Title: cis290_study_guide-1
Course: TAACCCT - Open Source Server Admin.- CIS 235 > Section: Course Content

CIS290 – Linux/Unix Administration

Study Guide 1

Chapter 1 – Introduction to the Linux Operating System

Overview of Operating System Functions Software Licensing Agreements

- opensource
- closed source
- freeware
- shareware
- there are many other types

Activity 1-1: Reviewing Licensing Agreements (90 minutes) (p3)

Functions of an Operating System

- User Interface
- File Systems
- Device Drivers
- System services

History of UNIX, Linux, etc…

- UNIX
- MINIX
- Linux
  - Modern distributions
    - RedHat, Ubuntu, Debian, SUSE
- FreeBSD & OpenBSD
- Mac OS X
- Android
- Overview of SUSE

Linux Architecture

- Kernel
- Daemon
- Processes
- Random Access Memory
  - volatile memory
- demand paging

Linux Desktop Environments

KDE

GNOME

Linux File Structure

- In Linux/UNIX almost everything is a file
- /
- regular files, directories, and “device files”

Features of Linux

- Multiuser
- Multiasking
  - Preemptive scheduling
- Networking connectivity
  - TCP/IP
- Security

Command Shells Available in Linux

- What is a shell
- Bourne (sh)
- C (csh)
- Korn (ksh)
- Bourne Again (bash)

Chapter 2 – Installing OpenSUSE

Checking Your System Configuration

- Requirements for Installing Linux
  - Minimum
    - 512M RAM
    - 3 GB disk
    - 800x600 display

The Unified Installation Method with Virtual Machines

- Terms
  - Virtual machine
  - Host system
  - Guest system
- Benefits
  - Allows running multiple Oss on one machine
  - Opportunity to test applications before actual install
  - Reduce costs by decreasing physical hardware
    - server farms
  - An environment to experiment with untested programs safely
- Various virtualization software
  - See list on table 2-1 on p18
- Overview of VMware Player
- Activity 2-1: Downloading VMware Player (15 minutes) (p19)
  - Skip
- Installing VMware Player on a Windows Host
- Activity 2-2: Installing VMware Player 3.1.5 on a Windows Host (10 minutes) (p20)
  - Skip

Installing OpenSUSE

- ISO images
- Activity 2-3: Creating a Virtual Machine (15 minutes) (p21)
  - The book says to create two images – one for GNOME and one for KDE
- OpenSUSE Boot Options
  - See table 2-2 for list of options
    - Boot from Hard Disk, Installation, Repair…, etc.

The Preperation Phase

- Installation Mode
- Clock and Time Zone
- Desktop Selection
- Suggested Partitioning
  - partitions
  - Logical Volume Management (LVM)
  - multiboot
- Create New User
  - root

The Installation Phase

- Partitioning
- Booting
- Software
- Locale Settings
- Time Zone
- User Settings
- Default Runlevel
  - runlevel
  - A list of OpenSUSE runlevels is on table2-3 on p28
- Performing the Installation
- The Configuration Phase
  - Hostname and Domain Name
    - hostname
    - domain name
    - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
- Network Configuration
- Test Internet Connection
- Online Update

Activity 2-4: Installing OpenSUSE as a Guest OS (30 minutes) (p30)

- The GNOME Desktop Environment
  - Features of GNOME
    - Web Browser
    - File Manager
    - Word Processing
    - E-Mail
      - Junk mail control
      - Search folders
      - Security
      - Desktop integration
      - Calendars
      - Multiple e-mail accounts

Activity 2-5: Working with the GNOME Desktop Environment (20 minutes) (p34)

- The KDE Desktop Environment
  - Features of KDE
    - Desktop Folder
      - Firefox
      - My Computer
      - Office
      - Online Help
      - openSUSE
    - Quick Launch Area
    - KDE Panel
    - System Tray

Activity 2-6: Working with KDE (20 minutes) (p36)

Chapter 3 – Managing Files and Directories

- An Overview of the Linux Directory Structure
  - Terms
    - file system
    - “Filesystem Hierarchy Standard” (FHS)
      - Most Linux systems have files in the same place
    - Shareable vs. Unsharable
      - In terms of multiple computers, not multiple users
    - Variable vs. Static files
      - Variable = programs will write to them automatically
      - Static = files that only a user (or a system update) will likely change
  - See list of directories on table3-1 on p44
    - /bin
    - /boot
    - /dev
    - /etc
    - /home
    - /lib
    - /media
    - /mnt
    - /opt
    - /root
    - /sbin
    - /srv
    - /tmp
    - /usr
    - /var
  - Navigating the Linux Directory Structure
    - Opening a terminal window in KDE or GNOME
    - Terms
      - Command line interface
      - Command prompt
  - Changing Directories
    - Pwd
    - cd
    - cd ~
  - Pathnames in Linux
    - absolute paths
    - relative paths
  - The BASH Command Completion Feature
    - command completion / TAB completion
  - Activity 3-1: Using the pwd and cd Commands (10 minutes) (p47)
- Viewing Files and Directories
  - ls
  - ls ..
  - options
  - ls –l
  - ls –a
  - ls –la
  - See list of (a few) options on table 3-2 on p49
- Examining the ls –l command
  - File type
  - File permissions
  - Hard links
  - Owner
  - Group
  - File size
  - Modification time
  - Filename
  - Activity 3-2: Using the ls Command (10 minutes) (p50)
- Getting Help
  - man
  - man ls
  - Man page sections
    - See list on table 3-3 on p52
  - Navigating Man pages
    - See list on table 3-4 on p53 for keystrokes for “more”
  - Activity 3-3: Working with Man pages (10 minutes) (p53)
- Using Wildcards
  - *
  - ?
  - [abcdef]
  - [a-f]
  - [!a-f]
  - ls fi*
  - ls *2
  - cd new*
  - ls file?
  - Activity 3-4: Using Wildcards (10 minutes) (p55)
- Managing Files and Directories
  - Creating and Deleting Directories and Files
    - Creating Directories
      - mkdir subdir
    - Creating Files
      - touch filename
  - Deleting Directories and Files
    - rmdir subdir
    - rm filename
  - Activity 3-5: Creating and Deleting Directories and Files (15 minutes) (p58)
  - Moving, Renaming, and Copying Files
    - mv oldname newname
    - mv oldname newdir/newname
    - mv oldname newdir
    - cp currname newname
  - Activity 3-6: Renaming, Moving, and Copying Files (15 minutes) (p59)
  - Creating Links
    - Inodes
      - inode table
      - ls –i
      - stat filename
    - Hard Links
      - Hard links are used less often now
      - ln currfile newlocation
      - ls -li
    - Symbolic (Soft) Links
      - ln –s urrfile newlocation
      - ls –li
    - Activity 3-7: Working with Links (20 minutes) (p62)
- Switching Users and Becoming Root
    - su newuser
    - exit (or logout)
    - Activity 3-8: Switching Users (10 minutes) (p64)

