- important
A: business critical
If right: That is correct. In this situation there is no loss of life, loss of revenue, or severe customer dissatisfaction. The company has planned ahead to prepare for this type of situation and has bought and installed the generator system. The outage is not long enough to possibly exhaust the company's supply of fuel and to cause the company to have to be at the mercy of a storm damaged market to buy more fuel. It is critical to the widget company that they keep producing and they have succesfully managed to do so with careful planning and preparation.
If wrong: That is not correct. The situation here has no loss of life, loss of revenue, or severe customer dissatisfaction. The company has planned ahead to prepare for this type of situation and has bought and installed the generator system. It is critical to the widget company that they keep producing and they have succesfully managed to do so with careful planning and preparation. So this is business critical.

Q: A login refers to the mechanical or electronic fastening device that is released by a physical object (such as a key, keycard, fingerprint, RFID card, or security token), by supplying secret information (such as a keycode or password), or by a combination thereof.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! You knew that a login refers to the credentials required to obtain access to a computer system or other restricted area.
If wrong: That is false, a login refers to the credentials required to obtain access to a computer system or other restricted area.

Q: A mechanical or electronic fastening device that is released by a physical object, by supplying secret information, or by a combination of these.
- lock
- latch
- login
- SPOF
A: lock
If right: Great! Lock is correct.
If wrong: The lock is a mechanical or electronic fastening device that is released by a physical object, by supplying secret information, or by a combination of these.

Q: A position involved with the IT security of information including locations of  United States military troops in combat, would be a(n) ________________________ position.
- MCO
- business critical
- important
A: MCO
If right: That is correct. The security of data that includes US troop loacation would be MCO. If that data fell into the wrong hands, it could result in loss of life and injury.
If wrong: In this case the threat of lives lost or injury from the enemy acquiring the data would make the military IT security position MCO.

Q: A possible danger that might exploit a vulnerability to breach security and cause possible harm.
- infrastructure
- threat
- lock
- throughput
A: threat
If right: Great! That is correct.
If wrong: A possible danger that might exploit a vulnerability to breach security and cause possible harm is a threat.

Q: An Engineering Technologist often does what?
- implements designs
- designs things
- draws mechanical drawings of designs
- makes necessary repairs to plumbing, HVAC, and electrical systems at a facility
A: implements designs
If right: Yes, the Engineering Technologist often implements the designs that an engineer has come up with.
If wrong: No, the Engineering Technologist often implements the designs that an engineer has come up with.

Q: An example of how money could be saved with building automation would be the efficient way that temperature and humidity are monitored and quickly controlled when they are no longer within the desired range.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct, this is more cost effective than hiring someone specifically to control HVAC systems when temperature and humidty levels change.
If wrong: The answer in this case should be true. It is more cost effective than hiring someone specifically to control HVAC systems when temperature and humidty levels change.

Q: Any factor of a system (equipment, process, procedure, software, etc.) whose failure will result in the failure of business operations. That is, it is critical to the organization's 'mission'.
- Mission Critical Operations
- Mean Time Between Failures
- Five Nines
- Mean Time to Failure
A: Mission Critical Operations
If right: That is correct! MCO or Mission Critical Operations is any factor of a system (equipment, process, procedure, software, etc.) whose failure will result in the failure of business operations. That is, it is critical to the organization's 'mission'.
If wrong: Any factor of a system (equipment, process, procedure, software, etc.) whose failure will result in the failure of business operations. That is, it is critical to the organization's 'mission' is Mission Critical Operations or MCO.

Q: Building automation provides a way to monitor the functions of different systems in a building, but it may require more human intervention and an increase in expenses.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct, this is false. Building automation can help things in a buiding be monitored and maintained at a more efficeint, energy saving, and money saving level. With building automation less human intervention can be made possible in some cases.
If wrong: This is false. Building automation can help things in a buiding be monitored and maintained at a more efficeint, energy saving, and money saving level. With building automation less human intervention can be made possible in some cases.

Q: Classes in the Mission Critical Consrtium will only be available in person on one of the campuses of CCC or one of it's partners.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Great! You know that these programs are distance enabled so that you can take classes from anywhere.
If wrong: That is incorrect. The Mission Critical Operations programs are distance enabled so that you can take classes from anywhere.