Chapter 4 – Creating and Editing Files with Text Editors

- Text Editors in Linux
  - Terms
    - buffer
    - shell script
    - syntax highlighting
    - text editor
  - GUI Text Editors in Linux
    - KWrite: A GUI Text Editor for KDE
      - Bookmarks
    - Activity 4-1: Exploring the KWrite Text Editor (20 minutes) (p73)
    - Gedit: A GUI Text Editor for GNOME
    - Activity 4-2: Exploring the Gedit Text Editor
  - Getting Started with the Vim Editor
    - command mode
    - insert mode
    - extended mode
      - :blah
    - Starting Vim
    - Command Mode
      - A list of navigational keystrokes for vim is on table4-1 on p 77-78
    - Activity 4-3: Using Vim in Command Mode (15 minutes) (p78)
    - Insert Mode
      - A list of insertion commands on table 4-2 on p79
    - Modifying Text
      - Activity 4-4: Using Vim in Inseer Mode (25 minutes) (p80)
    - Deleting Text
      - A list of deletion keystrokes are on table 4-4 on p81
    - Cut, Yank, and Paste
      - See commands on table 4-5 on p82
    - Undo Commands
      - u
    - Activity 4-5: Modifying Text in Vim (15 minutes) on p82
    - Extended Mode
      - Begin with :
      - See list of some extended commands on table 4-7 on p84
      - Activity 4-6: Using Vim in Extended Mode (15 minutes) (p85)

Chapter 5 – Creating Shell Scripts and Displaying File Contents

- An Overview of Linux File Permissions
  - See figure 5-1 (p90) and table 5-1 (p91) for more information
  - User, group, other
  - Read, Write, Execute
    - There are other special permissions, covered later
  - Permission Commands
    - chmod
    - chmod 755 file
    - chod u+x file
    - See symbolic notation on table 5-2 on p92 and numeric notation 5-3
- Creating Shell Scripts
  - programming language
  - machine code
  - compiled program
  - interpreted program
  - Note: this chapter uses BASH as the scripting lang
  - Comments
    - !
- Activity 5-1:  Creating a Shell Script (10 minutes) (p94)
- Variables
  - environment  variables
    - e.g. $HOST, $USER, $PATH, $HOME
  - shell variables
    - are not kept around after the script exits
  - direct assignment
    - FOO=bar
    - set FOO=bar
  - Activity 5-2: Using the Direct Assignment Method (10 minutes) (p96)
- The find command
  - Options for the find command on table 5-5 on p97
- Variables (cont.)
  - The Prompt Method
    - aka prompting the user for input
    - read
  - Activity 5-3: Using the Prompt Method (10 minutes) (p98)
  - Positional Parameters
    - e.g. $1, $2 $3
    - $0
    - $*
  - Activity 5-4: Using Positional Parameters (10 minutes) (p100)
  - Exit Status Codes
    - $?
    - 0 = good, all others = warning, or error
      - Mostly true, with some notable exceptions (e.g. diff)
- Conditions
  - if / “then” / else /fi
    - e.g.
      - if [ blah ]
        - echo “yes”
    - else
        - echo “no”
    - fi
  - Using [ and ] for tests
    - man [ or man test
    - if [ -e /tmp/foo ]
  - Activity 5-5: Using Condition Statements (10 minutes) (p102)
  - Table of file attributes (for test) on table 5-7 on p103
  - Activity 5-6: Creating a Menu Script (10 minutes) (p104)
  - The case Statement
    - case $VAR in
      - val1) code ;;
      - val2) code ;;
      - esac
  - Activity 5-7: Using case Statements in a Menu Script (10 minutes) (p106)
- Looping
  - Five different statements used to create them
    - while, until, for, do, done
  - while Loop
    - e.g.
      - while condition
      - do
        - blah
      - done
  - Activity 5-8: Creating a while Loop (10 minutes) (p108)
  - until Loop
- e.g.
    - until condition
    - do
      - blah
    - done
  - Activity 5-9: Creating an until Loop in a Menu Script (20 minutes) (p111)
  - for Loop
    - e.g.
      - for var in list of values
      - do
        - blah
      - done
    - Useful for doing something to multiple files
      - for file in *.c
        - do
        - cp $file $file.bak
        - done
  - Activity 5-10: Creating a for Loop (10 minutes) (p112)
- Displaying the Contents of a Text File
  - Cat
  - tac
    - Display the contents backwards
  - head
  - tail
  - more
  - less

See table 5-8 on p114 for keystrokes in more

Attached Files: | - cis290_study_guide-1.docx