Q: Cleveland Community College in a partnership with industry and educational partners is working to provide a pathway for students that can lead to certificates, diplomas, an Associate Degree in Applied Science and more.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct, some of the partners include: UNC Charlotte, Nash Community College, Wake Tech, Moultrie Technical College, Automation Federation, The Carolinas Chapter of 7X24 Change, and the ISA.
If wrong: Sorry, that is indeed true. Some of the partners involved include: UNC Charlotte, Nash Community College, Wake Tech, Moultrie Technical College, Automation Federation, The Carolinas Chapter of 7X24 Change, and the ISA.

Q: Computers and other electronic components are networked together to help control a building in building automation.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: Correct!
If wrong: Incorrect. It is true that computers and other electronic components are networked together to help control a building in building automation.

Q: Data management is based on four principles: data ownership, data retention policy, security, and enhancement policies.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct. IT Data Management is based on four main principles: data ownership, data retention policy, security, and enhancement policies. These policies are used to create and maintain an organization’s strategy to organize and manage its data.
If wrong: No, IT Data Management is based on four main principles: data ownership, data retention policy, security, and enhancement policies. These policies are used to create and maintain an organization’s strategy to organize and manage its data.

Q: Downtime is used to refer to periods when a system is available.
- True
- False
A: False
If right: That is correct!
If wrong: Downtime is used to refer to periods when a system is unavailable.

Q: IT professionals can have a careers as
- Cheif Information Officers, help desk technicians, cybersecurity specialists or many more.
- facilities maintenance technicians, HVAC repair specialists, or electrical specialists.
- only as network technicians.
- only IT support personnel.
A: Cheif Information Officers, help desk technicians, cybersecurity specialists or many more.

Q: If you desire a career in IT support, then you would want to sharpen your troubleshooting and repair skills.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct, in the field of IT support the troubleshooting and repair skills are very important.
If wrong: Incorrect. In the field of IT support the troubleshooting and repair skills are very important.

Q: In Data Management, you would find topics of importance to include:
- data analysis, data retention policy, security, and data architecture.
- system configuration, system optimization, and personal computer hardware.
- web graphic design, program languages, and web page creation.
- network standards, network protocols, and implementation policies.
A: data analysis, data retention policy, security, and data architecture.
If right: Great! That is correct. Although security, some knowledge of the system software, and other areas are shared concerns of all involved in IT, the data analysis, data retention policy, security, and data architecture would be of most importance to those in the Data Management field.
If wrong: No, data analysis, data retention policy, security, and data architecture ould be of most importance to those in the Data Management field.

Q: In order to offer you a career pathway in Mission Critical Operations the Computer Information Systems and the Industrial Systems departments have teamed up.
- True
- False
A: True
If right: That is correct!
If wrong: It is true that the Computer Information Technology department and the Industrial Systems department have teamed up in order to offer you a career path towards a Mission Critical Operations career.

Q: How is the material in this course licensed for use?
- CC BY 3.0
- All Rights Reserved
- Public Domain
A: CC BY 3.0
If right: That's correct. The material in this course is licensed CC BY 3.0 unless otherwise noted.
If wrong: Not quite. Please re-read the section on course licensing in Module 0.

Q: How is attendance graded in this course?
- Instructor checks for student logins in the past week
- Participation in discussion boards
- Instructor checks for a quiz grade in the last week
- Attendance is not graded
A: Instructor checks for student logins in the past week
If right: That's correct. In order to receive credit for attendance, you must at least log in to the course every week.
If wrong: Incorrect. Please re-read the syllabus in Module 0 to find the answer to this question.

Q: What percentage of your final grade is determined by the final exam?
- 15%
- 10%
- 20%
- 25%
A: 15%
If right: Correct! The final exam is worth 15% of your final grade.
If wrong: Not quite. Please re-read the syllabus in Module 0 for this information.

Q: Discussion boards count as what type of grade?
- Lab
- Quiz
- Attendance
- Exam
A: Lab
If right: Correct. Discussion boards count as lab grades.
If wrong: Incorrect. Please re-read the syllabus in Module 0 to get this information.

Q: How long will it take before a student receives feedback on an assignment?
- Up to seven days
- Up to three days
- Up to fourteen days
- Immediately
A: Up to seven days
If right: Correct. Students will receive feedback within seven days from submission.
If wrong: Incorrect. Please re-read the syllabus in Module 0 to find out this information.